{"title":"Methods used to link crimes using behaviour: A literature review","authors":"Amy Burrell, Benjamin Costello, Jessica Woodhams","doi":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper reviews the crime linkage literature to identify how data were pre-processed for analysis, methods used to predict linkage status/series membership, and methods used to assess the accuracy of linkage predictions. Thirteen databases were searched, with 77 papers meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Methods used to pre-process data were human judgement, similarity metrics (including machine learning approaches), spatial and temporal measures, and Mokken Scaling. Jaccard's coefficient and other measures of similarity (e.g., temporal proximity, inter-crime distance, similarity vectors) are the most common ways of pre-processing data. Methods for predicting linkage status were varied and included human (expert) judgement, logistic regression, multi-dimensional scaling, discriminant function analysis, principal component analysis and multiple correspondence analysis, Bayesian methods, fuzzy logic, and iterative classification trees. A common method used to assess linkage-prediction accuracy was to calculate the hit rate, although position on a ranked list was also used, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis has emerged as a popular method of assessing accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51360,"journal":{"name":"Aggression and Violent Behavior","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102014"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mimosa Luigi , Laurie-Anne Martinez , Laurence Roy , Anne G. Crocker
{"title":"Experiences of forensic mental health patients and professionals with shared violence risk assessment and management: A scoping review of qualitative studies","authors":"Mimosa Luigi , Laurie-Anne Martinez , Laurence Roy , Anne G. Crocker","doi":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Person-centered care and shared decision-making between inpatients and professionals have become guiding principles for mental health care, yet their integration in forensic services remains limited by security-driven and legal considerations. In this context, emerging models of shared risk assessment and risk management could transform forensic patients' experience of, engagement in, and satisfaction with care. However, little evidence informs how shared approaches can improve these experiences of care and be successfully implemented in the forensic context.</div><div>A scoping review was conducted to understand the experiences of forensic patients and professionals in implementing shared approaches for violence risk assessment and management. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and ProQuest were searched for qualitative studies, restricting to inpatient adult settings and interventions targeting hetero-aggression or violence. Raters screened records, appraised quality, and charted findings for narrative synthesis and meta-aggregation.</div><div>From 1325 non-duplicate records screened, four articles were selected featuring three multicomponent approaches and one risk assessment tool. Both patients and professionals reported benefits, such as improved therapeutic relationships and patient self-understanding. Participants outlined interpersonal-, intervention-, and organizational-level barriers for patients to effectively influence decision-making. Practice and research implications are discussed, including training needs, how to address and leverage disagreements, and developing organizational change strategies to support shared approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51360,"journal":{"name":"Aggression and Violent Behavior","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102009"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"School bullying perpetration and victimization as predictors of youth delinquency: A meta-analysis of prospective studies and data","authors":"Glenn D. Walters","doi":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the prospective relationship between bullying perpetration/victimization and delinquency in longitudinal/prospective studies published up through 2023. An electronic review of the literature identified 13 studies (19 samples; mean age of bullying = 13.45 years; <em>N</em> = 11,565 for perpetration and 21,640 for victimization) for the current meta-analysis. A random-effects analysis revealed that bullying perpetration produced a medium pooled effect size (<em>r</em><sub>x1y</sub> = 0.24) and bullying victimization a small pooled effect size (<em>r</em><sub>x2y</sub> = 0.13) when correlated with future delinquency. Partial correlations controlling for the alternate bullying measure (i.e., bullying victimization in the case of bullying perpetration, and bullying perpetration in the case of bullying victimization) were moderate (<em>r</em><sub>x1y.x2</sub> = 0.20) and very small (<em>r</em><sub>x2y.x1</sub> = 0.04) for bullying perpetration and bullying victimization, respectively. Results from this meta-analysis support bullying perpetration as a developmental antecedent of delinquency. Bullying victimization may also be linked to delinquency but at a level one-half to one-fifth the size of bullying perpetration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51360,"journal":{"name":"Aggression and Violent Behavior","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102010"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neuro-cognitive systems that, when dysfunctional, increase aggression risk and the potential for translation into clinical tools","authors":"R.J.R. Blair","doi":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The goal of this narrative review paper is to consider forms of neurocognitive dysfunction that increase risk for reactive and instrumental aggression. Neuro-cognitive functions that appear to mediate, inhibit or moderate reactive and instrumental aggression are identified and data on the association between perturbations of these neuro-cognitive functions and aggression risk are considered. The neuro-cognitive functions considered are: the acute threat response, emotion regulation, reinforcement-based decision-making, response control, empathy (responsiveness to distress cues) and affiliation. Their functional roles, putative neural substrates and data indicating dysfunction in aggressive populations will be considered. Moreover, brief considerations will be given regarding the impact of early life stress (abuse and neglect) may have on their development. Finally, the current situation with respect to the potential utility of neuro-cognitive indices and how such neuro-cognitive systems might be assessed is considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51360,"journal":{"name":"Aggression and Violent Behavior","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102007"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142329653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrizia Pezzoli , Alexandra Therond , Maja Nikolic , Sarah K. Watts , Synthia Guimond , Michael C. Seto
