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No Socioeconomic Inequalities in Mortality among Catholic Monks: A Quasi-Experiment Providing Evidence for the Fundamental Cause Theory. 天主教僧侣的死亡率不存在社会经济不平等：为 "根本原因理论 "提供证据的准实验。
IF 6.3 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241291847
Alina Schmitz, Patrick Lazarevič, Marc Luy
{"title":"No Socioeconomic Inequalities in Mortality among Catholic Monks: A Quasi-Experiment Providing Evidence for the Fundamental Cause Theory.","authors":"Alina Schmitz, Patrick Lazarevič, Marc Luy","doi":"10.1177/00221465241291847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241291847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We propose a novel approach to test the fundamental cause theory (FCT) by analyzing the association between socioeconomic status (SES), as measured by the order titles \"brothers\" and \"padres,\" and mortality in 2,421 German Catholic monks born between 1840 and 1959. This quasi-experiment allows us to study the effect of SES on mortality in a population with largely standardized living conditions. Mortality analyses based on Kaplan-Meier product limit estimation show that there were no statistically significant survival differences between the high and lower SES monks. This holds for all birth cohorts, indicating that monastic life offers health protection for monks with a lower SES regardless the disease patterns, causes of death, or main risk factors in a given period. These findings support the FCT: Whereas SES-related differences in mortality are a widely confirmed finding in the general population, a context with largely standardized conditions eliminates the importance of SES-related resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"221465241291847"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Heterogeneous Effects of College Education on Outcomes Related to Deaths of Despair. 大学教育对绝望死亡相关结果的异质性影响。
IF 6.3 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241291845
Grzegorz Bulczak, Alexi Gugushvili, Jonathan Koltai
{"title":"The Heterogeneous Effects of College Education on Outcomes Related to Deaths of Despair.","authors":"Grzegorz Bulczak, Alexi Gugushvili, Jonathan Koltai","doi":"10.1177/00221465241291845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241291845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>College education features prominently in research on determinants of deaths from substance use disorders and self-harm-outcomes collectively referred to as \"deaths of despair\" (DoD). Limited attention has been given to whether the protective effects of college education on indicators of despair vary by individuals' likelihood of college completion. We use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health for 6,145 individuals to test whether the protective effects of college completion on precursors to DoD vary according to individuals' propensity to attain a college degree. Understanding whether the benefits of college education differ depending on the propensity to complete it is important for designing effective educational policies. Using the heterogeneous treatment effects approach, we find that individuals with a relatively low propensity for graduating from college but who complete it have a lower likelihood of depressive symptoms, binge drinking, prescription drug abuse, and hard drug use.</p>","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"221465241291845"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Disparities in the Life Course Origins of Dual Functionality. 双重功能生命历程起源的差异。
IF 6.3 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241293191
Kenneth F Ferraro, Madison R Sauerteig-Rolston, Shawn Bauldry, Patricia A Thomas
{"title":"Disparities in the Life Course Origins of Dual Functionality.","authors":"Kenneth F Ferraro, Madison R Sauerteig-Rolston, Shawn Bauldry, Patricia A Thomas","doi":"10.1177/00221465241293191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241293191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although research has identified how stressors are related to either physical or cognitive function in later life, we bridge these literatures by examining dual functionality (neither physical nor cognitive impairment) among Black, White, and Hispanic adults. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (2006-2016), we investigated whether stressors and resources during childhood and adulthood are related to functional loss at baseline and longitudinally. Analyses revealed that lifetime trauma was associated with dual functionality impairment at baseline, but childhood stressors and everyday discrimination were prospectively associated with loss of dual functionality. Black and foreign-born Hispanic adults experienced earlier loss of dual functionality than White adults, and the effect of childhood stressors on the transition to impairment occurred earlier for U.S.-born Hispanic adults. Findings reveal the influence of exposures in childhood and adulthood on functional health in later life-and how resources may be a counterbalance to functional loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"221465241293191"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Work-Family Life Course Trajectories and Women’s Mental Health: The Moderating Role of Defamilization Policies in 15 European Territories 工作-家庭生活轨迹与女性心理健康：欧洲 15 个地区诽谤政策的调节作用
IF 5 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241291690
