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Annual Review of Sociology最新文献

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The Rise and Fall of the Sociology of the Global City 全球城市社会学的兴衰
IF 10.5 1区 社会学
Annual Review of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-soc-090523-042533
Patrick Le Galès
{"title":"The Rise and Fall of the Sociology of the Global City","authors":"Patrick Le Galès","doi":"10.1146/annurev-soc-090523-042533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-090523-042533","url":null,"abstract":"In the 1980s and 1990s, a series of publications, including Saskia Sassen's landmark book The Global City, triggered a new current of research aiming to link a cycle of globalized financial and tech capitalism to a new type of city, analogous to what the industrial city had been in the past. This article first reviews this literature in relation to the history and sociology of the world city. It then reviews criticism and sociological questions advanced by the global city literature and, in particular, research by Saskia Sassen and Manuel Castells. It argues that claims about the uniqueness of the global city were not validated empirically. Nonetheless, the issues this literature raised became central to research on globalizing cities, in particular in relation to the role of finance and financial capitals. Finally, this article argues that different forms of globalization give rise to different types of globalizing cities. A new cycle of research is now underway in relation to the climate crisis and pandemics, as the climate crisis becomes the most important global phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":51353,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141048174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Racialized Horizontal Stratification in US Higher Education: Politics, Process, and Consequences 美国高等教育中的种族横向分层：政治、过程与后果
IF 10.5 1区 社会学
Annual Review of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-soc-083123-035938
Laura T. Hamilton, Caleb Dawson, Elizabeth A. Armstrong, Aya Waller-Bey
{"title":"Racialized Horizontal Stratification in US Higher Education: Politics, Process, and Consequences","authors":"Laura T. Hamilton, Caleb Dawson, Elizabeth A. Armstrong, Aya Waller-Bey","doi":"10.1146/annurev-soc-083123-035938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-083123-035938","url":null,"abstract":"In this review, we integrate three bodies of scholarship—education stratification research, political-historical sociology of higher education, and sociological theories of race and racism—to understand the production of “separate and unequal” postsecondary experiences for racially marginalized college students in the United States. We argue that the US postsecondary system is plural, heterogeneous, and stratified partly as a result of hundreds of years of contested efforts to deploy higher education in the service of white supremacy and capital accumulation. Organizational stratification of higher education along racial lines leads to horizontal stratification in individual experiences within the same level of schooling, and even within the same university. We review literature on racialized sorting between schools, which channels racially marginalized students to different parts of the postsecondary system relative to their racially advantaged peers. We also describe stratification within schools, as students are tracked, often by race, into divergent academic and social pathways internal to a single university. Both types of sorting have racial consequences for students’ career trajectories, economic security, and well-being. Finally, we detail recent efforts to challenge horizontal stratification, responses to those efforts, and avenues for future research.","PeriodicalId":51353,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141040099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Which Cases Do I Need?” Constructing Cases and Observations in Qualitative Research "我需要哪些案例？在定性研究中构建案例和观察结果
IF 10.5 1区 社会学
Annual Review of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-soc-031021-035000
Caitlyn Collins, Megan Tobias Neely, Shamus Khan
{"title":"“Which Cases Do I Need?” Constructing Cases and Observations in Qualitative Research","authors":"Caitlyn Collins, Megan Tobias Neely, Shamus Khan","doi":"10.1146/annurev-soc-031021-035000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-031021-035000","url":null,"abstract":"This methodological review starts one step before Small's classic account of how many cases a scholar needs. We ask, “Which cases do I need?” We argue that a core feature of most qualitative research is case construction, which we define as the delineation of a social category of inquiry. We outline how qualitative researchers construct cases and observations and discuss how these choices impact data collection, analysis, and argumentation. In particular, we examine how case construction and the subsequent logic of crafting observations within cases have consequences for conceptual generalizability, as distinct from empirical generalizability. Drawing from the practice of qualitative work, we outline seven questions qualitative researchers often answer to construct cases and observations. Better understanding and articulating the logic of constructing cases and observations is useful for both qualitative scholars embarking on research and those who read and evaluate their work.","PeriodicalId":51353,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141052874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Conservatism, the Far Right, and the Environment 保守主义、极右翼和环境
IF 10.5 1区 社会学
Annual Review of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-soc-083023-035225
Jesse Callahan Bryant, Justin Farrell
