Journal of Translational Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Rethinking gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: A perspective on cellular origins, molecular mechanisms, and combination therapies.","authors":"Huiying Shi, Shizhao Xu, Rong Lin","doi":"10.1515/jtim-2026-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jtim-2026-0035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Translational Internal Medicine","volume":"14 2","pages":"171-174"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postmenopausal osteoporosis and vascular calcification: The estrogen regulation network and calcification paradox.","authors":"Yanxia Lin, Pengcheng Jiang, Yang Lv, Wen Tian","doi":"10.1515/jtim-2026-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jtim-2026-0026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The decline in estrogen levels in postmenopausal women is a major risk factor for the high prevalence of osteoporosis and vascular calcification in this population. Estrogen deficiency leads to an imbalance in the RANKL/OPG ratio, abnormalities in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and disruptions in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, thereby inducing osteoporosis and vascular calcification. Moreover, estrogen deficiency affects calcium and phosphorus metabolism and induces the release of extracellular vesicles from the aging bone matrix, which mediate interactions between bone and vascular tissues and promote the occurrence of the \"calcification paradox.\" The epigenetic regulation of estrogen receptors, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and miRNA activity, exerts different effects in bone and vascular tissues, underscoring the complexity of estrogen regulation. Future research should focus on the precise regulation of estrogen receptor subtypes and tissue-specific epigenetic modulation mechanisms to develop effective therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis and vascular calcification in postmenopausal women.</p>","PeriodicalId":51339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Translational Internal Medicine","volume":"14 2","pages":"192-203"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in euthyroid autoimmune thyroiditis during early pregnancy.","authors":"Kan Chen, Zhenyu Lin, Yiyang Gao, Zhaoying Chen, Chenxi Zhang, Zhongyan Shan, Weiping Teng, Jing Li","doi":"10.1515/jtim-2026-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jtim-2026-0009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Euthyroid autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) during early pregnancy has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the differences in gut microbiota (GM) composition and fecal metabolites between patients with euthyroid AIT and healthy women in the first trimester of pregnancy, and to explore potential associations between them.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 26 pregnant women with euthyroid AIT and 30 healthy pregnant women in their first trimester were enrolled. Gut microbiota profiles were analyzed using 16S rDNA gene sequencing, while fecal metabolomic profiling was performed <i>via</i> ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Correlations between GM and fecal metabolites were further evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant diferences in GM composition were observed between euthyroid AIT patients and healthy controls. Metabolomic analysis revealed distinct fecal metabolic signatures in euthyroid AIT patients. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis indicated that diferential metabolites were mainly involved in arachidonic acid metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, serotonergic synapses, and bile secretion pathways. Furthermore, a relationship between specific gut microbes and altered fecal metabolites was identified in the euthyroid AIT group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pregnant women with euthyroid AIT in the first trimester exhibit distinct alterations in gut microbiota and fecal metabolic profiles, which may contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Elucidating the correlations between GM and fecal metabolites may provide new insights into potential strategies for preventing and managing complications associated with euthyroid AIT in early pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Translational Internal Medicine","volume":"14 2","pages":"259-275"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological symptoms as the initial manifestation of choline kinase β-related muscular dystrophy.","authors":"Yakun Wu, Yanyu Lu, Chang Liu, Yajie Wang, Xujun Chu, Zhaoxia Wang, Yun Yuan, Zhiying Xie","doi":"10.1515/jtim-2026-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jtim-2026-0021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Translational Internal Medicine","volume":"14 2","pages":"326-329"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel insights from a large cohort: Elucidating incidence, risk factors, treatment, and prognostic predictors in autoimmune hemolytic anemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.","authors":"Zhuoyu An, Liqian Zhang, Peng Zhao, Jin Wu, Haixia Fu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Xiaodong Mo, Fengrong Wang, Chenhua Yan, Yuqian Sun, Meng Lv, Yuhong Chen, Yingjun Chang, Yu Wang, Lanping Xu, Xiangyu Zhao, Xiaojun Huang, Xiaohui Zhang","doi":"10.1515/jtim-2026-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jtim-2026-0030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare but serious complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Current understanding of post-allo-HSCT AIHA remains insufficient. This study aimed to elucidate the features and significant predictors of post-allo-HSCT AIHA to guide precise clinical management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective nested case-control study was conducted at Peking University People's Hospital from 2013 to 2024. A total of 61 patients with post-allo-HSCT AIHA were enrolled. For each case, three AIHA-free allo-HSCT