Ariel Azar
{"title":"Work-Family Life Course Trajectories and Women’s Mental Health: The Moderating Role of Defamilization Policies in 15 European Territories","authors":"Ariel Azar","doi":"10.1177/00221465241291690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241291690","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142597242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High School Curricular Rigor and Cognitive Function among White Older Adults 高中课程的严谨性与白人老年人的认知功能
IF 5 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241283745
Sara M. Moorman, Jooyoung Kong
{"title":"High School Curricular Rigor and Cognitive Function among White Older Adults","authors":"Sara M. Moorman, Jooyoung Kong","doi":"10.1177/00221465241283745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241283745","url":null,"abstract":"Most research on the strong relationship between education and cognitive aging has focused on years of schooling. Using data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study—a sample of White persons born in 1939—we explored whether greater curricular rigor in high school was also associated with better cognitive function in later life. We estimated multilevel structural equation models in data from 2,749 participants who attended 308 Wisconsin high schools, graduating in 1957. Independent of academic ability and performance and school-level financial and material resources, a more rigorous high school curriculum was associated with significantly better global cognitive functioning in 2020, when most participants were 81 years old. There was also a significant mediation via eventual degree attainment. The mediation was moderated such that men and participants from high socioeconomic status families benefited most from a rigorous curriculum. We discuss implications for modern educational policy.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142487236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatial and Ethno-national Health Inequalities: Health and Mortality Gaps between Palestinians and Jews in Israel. 空间和民族健康不平等：以色列巴勒斯坦人和犹太人之间的健康和死亡率差距。
IF 6.3 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241283455
Ameed Saabneh
{"title":"Spatial and Ethno-national Health Inequalities: Health and Mortality Gaps between Palestinians and Jews in Israel.","authors":"Ameed Saabneh","doi":"10.1177/00221465241283455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241283455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research adopts an analytical spatial perspective to explain ethno-national health inequality between Palestinians and Jews in Israel. The work identifies the forces that instigated and maintained the spatial segregation of Palestinians and elaborates the role of segregation in generating health gaps between Palestinians and Jews. The analysis suggests a novel conceptualization of two types of segregation: (a) exclusion from the center and confinement to the periphery and (b) segregation within the geographic periphery. Using administrative data on COVID-19 incidence, hospitalization, and death and various health indicators for localities, I devise a decomposition method that evaluates the relative contribution of each type of segregation to the total health gap. The findings indicate that the segregation of Palestinians from the center and their confinement to peripheral regions are crucial determinants of their poor health outcomes and that the segregation of the Palestinian community within the geographic periphery also contributes to poorer health.</p>","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"221465241283455"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142480391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Underestimating the Relationship: Unpacking Both Socioeconomic Resources and Cognitive Function and Decline in Midlife to Later Life. 低估关系：解读社会经济资源与中年至晚年的认知功能和衰退。
IF 5 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241276818
Pamela Herd,Katrina M Walsemann
{"title":"Underestimating the Relationship: Unpacking Both Socioeconomic Resources and Cognitive Function and Decline in Midlife to Later Life.","authors":"Pamela Herd,Katrina M Walsemann","doi":"10.1177/00221465241276818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241276818","url":null,"abstract":"Although there is robust evidence that socioeconomic position influences later-life cognitive function, two issues limit knowledge regarding the nature and magnitude of these relationships and potential policy interventions. First, most social science research tends to treat cognition as a unitary concept despite evidence that cognitive outcomes are not interchangeable. Second, most biomedical research focuses exclusively on education, with limited attention to economic resources despite robust social science theoretical and empirical rationales for their role. Relatedly, there has been limited attention to how these relationships may vary across cohorts, even as educational and economic contexts have changed. Using the Health and Retirement Study (N = 36,494), we show that failing to attend to different facets of cognition, socioeconomic resources, and cohort differences leads to underestimates in the magnitude of educational and economic disparities in cognitive function and decline. This has important implications for appropriate policy interventions to address these disparities.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"8 1","pages":"221465241276818"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142448009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sex Educators' Strategies for Building Student Trust. 性教育工作者建立学生信任的策略。