{"title":"Conservatism, the Far Right, and the Environment","authors":"Jesse Callahan Bryant, Justin Farrell","doi":"10.1146/annurev-soc-083023-035225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-083023-035225","url":null,"abstract":"Sociology operates with an impoverished understanding of conservatism and the natural environment. The discipline's focus on antiregulatory and antiscience dimensions of conservative politics can obscure a more comprehensive, historically deep, and theoretically rich understanding of conservatism's connection to nature. We review and integrate sociological research with a large multidisciplinary global literature on conservative and far right environmental thought. Our analysis shows an intellectual tradition built around three commitments concerning the moral order of nature and society: naturalism, organicism, and pastoralism. Rather than being antiscientific, these traditions have drawn heavily on natural science for their authority. After tracing their history, we consider several contemporary manifestations, sometimes in ways that are counterintuitive to sociology's dominant understanding of conservatism. Conservative thought, including its far right edges, maintains a firm hold on global politics while climate change transforms the planet. To better understand these dynamics, sociology must continue to integrate work from other socioenvironmental fields. This review begins to correct this neglect and charts a path for future research at this increasingly impactful intersection.","PeriodicalId":51353,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140677830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Automation and Augmentation: Artificial Intelligence, Robots, and Work 自动化与增强：人工智能、机器人与工作
IF 10.5 1区 社会学
Annual Review of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-soc-090523-050708
Ya-Wen Lei, Rachel Kim
{"title":"Automation and Augmentation: Artificial Intelligence, Robots, and Work","authors":"Ya-Wen Lei, Rachel Kim","doi":"10.1146/annurev-soc-090523-050708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-090523-050708","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews the literature that examines the potential, limitations, and consequences of robots and artificial intelligence (AI) in automation and augmentation across various disciplines. It presents key observations and suggestions from the literature review. Firstly, displacement effects from task automation continue to persist. However, one should not assume an unequivocally increasing efficacy of technology in automation or augmentation, especially given the declining productivity growth in high-income countries and some large emerging economies in recent decades. Jobs less likely to be negatively impacted are those that require diverse tasks, physical dexterity, tacit knowledge, or flexibility, or are protected by professional or trade associations. Despite countervailing effects, without policy intervention, automation and augmentation could widen inequality between social groups, labor and capital, and firms. Secondly, AI's promise in task automation and labor augmentation is mixed. AI tools can cause harm, and dissatisfaction and disengagement often arise from their opaqueness, errors, disregard for critical contexts, lack of tacit knowledge, and lack of domain expertise, as well as their demand for extra labor time and resources. The inadequate autonomy to override AI-based assessments further frustrates users who have to use these AI tools at work. Finally, the article calls for sociological research to specify conditions and mechanisms that ameliorate adverse consequences and enhance labor augmentation by embedding the study of automation and augmentation in concrete social and political contexts at multiple levels.","PeriodicalId":51353,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140676539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Leveraging Experience Sampling/Ecological Momentary Assessment for Sociological Investigations of Everyday Life 利用经验取样/生态瞬间评估对日常生活进行社会学调查
IF 10.5 1区 社会学
Annual Review of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-soc-091523-013249
Christopher R. Browning, Nicolo P. Pinchak, Catherine A. Calder, Bethany Boettner
{"title":"Leveraging Experience Sampling/Ecological Momentary Assessment for Sociological Investigations of Everyday Life","authors":"Christopher R. Browning, Nicolo P. Pinchak, Catherine A. Calder, Bethany Boettner","doi":"10.1146/annurev-soc-091523-013249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-091523-013249","url":null,"abstract":"Experience sampling (ES)—also referred to as ecological momentary assessment (EMA)—is a data collection method that involves asking study participants to report on their thoughts, feelings, behaviors, activities, and environments in (or near) real time. ES/EMA is typically administered using an intensive longitudinal design (repeated assessments within and across days). Although use of ES/EMA is widespread in psychology and health sciences, uptake of the method among sociologists has been limited. We argue that ES/EMA offers key advantages for the investigation of sociologically relevant phenomena, particularly in light of recent disciplinary emphasis on investigating the everyday mechanisms through which social structures and micro (individual and relational) processes are mutually constitutive. We describe extant and potential research applications illustrating the advantages of ES/EMA regarding enhanced validity, illuminating micro-temporal processes, and the potential for linkage with spatially and temporally referenced data sources. We also consider methodological challenges facing sociological research using ES/EMA.","PeriodicalId":51353,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140694031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Asian American Diversity and Growth 亚裔美国人的多样性与成长
IF 10.5 1区 社会学
Annual Review of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-soc-031021-012617
Van C. Tran