{"title":"Reducing antisocial behavior through cognitive training: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Patrizia Pezzoli , Alexandra Therond , Maja Nikolic , Sarah K. Watts , Synthia Guimond , Michael C. Seto","doi":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cognitive deficits are a key risk factor for severe and persistent antisocial behavior (ASB); however, whether improving cognitive functioning reduces ASB remains unclear. To address this question, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cognitive training interventions among individuals displaying ASB.</div><div>We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science for studies published between 1990 and 2023. Of 529 records screened and 54 full-texts assessed, we identified 14 studies including a total of 601 participants (age <em>M</em> = 39.12, <em>SD</em> = 9.33, 84 % male). Most studies aimed at improving multiple cognitive domains. Cognitive training yielded moderate reductions in ASB (<em>g</em> = 0.59, <em>p</em> < .001 in pre-post studies; <em>g</em> = 0.36, <em>p</em> = .003 in controlled trials). Effect sizes were larger for interventions targeting social cognition. Cognitive improvements were moderate in pre-post studies (<em>g</em> = 0.51, <em>p</em> < .001) but non-significant in controlled trials (<em>g</em> = 0.11, <em>p</em> = .27).</div><div>Cognitive training holds promise as a complementary approach for reducing ASB, but greater theoretical and measurement precision is needed to elucidate the mechanisms driving behavioral change. Future research directions include anchoring interventions on cognitive models of ASB, aligning treatment and assessment targets, and evaluating treatment moderators, scalability, and transfer effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51360,"journal":{"name":"Aggression and Violent Behavior","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102006"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tiago O. Paiva , Macià Buades-Rotger , Arielle Baskin-Sommers , Inti A. Brazil
{"title":"The unusual suspects: A systematic search for the molecular and cellular correlates of human aggression","authors":"Tiago O. Paiva , Macià Buades-Rotger , Arielle Baskin-Sommers , Inti A. Brazil","doi":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decades of research have uncovered several molecules and cell types (i.e., biomolecules) associated with aggression, violence, and hostility (AVH). In this systematic review, we aimed to identify which of these biomolecules have been predominantly studied in relation to AVH in human adults, and to obtain a general sense of the direction of the effects reported for each identified biomolecule. Eighty-one studies (out of 2914 initial abstracts) were included in the review, totaling 198 effects and 29,565 participants. Hormones, particularly testosterone and cortisol, were by far the most studied biomolecules (57.58 %), followed by cytokines (14.14 %), proteins (9.09 %), and neurotransmitters (4.55 %). Out of all extracted statistical effects, 15.1 % reported a negative association, 45.5 % reported no association, and 39.4 % reported a positive association between AVH and the biomolecules, although this pattern varied substantially for individual biomolecules. We also identified some research on biomolecules pertaining to the immune system, which could turn out to play crucial roles in advancing our understanding of AVH. These quantitative insights into the current state of biochemical research on AVH in human adults provide a basis for shaping a broader and more integrative research agenda for studying AVH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51360,"journal":{"name":"Aggression and Violent Behavior","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102002"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arielle Baskin-Sommers , Essi Viding , Mikayla Barber , Sonia Ruiz , Sam Paskewitz , Luke Hyde
{"title":"Advancing the science of biosocial transactions related to aggression in children and young people: A brief review and steps forward","authors":"Arielle Baskin-Sommers , Essi Viding , Mikayla Barber , Sonia Ruiz , Sam Paskewitz , Luke Hyde","doi":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aggression towards others produces great physical, emotional, and economic burden. An extensive body of research identifies risk factors related to aggression that span biological and environmental factors. However, much of that work identifies risk factors in isolation (or among only a few other risk factors) even though the development of aggression is a complex phenomenon involving interactions among risk and protective factors across time and across levels of analysis. The goal of this piece is to identify themes in the literature to articulate five practical steps needed to advance the science of biosocial transactions related to the development and maintenance of aggression in children and young people. Specifically, we highlight key biological (brain, genes) and psychosocial (parenting, peers) domains in aggression research as we comment on ways to improve the measurement of and quantitative methods in the study of neurocognitive process and environments related to aggression. We also discuss the science of intervention within a transactional model, highlighting the need for the science of behavior change to develop from a mechanistic framework. Our understanding of aggression is poised for transformation. We are in a position to integrate biosocial insights in ways that allow us