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Underestimating the Relationship: Unpacking Both Socioeconomic Resources and Cognitive Function and Decline in Midlife to Later Life. 低估关系：解读社会经济资源与中年至晚年的认知功能和衰退。
IF 5 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241276818
Pamela Herd,Katrina M Walsemann
{"title":"Underestimating the Relationship: Unpacking Both Socioeconomic Resources and Cognitive Function and Decline in Midlife to Later Life.","authors":"Pamela Herd,Katrina M Walsemann","doi":"10.1177/00221465241276818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241276818","url":null,"abstract":"Although there is robust evidence that socioeconomic position influences later-life cognitive function, two issues limit knowledge regarding the nature and magnitude of these relationships and potential policy interventions. First, most social science research tends to treat cognition as a unitary concept despite evidence that cognitive outcomes are not interchangeable. Second, most biomedical research focuses exclusively on education, with limited attention to economic resources despite robust social science theoretical and empirical rationales for their role. Relatedly, there has been limited attention to how these relationships may vary across cohorts, even as educational and economic contexts have changed. Using the Health and Retirement Study (N = 36,494), we show that failing to attend to different facets of cognition, socioeconomic resources, and cohort differences leads to underestimates in the magnitude of educational and economic disparities in cognitive function and decline. This has important implications for appropriate policy interventions to address these disparities.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"8 1","pages":"221465241276818"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142448009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sex Educators' Strategies for Building Student Trust. 性教育工作者建立学生信任的策略。
IF 5 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241286801
Golda Kaplan
{"title":"Sex Educators' Strategies for Building Student Trust.","authors":"Golda Kaplan","doi":"10.1177/00221465241286801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241286801","url":null,"abstract":"Although clinicians have been the focus of research on trust in health care, much of the health guidance Americans receive occurs outside clinical settings. School-based health education is one such setting. Given the importance of interpersonal dynamics to clinicians' work, trust likely features heavily in achieving health educators' outcomes. This study asks: How do health educators approach building trust with students? In interviews with 39 sexual health educators in Ohio and Illinois, I find that educators report several strategies that they use in their attempt to build student trust: They use personal anecdotes and informality to distinguish themselves from teachers; adjust their approach based on their race, gender, or age if they perceive these identities impede trust; and emphasize lessons are factual when facing pushback. My findings reveal key differences in how clinicians and nonclinical professionals approach trust and more broadly, how organizational factors impact health professionals' approach to trust.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"99 1","pages":"221465241286801"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Forces to Be Reckoned with: Countervailing Powers and Physician Emotional Distress during COVID-19. 需要应对的力量：COVID-19 期间的抗衡力量与医生的情绪困扰。
IF 5 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241281371
Tania M Jenkins,Liza Buchbinder,Mara Buchbinder
{"title":"Forces to Be Reckoned with: Countervailing Powers and Physician Emotional Distress during COVID-19.","authors":"Tania M Jenkins,Liza Buchbinder,Mara Buchbinder","doi":"10.1177/00221465241281371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241281371","url":null,"abstract":"The \"countervailing powers\" framework conceptualizes health care as an arena for power contests among key stakeholders, drawing attention to the moves, countermoves, and alliances that have challenged physicians' dominance since the 1970s. Here, we focus on one of the lesser known micro-level consequences of such forces for physicians: emotional distress. We draw on 145 interviews with frontline physicians across four U.S. cities during the COVID-19 pandemic to trace physicians' experiences with three countervailing forces: the state, health care organizations, and patients. We find that threats to physician dominance eroded physicians' sense of mastery (perceived personal control) at work, thereby prompting emotional distress, including anger and moral conflict. Conversely, in certain cases, acts of resistance may have helped increase mastery, thus moderating distress. Our findings advance the countervailing powers framework by elucidating some of the micro-level, personal consequences of macro-level power struggles and offer practical implications for understanding contemporary threats to physician dominance.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"1 1","pages":"221465241281371"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142448035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Death of a Parent, Racial Inequities, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Early to Mid-adulthood. 父母亡故、种族不平等和成年早期至中期的心血管疾病风险。
