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Polarizing Feedback Loops on Twitter: Congressional Tweets during the 2022 Midterm Elections 推特上两极分化的反馈回路：2022 年中期选举期间的国会推文
Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231241228924
Patrick Rafail, Whitney E. O’Connell, Emma Sager
{"title":"Polarizing Feedback Loops on Twitter: Congressional Tweets during the 2022 Midterm Elections","authors":"Patrick Rafail, Whitney E. O’Connell, Emma Sager","doi":"10.1177/23780231241228924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231241228924","url":null,"abstract":"Political polarization has proliferated online. Scholars have identified multiple types of polarizing speech, which elicit stronger public reactions on social media platforms. Little research has focused on how social media platforms might hasten growing partisanship among both elites and the public. The authors examine these dynamics using a sample of 134,442 tweets posted by 527 members of Congress in the period surrounding the 2022 midterm elections. Our findings confirm that all types of polarization increase engagement, but party affiliation plays an important role in the process. Polarizing rhetoric from Republicans generally elicits a stronger reaction relative to that from Democrats. The exception is an increase in retweets of issue-based polarization when posted by Democrats. The authors conclude that all politicians are incentivized to adopt a polarizing presence on social media to raise their profiles. The diffusion of polarization may be shaped by partisanship, with the different parties amplifying different types of content.","PeriodicalId":513351,"journal":{"name":"Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World","volume":"31 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140515865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trends of the Delay and Variance of Childbirth Timing by Completed Number of Children 按已生育子女数分列的生育时间推迟趋势和差异
Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231241238142
Ryohei Mogi, Shohei Yoda
{"title":"Trends of the Delay and Variance of Childbirth Timing by Completed Number of Children","authors":"Ryohei Mogi, Shohei Yoda","doi":"10.1177/23780231241238142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231241238142","url":null,"abstract":"The timing of childbirth has undergone significant changes in the past decades. However, it may not be feasible for individuals with many children to further delay the timing of each childbirth given the biological constraints on fecundability and social age deadline for childbirth. Thus, the delay in having children and the increasing heterogeneity in its timing may present different trends when analyzed retrospectively by completed number of children. This study investigates the age at childbirth by birth order among women age 40+ in 17 European countries and Canada based on the number of children they have. Our findings show that individuals having more children tend to have each child at earlier ages, with less variation in timing, compared to the counterparts with fewer children. This suggests that changes in the timing of childbirth are more pronounced among individuals having fewer children and less so among those with having more children.","PeriodicalId":513351,"journal":{"name":"Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140518635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Political Polarization and the Dynamics between Actual Income and Perceived Income Inequality in the United States, 1987 to 2021 1987 年至 2021 年美国的政治两极化以及实际收入与感知收入不平等之间的动态关系
Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231231225580
Cary Wu, Kriti Sharma, Edward Haddon, Francesco Duina
{"title":"Political Polarization and the Dynamics between Actual Income and Perceived Income Inequality in the United States, 1987 to 2021","authors":"Cary Wu, Kriti Sharma, Edward Haddon, Francesco Duina","doi":"10.1177/23780231231225580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231231225580","url":null,"abstract":"The rich often perceive lower levels of inequality than the poor. In recent decades, however, notions regarding the equality or inequality of our society have progressively taken on a more political nature. Consequently, people’s perceptions of income inequality may be less associated with their actual income status and more with their political ideology. The authors visualize this “political turn” using data from the U.S. General Social Survey (1987–2021). The analysis shows that historically actual income and perceived inequality had an inverse relationship, independent of political alignment. Yet since 2000, this has changed: whereas Republicans show a deepening inverse correlation after some attenuation in prior years, Democrats reverse it. With this said, we see an increase in overall concern about inequality among those who identify strongly with either Democratic or Republican ideologies, but importantly the biggest increase is among those in the Democratic group. This invites reflections on the nature of the “political turn.”","PeriodicalId":513351,"journal":{"name":"Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139537154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Changes in Americans’ Views on Who Should Provide and Pay for Assistance to Older Adults with Activity Limitations, 2012 to 2022 2012 年至 2022 年美国人对由谁为活动受限老年人提供援助和支付援助费用的看法的变化
Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231231225574
Sarah E. Patterson, Adriana M. Reyes