{"title":"Asian American Diversity and Growth","authors":"Van C. Tran","doi":"10.1146/annurev-soc-031021-012617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-031021-012617","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines how the growth and diversification of Asian Americans have shaped their integration into the US mainstream. I first review recent trends in demographic diversification, socioeconomic differentiation, and geospatial dispersion among Asians. As a high-achieving minority group, Asians—on average—have surpassed Whites in education, income, and wealth. This narrative, however, is inaccurate and incomplete, rendering intra-Asian disparities invisible. One consequence of intra-Asian diversity is the divergent destinies of hyperselected Asians and vulnerable Asians. Another is the increase in political polarization due to the rise of class-based politics. Despite increasing awareness of intra-Asian diversity, the current conceptual framework and data infrastructure are woefully inadequate, with an inherent bias toward the inclusion of the largest Asian groups at the exclusion of small and vulnerable Asian groups. Data disaggregation and integration can fill this gap by identifying new challenges and opportunities for research and policy interventions.","PeriodicalId":51353,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Social Influence Affects Reporting: Toward an Integration of Crime Reporting, Whistleblowing, and Denunciation 社会影响如何影响举报：实现犯罪举报、检举和揭发的整合
IF 10.5 1区 社会学
Annual Review of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-soc-030222-013736
Patrick Bergemann
{"title":"How Social Influence Affects Reporting: Toward an Integration of Crime Reporting, Whistleblowing, and Denunciation","authors":"Patrick Bergemann","doi":"10.1146/annurev-soc-030222-013736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-030222-013736","url":null,"abstract":"Reporting—often by ordinary individuals—is the most common means by which authorities become aware of crimes, misconduct, and other types of deviant behavior. In this article, I integrate research across a variety of disciplines and domains to review the role of social influence in the decision to report. Such influences operate at the individual, group, and societal levels to shape reporting behavior, as potential reporters respond to both direct and indirect pressures, along with considering the anticipated reactions of others were a report to be made. Together, these influences can either suppress or promote reporting, which shapes who is identified, investigated, and ultimately punished for deviant behavior within organizations, communities, and states.","PeriodicalId":51353,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140699503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Sociology of Police Behavior 警察行为社会学
IF 10.5 1区 社会学
Annual Review of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-soc-030222-031902
Rashawn Ray, Connor Powelson, Genesis Fuentes, Long Doan
{"title":"The Sociology of Police Behavior","authors":"Rashawn Ray, Connor Powelson, Genesis Fuentes, Long Doan","doi":"10.1146/annurev-soc-030222-031902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-030222-031902","url":null,"abstract":"Black Americans are 3.5 times and Black teenagers are 21 times more likely to be killed by police than their White counterparts. Generally, protective factors such as social class do little to reduce this disparity, as high-income Black Americans are just as likely to be killed by police as low-income Black Americans. Given these outcomes, it is unsurprising that the bulk of sociological research on policing examines disparities in policing outcomes between Black and Brown communities and individuals and their White counterparts. We begin by outlining this important research. In addition to focusing on the consequences of (over)policing, sociologists can make unique contributions to our understanding of the empirical limitations of contemporary policing data and the macro-, meso-, and micro-level mechanisms that contribute to policing inequalities. While we draw upon some research in other disciplines, sociologists can and should do more in these areas. Accordingly, the end of this review focuses on future directions and theoretical possibilities by centering emerging research that pivots sociology to a more direct focus on overcoming the methodological limits of police research and contributing to meaningful behavioral, organizational, and policy changes.","PeriodicalId":51353,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140700080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Sociology of Entrepreneurship Revisited 重温创业社会学
IF 10.5 1区 社会学
Annual Review of Sociology Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-soc-030222-014049
Tristan L. Botelho, Ranjay Gulati, Olav Sorenson
{"title":"The Sociology of Entrepreneurship Revisited","authors":"Tristan L. Botelho, Ranjay Gulati, Olav Sorenson","doi":"10.1146/annurev-soc-030222-014049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-030222-014049","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last two decades, the sociology of entrepreneurship has exploded as an area of academic inquiry. Most of this research has been focused on understanding the environmental conditions that promote entrepreneurship and processes related to the initial formation of an organization. Despite this surge in activity, many important questions remain open. Only more recently have scholars begun to turn their attention to what happens to organizations, and the people connected to them, as they mature and move through the life cycle of entrepreneurship. These open questions, moreover, connect to many classic themes in the literature on careers, organizational sociology, stratification, and work and occupations. Using a framework that focuses on three phases of the entrepreneurial life cycle—pre-entry, entry, and post-entry—we summarize sociological research on entrepreneurship and highlight opportunities for future research.","PeriodicalId":51353,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140701592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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