Acta Amazonica最新文献_第9页

Soil phosphorus fractions and their relation to leaf litterfall in a central Amazonian terra firme rainforest 亚马逊中部热带雨林土壤磷组分及其与凋落叶的关系

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202103471

Emily Darc Andrade dos Santos, D. Tng, D. Apgaua, Raul Reis Assunção, A. Manzi

{"title":"Soil phosphorus fractions and their relation to leaf litterfall in a central Amazonian terra firme rainforest","authors":"Emily Darc Andrade dos Santos, D. Tng, D. Apgaua, Raul Reis Assunção, A. Manzi","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202103471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202103471","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Phosphorus (P) cycling is an important yet poorly studied aspect of the macronutrient balance in tropical rainforest ecosystems. As soil P occurs in different organic and inorganic forms (fractions) with varying degrees of lability, we hypothesized that these fractions will vary between soil types, and temporally within soil types. Additionally, we hypothesized a direct influence of leaf litterfall P input on soil total P and soil P fractions. We collected soil and leaf litter samples from three soil types in a central Amazonian lowland rainforest in Brazil over five months, and used a modified Hedleys fractionation method to determine six organic and inorganic soil P fractions, and also total, labile and residual P. Leaf litterfall P concentrations were determined colorimetrically. Soil inorganic and organic P fractions varied between soil types and across months, but soil type and month interactions were mostly non-significant. Some inorganic P fractions (Pi-NaOH) peaked while the organic fractions (Po-NaOH) fell and vice versa. Leaf litterfall production and leaf litterfall P input peaked around two months following the wettest month. Leaf litterfall P input was a significant predictor of Po-NaHCO3, a bioavailable P fraction. Future studies on P cycling in terrestrial ecosystems should examine the roles played by individual soil P fractions as they cycle asynchronistically and differently across soil types.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43153558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Behind the forest restoration scene: a socio-economic, technical-scientific and political snapshot in Amazonas, Brazil 森林恢复场景的背后:巴西亚马逊地区的社会经济、技术科学和政治快照

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202100372

Mariana Condé Marques, G. P. Calvi, H. Pritchard, I. Ferraz

{"title":"Behind the forest restoration scene: a socio-economic, technical-scientific and political snapshot in Amazonas, Brazil","authors":"Mariana Condé Marques, G. P. Calvi, H. Pritchard, I. Ferraz","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202100372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202100372","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Conservation of the Amazon rainforest is a global concern and is supported by the Brazilian government’s ratification of the Bonn Challenge and Paris Agreement and the introduction of national regulations on vegetation protection and restoration. Amazonas is the largest and least deforested of the states occupied by the Brazilian Amazon (< 3%). We carried out a survey on the current state and growth potential of seed and seedling production in Amazonas state, pointing out constraints where future investment can promote the achievement of large-scale restoration commitments. We visited the 35 officially registered seed producers or nurseries working with native seeds and interviewed their owners or managers using open and closed questions. Enterprises were mainly privately-owned family businesses with small production (10,001 - 100,000 seedlings per year) and concentrated in the metropolitan area of the state capital Manaus. We uncovered a further 54 non-officially registered nurseries. Annual production (2018) was almost four tons of seeds and nearly ten million seedlings. According to the owners, production could be increased five to seven times with existing infrastructure. Production is focused foremost on species for food production (48% seeds, 74% seedlings), while ecological restoration only makes up 35% of seed and 8% of seedling use. Major bottlenecks cited by the producers were low demand for native tree species, high transportation costs and excessive bureaucracy. To achieve large-scale restoration, we recommend enforcement of national policies for vegetation protection and restoration, and a restructuring of the seed and seedling sector with a bottom-up approach.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45137759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Effects of fire on soil organic matter in northern Amazonian forest fragments 火灾对亚马逊北部森林碎片土壤有机质的影响

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202100133

Libério Junio da Silva, D. Dick, D. Neckel, G. N. Nóbrega, R. Rodrigues, R. Barbosa, R. C. Cordeiro