{"title":"Changes in Americans’ Views on Who Should Provide and Pay for Assistance to Older Adults with Activity Limitations, 2012 to 2022","authors":"Sarah E. Patterson, Adriana M. Reyes","doi":"10.1177/23780231231225574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231231225574","url":null,"abstract":"An aging U.S. population means more older adults in need of care over time. Although government programs that supply financial support for older adults receive high levels of backing, social norms dictate that when it comes to care, families should be held responsible. Although families do provide most of the care older adults receive, it can often be in balance with more formal provisions such as paid care. However, there is a divide between what older people themselves feel is best compared with other groups. The authors ask, What are American attitudes toward the provision of elder care and payment for such care, how have these attitudes changed in the past decade, and are there differences by age? The authors use cross-sectional data from the 2012 and 2022 General Social Survey and find that younger adults were more likely to support government provision and payment for elder care over time.","PeriodicalId":513351,"journal":{"name":"Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World","volume":"50 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139634513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diversity and Dynamics in Care Networks of Older Americans 美国老年人护理网络的多样性和动态性
Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231231223906
Zhiyong Lin
{"title":"Diversity and Dynamics in Care Networks of Older Americans","authors":"Zhiyong Lin","doi":"10.1177/23780231231223906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231231223906","url":null,"abstract":"Despite growing interest in exploring caregiving alternatives beyond traditional models, limited research has focused on the diverse care networks that provide assistance to older adults. The aim of this study is to illuminate the complexity of older adults’ care networks by developing a typology that considers care from various sources. Using latent class analysis on longitudinal data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study, the authors identify five distinct care network types: spousal care, care exclusively from children, care from both children and other sources, self-care with assistive technology, and care exclusively from nonfamily sources. Further analysis, including multinomial logistic regression and latent transition analysis, reveals that when a spouse is available, older adults, particularly older men, are more likely to rely on spousal care. However, in cases in which spouses and/or children are unavailable, older adults are inclined to turn to diverse care networks involving nontraditional caregivers or resort to self-care using assistive technologies. Additionally, declining health conditions are associated with a higher likelihood of receiving care from more varied care networks. This underscores the evolving nature of care arrangements in response to changing family structures and health needs.","PeriodicalId":513351,"journal":{"name":"Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World","volume":"46 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139634752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Studying Travel Networks Using Establishment Covisit Networks in Online Review Data 利用在线评论数据中的机构ovisit网络研究旅行网络
Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231241228917
Balázs Kovács
{"title":"Studying Travel Networks Using Establishment Covisit Networks in Online Review Data","authors":"Balázs Kovács","doi":"10.1177/23780231241228917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231241228917","url":null,"abstract":"Whenever someone posts an online review of a restaurant, museum, or barbershop, they also leave a trace of where they traveled. The author visualizes travel patterns in 11 North American metropolitan areas using geolocated review data. The data are based on approximately 7 million online Yelp.com reviews posted by 2 million reviewers between 2005 and 2020. First, the author demonstrates how individual travel patterns can be mapped using the review data and discusses the potential applications of such individual-level data. The author then turns to aggregate-level maps, creating establishment covisit networks in which two establishments are linked if multiple reviewers visit both. Maps of establishment covisits reveal various intriguing patterns related to consumption and geography, such as the connections between neighborhoods and the centralization and segregation within a metropolitan area. Establishment covisit maps can also inform researchers about the diffusion of ideas and practices, trends in crime, and gentrification.","PeriodicalId":513351,"journal":{"name":"Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World","volume":"140 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140521534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“They Need to Go in There”: Criminalized Subjectivity among Formerly Incarcerated Black Men "他们需要进去"：曾被监禁的黑人男子的犯罪主观性
Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231231224630
Lucius Couloute
{"title":"“They Need to Go in There”: Criminalized Subjectivity among Formerly Incarcerated Black Men","authors":"Lucius Couloute","doi":"10.1177/23780231231224630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231231224630","url":null,"abstract":"Black people are overrepresented in the American criminal justice system, yet policy-based criminal justice research has historically ignored the perspectives of criminalized Black people. Using interviews with 27 formerly incarcerated Black men, the author helps address this issue by exploring how carceral experiences produce “criminalized subjectivities.” In particular, when explicitly asked about what they would say to powerful state officials about their contact with the criminal justice system, the Black men in this study described a range of practices and policies they viewed as unfair and contradictory. Interviewees discussed: unequal judicial processes, inhumane prison conditions, postimprisonment barriers to reintegration, and the rigged nature of racialized mass criminalization. The author argues that, taken together, their responses constitute a critical perspective urging structural (rather than individual-level) change, rooted in experiences with invisibilization and criminalization.","PeriodicalId":513351,"journal":{"name":"Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World","volume":"23 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139631481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