recipients were randomly matched by sex, age (± 3 years), and transplant timing (± 3 months). Treatment modalities and responses of AIHA patients were analyzed. Cox regression analyses were employed to identify risk factors for post-allo-HSCT AIHA, as well as predictors of AIHA relapse and patient mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of post-allo-HSCT AIHA was 0.72%. During follow-up, 14 (22.95%) AIHA patients died (mostly because of severe infection-related complications) and 6 (9.84%) experienced AIHA relapse. Multivariate analysis showed that an unrelated donor was an independent risk factor for post-allo-HSCT AIHA (Hazard Ratio [HR] 2.323, <i>P</i> = 0.027), whereas a history of acute graft-versus-host disease was a protective factor (HR 0.340, <i>P</i> = 0.001). Corticosteroids combined with rituximab significantly increased the likelihood of treatment response (<i>P</i> = 0.003), with no significant adverse reactions or treatment-related mortality observed. We revealed that mononuclear cell count at allo-HSCT was correlated with AIHA relapse (HR 1.720, <i>P</i> = 0.011). Age (per 10-year increase, HR = 1.669, <i>P</i> = 0.005), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level (per 100-unit increase, HR = 1.178, <i>P</i> = 0.020), and C-reactive protein level (CRP, mg/L, HR = 1.018, <i>P</i> = 0.031) were associated with an increased risk of mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides novel insights into post-allo-HSCT AIHA. These findings highlight key prognostic markers, guiding risk stratification and the management of AIHA after allo-HSCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":51339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Translational Internal Medicine","volume":"14 2","pages":"225-236"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic loss of hormone receptors and reshaped drug sensitivity in male breast cancer organoids: A first case report and clinical implications.","authors":"Qing Zhao, Yunting Li, Xiaotong Han, Jingru Wang, Xiaotong Dong, Zhesheng Chen, Dawei Yuan, Yunxiang Zhang","doi":"10.1515/jtim-2026-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jtim-2026-0032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Translational Internal Medicine","volume":"14 2","pages":"322-325"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147787770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of enlarged perivascular spaces on endovascular therapy outcomes in patients with large ischaemic core: A post-hoc analysis of the ANGEL-ASPECT trial.","authors":"Zan Wang, Chenhui Liu, Mengxing Wang, Shuning Cai, Ximing Nie, Liping Liu, Xiaochuan Huo, Yuesong Pan, Zhongrong Miao, Yilong Wang","doi":"10.1515/jtim-2026-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jtim-2026-0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVSs), particularly in the basal ganglia (BG), are indicators of microvascular dysfunction and impaired glymphatic clearance, which may influence stroke outcomes. Determining the threshold below which endovascular therapy (EVT) confers no additional benefit is clinically important for patients with large ischaemic infarcts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This post-hoc analysis utilized data from the ANGEL-ASPECT trial (NCT04551664), a multicentre, randomized controlled trial of 456 acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (LVO) and a large ischaemic core. Among these patients, 226 who with completed, high-quality brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included. BG-EPVS severity was assessed on T2-weighted MRI and categorized as none-to-mild, moderate, or severe. The primary outcome was the 90-day modified Rankin scale (mRS) score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EVT significantly improved 90-day mRS outcome in patients with none-to-mild (adjusted common odds ratio [cOR] 5.50, 95% CI: 2.72-11.16, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and moderate (adjusted cOR 4.03, 95% CI, 1.46-11.15, <i>P</i> = 0.007) BG-EPVS. However, the benefit was markedly attenuated and not statistically significant in patients with severe BG-EPVS (adjusted cOR, 1.07 95% CI, 0.25-4.67, <i>P</i> = 0.926). EVT also increased the likelihood of achieving favourable functional outcomes (mRS scores of 0-2 and 0-3) and early neurological improvement (ENI) in the none-to-mild BG-EPVS subgroup, and favourable outcome (mRS score of 0-2) in the moderate BG-EPVS subgroup, but not in the severe BG-EPVS subgroup. Significant treatment-by-BG-EPVS interactions were observed for achieving an mRS score of 0-3 (<i>P</i>_interaction = 0.005) and ENI (<i>P</i>_interaction = 0.029).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EVT was associated with significantly improved 90-day functional outcomes in LVO-AIS patients with a large ischaemic core and none-to-mild or moderate BG-EPVS, whereas this benefit was not observed in those with severe BG-EPVS. Given the limited power in subgroup analyses, these findings should be considered hypothesis-generating and warrant validation in larger, adequately powered randomized controlled trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":51339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Translational Internal Medicine","volume":"14 2","pages":"294-305"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147787908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What we know about prostaglandin pathway dysfunction in chronic enteropathies: From endoscopy to molecular diagnosis.","authors":"Shuaizhi Ruan, Pengguang Yan, Qi Yan, Xiang Xu, Shuowen Zhang, Jing Wang, Ji Li, Jingnan Li","doi":"10.1515/jtim-2026-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jtim-2026-0020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic enteropathies characterized by multiple superficial ulcers of the small intestine have long been under-recognized, particularly in their early stage. However, the occurrence of refractory occult bleeding and episodes of partial bowel obstruction in this disease severely impacts quality of life, while targeted therapeutic options remain