IF 6.3 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241273870
Michael A Garcia, Belinda L Needham, Bridget J Goosby, Robert A Hummer, Hui Liu, Debra Umberson
{"title":"Death of a Parent, Racial Inequities, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Early to Mid-adulthood.","authors":"Michael A Garcia, Belinda L Needham, Bridget J Goosby, Robert A Hummer, Hui Liu, Debra Umberson","doi":"10.1177/00221465241273870","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00221465241273870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Black Americans experience the death of a parent much earlier in the life course than White Americans on average. However, studies have not considered whether the cardiovascular health consequences of early parental death vary by race. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, we explore associations between early parental death and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in early to mid-adulthood (N = 4,193). We find that the death of a parent during childhood or adolescence (ages 0-17) or the transition to adulthood (ages 18-27) is associated with increased CVD risk for Black Americans, whereas parental death following the transition to adulthood (ages 28+) undermines cardiovascular health for both Black Americans and White Americans. These findings illustrate how a stress and life course perspective can help inform strategies aimed at addressing both the unequal burden of bereavement and high cardiovascular risk faced by Black Americans.</p>","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"221465241273870"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Predicting Mental Health Care Enrollment and Treatment Uptake among Newly Arrived Refugees in U.S. Resettlement Programs 预测美国重新安置计划中新到难民的心理保健注册和接受治疗情况
IF 5 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241276778
Aimee Hilado, Melissa Bond, Elizabeth Sanchez
{"title":"Predicting Mental Health Care Enrollment and Treatment Uptake among Newly Arrived Refugees in U.S. Resettlement Programs","authors":"Aimee Hilado, Melissa Bond, Elizabeth Sanchez","doi":"10.1177/00221465241276778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241276778","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines variables that predict mental health care enrollment and engagement among refugees. The authors explore a mental health care model designed to identify mental health needs early among refugee arrivals that may interfere with adjustment and overall health outcomes using data from a Midwest refugee resettlement program. Using ecological models of mental distress and theories on help-seeking behaviors, the authors used logistic and count regressions to predict enrollment in mental health care services and utilization rates. Gender, nationality, and presenting problems were significant predictors of enrollment and length of engagement in services. The findings provide guidance to practitioners and resettlement agencies on refugee mental health and opportunities to increasing access and engagement in mental health care.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"326 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stability and Volatility in the Contextual Predictors of Working-Age Mortality in the United States 美国劳动年龄死亡率背景预测因素的稳定性和波动性
IF 5 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241271072
Jennifer Karas Montez, Shannon M. Monnat, Emily E. Wiemers, Douglas A. Wolf, Xue Zhang
{"title":"Stability and Volatility in the Contextual Predictors of Working-Age Mortality in the United States","authors":"Jennifer Karas Montez, Shannon M. Monnat, Emily E. Wiemers, Douglas A. Wolf, Xue Zhang","doi":"10.1177/00221465241271072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241271072","url":null,"abstract":"The contextual predictors of mortality in the United States are well documented, but the COVID-19 pandemic may have upended those associations. Informed by the social history of disease framework (SHDF), this study examined how the importance of county contexts on adult deaths from all causes, drug poisonings, and COVID-19-related causes fluctuated during the pandemic. Using 2018 to 2021 vital statistics data, for each quarter, we estimated associations between county-level deaths among adults ages 25 to 64 and prepandemic county-level contexts (economic conditions, racial-ethnic composition, population health profile, and physician supply). The pandemic significantly elevated the importance of county contexts—particularly median household income and counties’ preexisting health profile—on all-cause and drug poisoning deaths. The elevated importance of household income may be long-lasting. Contextual inequalities in COVID-19-related deaths rose and then fell, as the SHDF predicts, but rose again along with socio-political disruptions. The findings support and extend the SHDF.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Uterus Keeps the Score: Black Women Academics' Insights and Coping with Uterine Fibroids. The Uterus Keeps the Score: Black Women Academics' Insights and Coping with Uterine Fibroids.