We Got Our Guy!: Populist Attitudes after Populists Gain Power 我们得到了我们的人民粹主义者掌权后的态度
Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231241234638
Yuchen Luo
{"title":"We Got Our Guy!: Populist Attitudes after Populists Gain Power","authors":"Yuchen Luo","doi":"10.1177/23780231241234638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231241234638","url":null,"abstract":"Research on populist attitudes and populist leaders’ narratives has largely overlooked what happens to populist attitudes after a populist is elected, especially among the populist’s supporters. Existing literature points to two possible directions of change. On one hand, if populist attitudes stem from a perceived lack of representation, then we would expect people’s populist attitudes to decrease once their preferred candidate is in power. On the other hand, scholars have observed that populist politicians in power continue to deploy populist rhetoric, suggesting that their supporters’ populist attitudes should stay constant or even increase. In this project, the author focuses on Donald Trump and his supporters to explore this mechanism. Drawing on a national survey conducted around the 2016 and 2020 elections, the author shows that Trump’s supporters saw a significant decrease in populist attitudes after he came into power compared with both other American voters and other Republicans. The author also demonstrates that this decrease in populist attitudes is associated with changes in the level of “feeling represented.” On the basis of these findings, the author argues that populist attitudes are driven by feelings of lack of representation over other mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":513351,"journal":{"name":"Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World","volume":"6 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140518596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Visualizing Concentrations of Couples and Same-Sex Couples across U.S. Counties 可视化美国各县夫妻和同性夫妻的集中情况
Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231231222772
Francesca A. Marino, K. Westrick-Payne, Wendy D. Manning, Susan L. Brown
{"title":"Visualizing Concentrations of Couples and Same-Sex Couples across U.S. Counties","authors":"Francesca A. Marino, K. Westrick-Payne, Wendy D. Manning, Susan L. Brown","doi":"10.1177/23780231231222772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231231222772","url":null,"abstract":"The 2020 decennial census provides a unique opportunity to directly count same-sex couples using a revised household roster, and its recently released Demographic and Housing Characteristics File offers county-level data on the concentration of same-sex couples. As county-level data can unveil more nuanced geographic patterns than state-level data, the authors examine within-state variation using two maps of county-level quartiles to compare the percentages of individuals in unions among the population and same-sex unions among all unions. The findings reveal that concentrations of same-sex couples are not necessarily driven by the percentages of individuals in unions. These patterns suggest that the social location of same-sex couples is not determined solely by the area’s couple configuration but by other factors. To help illuminate these factors, future research should explore whether the counties with high shares of couples but low shares of same-sex couples are also areas where inclusivity tends to be lagging.","PeriodicalId":513351,"journal":{"name":"Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139458160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Intersections among Race, Religion, and Science in Explaining Mental Health Conditions 解释心理健康问题时种族、宗教和科学之间的交集
Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23780231231225543
Daniel Bolger, Andrea K. Henderson, Bianca Mabute-Louie, Elaine Howard Ecklund
{"title":"The Intersections among Race, Religion, and Science in Explaining Mental Health Conditions","authors":"Daniel Bolger, Andrea K. Henderson, Bianca Mabute-Louie, Elaine Howard Ecklund","doi":"10.1177/23780231231225543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231231225543","url":null,"abstract":"Racial minority groups in the United States often seek out religious support for mental health struggles. Yet past studies have often overlooked religion as a key explanatory factor shaping racial-ethnic differences in perceptions of mental health conditions such as depression and anxiety. The authors examine whether views of the relationship between religion and science shape agreement with different explanations for mental health conditions. Drawing on a national probability survey collected in 2021 ( n = 3,390), the authors find that individuals who draw boundaries between religion and science had higher odds of rejecting biological and social explanations of mental health conditions, whereas individuals who see religion and science as collaborative had higher odds of affirming biological and social explanations. Belief that we trust science too much (and religion not enough) helped explain Black respondents’ support for religious explanations. The findings underscore the importance of beliefs about religion and science in understanding racial-ethnic differences in views of mental health.","PeriodicalId":513351,"journal":{"name":"Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World","volume":"46 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140518218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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