to specify mechanisms and better understand transactional relationships that inform how and why some children grow up to display aggression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51360,"journal":{"name":"Aggression and Violent Behavior","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102001"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142243971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The use of emergency medical services data to identify concentrations of violence and drug activity: A review","authors":"Julie Hibdon , Cody W. Telep , Danielle LaPradd","doi":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Preliminary evidence points to the value of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) data in identifying locations of drug activity, violence, and disorder in communities. A critical review conducted in 2016 by Taylor and colleagues determined that ambulance data are a unique supplement in understanding community violence, particularly with respect to violent crime locations. Since 2016, several additional studies that use EMS data to understand crime hot spots of violence as well as drug activity have been published. This systematic review is an effort to update what is known about the use of EMS data in diagnosing and understanding micro-places concentrated with drug activity or violence. Overall, we identify 21 studies that utilize EMS data to identify micro-place concentrations of drug or violence, 12 of which also look at the extent to which these concentrations overlap with other data sources, primarily police data. We conclude EMS data should be considered by agencies and researchers when identifying micro-place concentrations for the prevention and reduction of drug and violence issues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51360,"journal":{"name":"Aggression and Violent Behavior","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102004"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142243970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unraveling the morphological brain architecture of human aggression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of structural neuroimaging studies","authors":"Jules R. Dugré , Stéphane A. De Brito","doi":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.102003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aggression is an umbrella term referring to behaviors intended to harm others. However, aggressive behaviors vary in terms of forms (i.e., physical, verbal) and functions (i.e., proactive, reactive). Recent findings suggest that both motives and forms may be associated with distinct brain structures. However, no studies have meta-analytically summarized their commonalities and differences. A systematic search strategy was conducted up to May 1st 2023 using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Seed-based d Mapping with Permutation of Subject Image was used to meta-analyze voxel-based morphometry studies. Exploratory analyses on meta-analytic findings were conducted to identify their associated mental functions and examine their degree of overlap with brain lesion associated with aggression. A total of 92 experiments were included in the meta-analysis (N=2593, mean age=26.2, 68.5% males). General aggression was characterized by reduced grey matter volume (GMV) in the medial prefrontal cortex. Reactive aggression was associated with reduced GMV in the rostral medial prefrontal cortex, and bilateral superior temporal gyrus, and proactive aggression with greater GMV in the ventral caudate. Co-activation brain networks of these morphological correlates further distinguished reactive and proactive into socio-affective/somatosensory and motivational processes, respectively. We also found that the medial prefrontal cortex cluster of general aggression was a primary site in which focal brain lesion may increase the risk for aggression. The current study highlight that functions of aggression are associated with distinct abnormalities in grey matter volume. These findings add to the growing body of literature suggesting potentially distinct aetiologies between aggression motives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51360,"journal":{"name":"Aggression and Violent Behavior","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102003"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359178924000934/pdfft?md5=6f110515a2e6b18cca15376d404a9868&pid=1-s2.0-S1359178924000934-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142243972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A meta-analysis of the relationship between personality traits and cyberbullying","authors":"Weilin Xu , Baobao Zhao , Cancan Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.101992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.avb.2024.101992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cyberbullying is an interpersonal aggression that has emerged due to the rapid development of the Internet. The present study utilized meta-analysis to explore the relationship between personality and cyberbullying. A comprehensive search of relevant databases included 68 studies with 74 independent samples involving 61,405 participants for the meta-analysis. We investigated the main effects of the Big Five and Dark Triad on cyberbullying behavior and explored the potential moderating effects. The results suggested that Conscientiousness and Agreeableness were negatively correlated with cyberbullying. Neuroticism, Machiavellianism, Psychopathy, and Narcissism were positively corelated to cyberbullying. However, Openness and Extroversion were not significantly associated with cyberbullying. Gender, age, and culture moderated the relationships between personality traits and cyberbullying. Overall, risk personality factors (Neuroticism, Machiavellianism, Psychopathy, and Narcissism) exhibit a stronger link to cyberbullying than protective personality factors (Conscientiousness and Agreeableness), and this study expands the General Strain Theory to General Aggression Models to explain the personality mechanisms of cyberbullying.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51360,"journal":{"name":"Aggression and Violent Behavior","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 101992"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}