IF 6.3 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241268434
Bridget J Goosby, Rachelle Winkle-Wagner, Amy Zhang
{"title":"The Uterus Keeps the Score: Black Women Academics' Insights and Coping with Uterine Fibroids.","authors":"Bridget J Goosby, Rachelle Winkle-Wagner, Amy Zhang","doi":"10.1177/00221465241268434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241268434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Few studies examine how high-achieving Black women navigate chronic reproductive health morbidities. Black women are disproportionately more likely to experience uterine fibroids, with earlier onset and more severe symptoms. This study leverages a national mixed-methods data set of Black women academics to examine how they describe symptomatic fibroids impacting their careers and lives. We find that participants (1) actively coped by engaging in superwoman schema, (2) postponed treatment due to the demands of their tenure-track position, and (3) normalized pain. Our findings suggest a potentially high prevalence of uterine fibroids among Black women faculty, that symptomatic fibroids were an impediment to some women's careers, and that women with symptomatic fibroids often identified expectations of their careers as an impediment to seeking timely treatment. We provide insights for how highly educated, successful Black women cope and navigate career stress coupled with challenges resulting from chronic reproductive health morbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"221465241268434"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analyzing the Impact of Family Structure Changes on Children's Stress Levels Using a Stress Biomarker. 利用压力生物标记分析家庭结构变化对儿童压力水平的影响
IF 6.3 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1177/00221465231223953
Pauline Kleinschlömer, Mine Kühn, Lara Bister, Tobias C Vogt, Sandra Krapf
{"title":"Analyzing the Impact of Family Structure Changes on Children's Stress Levels Using a Stress Biomarker.","authors":"Pauline Kleinschlömer, Mine Kühn, Lara Bister, Tobias C Vogt, Sandra Krapf","doi":"10.1177/00221465231223953","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00221465231223953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Changes in family structure (e.g., parental separation or stepfamily formation) are associated with a deterioration in children's well-being. Most researchers have focused on the impact of such changes on children's educational and psychosocial outcomes, whereas the effects on children's biological processes have been studied less often. We analyze the effects of changes in family structure on children's stress levels using data from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents study (2003-2006 and 2014-2017). Our outcome variable is the biomarker c-reactive protein (CRP), which correlates with psychological distress and is collected from blood samples. Calculating first-difference estimators, we analyze whether children have higher CRP levels after changing to (1) single-parent families (n = 117) or (2) stepfamilies (n = 80). Our findings suggest that changing to a single-parent family significantly increases children's stress, whereas changing to a stepfamily does not. These observations are important because increased stress in childhood can negatively affect well-being later in life.</p>","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"449-465"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139713303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Policy Brief. 政策简介。
IF 6.3 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241269117
Margot Moinester, Kaitlyn K Stanhope
{"title":"Policy Brief.","authors":"Margot Moinester, Kaitlyn K Stanhope","doi":"10.1177/00221465241269117","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00221465241269117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"323-324"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analysis of Sex-Specific Gene-by-Cohort and Genetic Correlation-by-Cohort Interaction in Educational and Reproductive Outcomes Using the UK Biobank Data. 利用英国生物库数据分析教育和生殖结果中的性别特异性队列基因和遗传相关性队列交互作用。
IF 6.3 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-12 DOI: 10.1177/00221465231188166
Boyan Zheng, Jason M Fletcher, Jie Song, Qiongshi Lu
{"title":"Analysis of Sex-Specific Gene-by-Cohort and Genetic Correlation-by-Cohort Interaction in Educational and Reproductive Outcomes Using the UK Biobank Data.","authors":"Boyan Zheng, Jason M Fletcher, Jie Song, Qiongshi Lu","doi":"10.1177/00221465231188166","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00221465231188166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synthesizing prior gene-by-cohort (G×C) interaction studies, we theorize that changes in genetic effects by social conditions depend on the level of resource constraints, the distribution and use of resources, structural constraints, and constraints on individual choice. Motivated by the theory, we explored several sex-specific G×C trends across a set of outcomes using 30 birth cohorts of UK Biobank data (N = 400,000). We find that genetic coefficients on years of schooling and secondary educational attainment substantially decrease, but genetic coefficients on college attainments only moderately increase. On the other hand, genetic coefficients for education ranks are stable. Genetic coefficients on reproductive behavior increase for younger cohorts. Additional genetic-correlation-by-cohort analysis shows shifting genetic correlations between education and reproductive behavior. Our results suggest that the G×C patterns are highly heterogenous and that social and genetic factors jointly shape the diversity of human phenotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"432-448"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9982231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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