IF 5 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241286801
Golda Kaplan
{"title":"Sex Educators' Strategies for Building Student Trust.","authors":"Golda Kaplan","doi":"10.1177/00221465241286801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241286801","url":null,"abstract":"Although clinicians have been the focus of research on trust in health care, much of the health guidance Americans receive occurs outside clinical settings. School-based health education is one such setting. Given the importance of interpersonal dynamics to clinicians' work, trust likely features heavily in achieving health educators' outcomes. This study asks: How do health educators approach building trust with students? In interviews with 39 sexual health educators in Ohio and Illinois, I find that educators report several strategies that they use in their attempt to build student trust: They use personal anecdotes and informality to distinguish themselves from teachers; adjust their approach based on their race, gender, or age if they perceive these identities impede trust; and emphasize lessons are factual when facing pushback. My findings reveal key differences in how clinicians and nonclinical professionals approach trust and more broadly, how organizational factors impact health professionals' approach to trust.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"99 1","pages":"221465241286801"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Forces to Be Reckoned with: Countervailing Powers and Physician Emotional Distress during COVID-19. 需要应对的力量：COVID-19 期间的抗衡力量与医生的情绪困扰。
IF 5 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241281371
Tania M Jenkins,Liza Buchbinder,Mara Buchbinder
{"title":"Forces to Be Reckoned with: Countervailing Powers and Physician Emotional Distress during COVID-19.","authors":"Tania M Jenkins,Liza Buchbinder,Mara Buchbinder","doi":"10.1177/00221465241281371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241281371","url":null,"abstract":"The \"countervailing powers\" framework conceptualizes health care as an arena for power contests among key stakeholders, drawing attention to the moves, countermoves, and alliances that have challenged physicians' dominance since the 1970s. Here, we focus on one of the lesser known micro-level consequences of such forces for physicians: emotional distress. We draw on 145 interviews with frontline physicians across four U.S. cities during the COVID-19 pandemic to trace physicians' experiences with three countervailing forces: the state, health care organizations, and patients. We find that threats to physician dominance eroded physicians' sense of mastery (perceived personal control) at work, thereby prompting emotional distress, including anger and moral conflict. Conversely, in certain cases, acts of resistance may have helped increase mastery, thus moderating distress. Our findings advance the countervailing powers framework by elucidating some of the micro-level, personal consequences of macro-level power struggles and offer practical implications for understanding contemporary threats to physician dominance.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"1 1","pages":"221465241281371"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142448035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Death of a Parent, Racial Inequities, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Early to Mid-adulthood. 父母亡故、种族不平等和成年早期至中期的心血管疾病风险。
IF 6.3 1区 医学
Journal of Health and Social Behavior Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1177/00221465241273870
Michael A Garcia, Belinda L Needham, Bridget J Goosby, Robert A Hummer, Hui Liu, Debra Umberson
{"title":"Death of a Parent, Racial Inequities, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Early to Mid-adulthood.","authors":"Michael A Garcia, Belinda L Needham, Bridget J Goosby, Robert A Hummer, Hui Liu, Debra Umberson","doi":"10.1177/00221465241273870","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00221465241273870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Black Americans experience the death of a parent much earlier in the life course than White Americans on average. However, studies have not considered whether the cardiovascular health consequences of early parental death vary by race. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, we explore associations between early parental death and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in early to mid-adulthood (N = 4,193). We find that the death of a parent during childhood or adolescence (ages 0-17) or the transition to adulthood (ages 18-27) is associated with increased CVD risk for Black Americans, whereas parental death following the transition to adulthood (ages 28+) undermines cardiovascular health for both Black Americans and White Americans. These findings illustrate how a stress and life course perspective can help inform strategies aimed at addressing both the unequal burden of bereavement and high cardiovascular risk faced by Black Americans.</p>","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"221465241273870"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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