limited. Although dysfunction of the prostaglandin metabolic pathway has been associated with mucosal damage, the underlying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets remain unclear. In recent years, in-depth investigations of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced enteropathy, along with the discovery of rare monogenic disorders affecting the prostaglandin metabolic pathway, have helped bridge this knowledge gap. A broader concept, termed \"prostaglandin-associated enteropathy (PGAE)\", has since emerged, representing a monumental breakthrough in the differential diagnosis of nonspecific small intestinal ulcers. This narrative review focuses on prostaglandin metabolism and chronic intestinal ulcers, including NSAID-induced enteropathy and chronic enteropathies associated with solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 (<i>SLCO2A1</i>) and phospholipase A2 group IVA (<i>PLA2G4A</i>). By unraveling molecular connections and highlighting innovative therapeutic avenues, we aim to advance clinical management and improve the well-being and quality of life for patients with PGAE.</p>","PeriodicalId":51339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Translational Internal Medicine","volume":"14 2","pages":"204-224"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usefulness of core needle biopsy of thyroid for the diagnosis of IgG4 Hashimoto's thyroiditis.","authors":"Chenxu Zhao, Yang Yu, Jumei Liu, Yang Zhang, Lei Chen, Guizhi Lu, Ying Gao","doi":"10.1515/jtim-2026-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jtim-2026-0037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>IgG4-related Hashimoto's thyroiditis (IgG4 HT) is characterized by rapid progression and may be associated with an increased risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The diagnosis of IgG4 HT relies primarily on postoperative pathological analysis. Early identification of IgG4 HT is crucial for guiding patient management. This study assessed the possibility of thyroid core needle biopsy (CNB) in diagnosing IgG4 HT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and twenty HT patients who underwent color Doppler-guided CNB and subsequent thyroid surgery were collected in Peking University First Hospital. Clinical, serological, sonographic, and histopathological features were also collected. The numbers of IgG4 and IgG plasma cells were counted in five high power fields (HPF), then the average numbers of IgG4+ and IgG+ plasma cells per HPF were calculated respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the IgG4 and IgG immunohistochemistry results of 120 surgical specimens, cases were subclassified as IgG4 HT (<i>n</i> = 18) and non-IgG4 HT (<i>n</i> = 102) groups by the thyroid-specific diagnostic criteria (IgG4+ plasma cells > 20/HPF and IgG4+/IgG+ plasma cell ratio > 30%). CNB samples from IgG4 HT patients were subsequently subjected to IgG4/IgG immunostaining. However, only eight of the corresponding CNB tissues met the IgG4 HT diagnostic criteria. The remaining ten patients had IgG4+ positivity ranged in 10-20 cells/HPF and an IgG4+/IgG+ plasma cell ratio ranging from 20% to 67%. Histopathological characteristics of thyroid tissue were consistent between the surgical and CNB samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IgG4/IgG immunostaining of CNB samples derived from thyroid tissue may serve as a valuable tool for supporting the diagnosis of IgG4 HT.</p>","PeriodicalId":51339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Translational Internal Medicine","volume":"14 2","pages":"306-314"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactate modulates microglial M2 polarization <i>via</i> H3K9 lactylation in ischemic stroke.","authors":"Bingwei Li, Kan Xu, Jinlu Yu","doi":"10.1515/jtim-2026-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/jtim-2026-0010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Ischemic stroke triggers pathological neuroinflammation primarily mediated by microglial activation. However, the epigenetic impact of lactate, a metabolite that accumulates during cerebral ischemia, on this process has not been comprehensively investigated. This study aimed to determine whether lactate influences microglial polarization through histone lactylation during prolonged cerebral ischemia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>In vitro</i> models using lactate-treated BV-2 microglia and <i>in vivo</i> models of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice were established. Analyses were conducted at 4 to 12 h post-occlusion. Our comprehensive analysis included H3K9la-targeted CUT& Tag sequencing, Nrf2 promoter-specific ChIP-qPCR, flow cytometry for polarization markers, cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), and neuronal viability assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Under ischemic conditions, lactate markedly increased H3K9 lactylation, with selective enrichment at Nrf2 promoters. This epigenetic modification resulted in a phenotypic shift toward anti-inflammatory M2 states in microglia, both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Mechanistically, H3K9la activated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, effectively suppressing nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling and significantly reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Importantly, conditioned medium derived from lactate-treated microglia mitigated the neurotoxic efects induced by microglia to some extent.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that lactate confers neuroprotection <i>via</i> epigenetic activation of Nrf2 <i>via</i> H3K9la, thereby polarizing microglia towards inflammation-resolving states. This finding uncovers a novel metabolic-epigenetic target for therapeutic intervention in ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":51339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Translational Internal Medicine","volume":"14 2","pages":"276-293"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110458/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}