{"title":"Effects of fire on soil organic matter in northern Amazonian forest fragments","authors":"Libério Junio da Silva, D. Dick, D. Neckel, G. N. Nóbrega, R. Rodrigues, R. Barbosa, R. C. Cordeiro","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202100133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202100133","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Forest fires incorporate pyrogenic organic matter into the soil, affecting the characteristics of soil organic matter (SOM) due to its high aromaticity, increasing its renewal time. However, the factors that control the concentration of pyrogenic organic matter and its chemical composition and structure are still little known. Forest fragments dispersed in a savanna matrix of the northern Brazilian Amazon are frequently impacted by fires, which can affect the composition of SOM within the fragments. The aim of this study was to analyse the chemical composition of SOM in the border and interior of six forest fragments in the Roraima savanna, in the northern Brazilian Amazon. Soil samples were collected at 10-cm intervals up to 1 m in depth at the border and in the interior of each fragment. Soil organic material concentration was determined with 10% HF solution and its elemental composition, thermogravimetric index, and 13C CPMAS NMR spectroscopic analysis were determined. There was no significant difference in the aromaticity index between border and interior. The concentration of alkyl C structures between border (22 to 25%) and interior (19 to 29%) indicated the occurrence of medium-intensity fires in the study area. The thermogravimetric analysis showed no significant difference in the thermal stability of SOM between border and interior. Our results showed no pronounced difference in SOM quality up to 1 m depth between the border and the interior of the evaluated forest fragments, indicating that this compartment is stable throughout the fragments.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45914009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Interspecific foraging association between the cryptic forest-falcon, Micrastur mintoni and primates in an Amazon rainforest in Brazil 在巴西的亚马逊雨林中，隐森林猎鹰、米托尼和灵长类动物之间的种间觅食关系

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202101362

F. K. Ubaid, Renata Beco

引用次数: 1

First evidence of frugivory in Gardnerycteris crenulatum (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) crenulatum garnerycteris frugative的首个证据(翼翅目:叶蝉科)

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202102151

Dennis Castillo-Figueroa, Bryan A. TARRÁ-JARAMILLO, Monica Peñuela-Salgado, C. A. Giraldo-Martínez, C. H. Rodríguez-León

引用次数: 0

Innate immunity gene expression profiles in conjunctival membrane biopsies from Amazonian buffalo 亚马逊水牛结膜活检中先天免疫基因表达谱

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202100893

L. Paredes, W. Pereira, Ranna Sousa, M. M. Bernal, R. C. Guimarães, E. F. Mesquita, Cintia L. Santos, E. Barbosa, H. G. S. Favacho, M. Huffman, E. S. Silva Filho

{"title":"Innate immunity gene expression profiles in conjunctival membrane biopsies from Amazonian buffalo","authors":"L. Paredes, W. Pereira, Ranna Sousa, M. M. Bernal, R. C. Guimarães, E. F. Mesquita, Cintia L. Santos, E. Barbosa, H. G. S. Favacho, M. Huffman, E. S. Silva Filho","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202100893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202100893","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Domestic buffalo production plays an economically important role in the Brazilian Amazon, but they are susceptible to many diseases favored by the tropical climate and annually flooded habitats, including ocular diseases. In this context, it is important to select genotypes that maximize innate ocular immunity in Amazonian herds. We aimed to characterise, for the first time, gene expression profiles of the innate immune system in the conjunctival membrane of buffalo. Ocular conjunctival tissue samples were collected from 60 clinically healthy slaughtered animals in the northern Brazilian state of Amapá. The samples were histologically processed for classification into three groups according to the quantitative degree of lymphoid tissue associated with the conjunctiva (discrete, G1; slight, G2; and moderate, G3 presence of lymphoid tissue). RT-PCR was used to quantify gene expression of inflammatory cytokine (IL6, IL10, TNFA, IFNG), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and Defensin beta 110 (DEFB110), relative to the endogenous GAPDH gene. G1 animals presented low expression for IL6, IL10, TNFA, and DEFB110, while G2 exhibited high expression for IL6, IL10, IFNG, and TLR4. All G3 animals showed high expression for all tested genes. These results suggest a greater resistance to pathogenic microorganisms of buffalos in the G3 group, and the proportion of lymphoid tissue associated with the conjunctiva may be related to the immune resistance of individuals.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46150552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pre-copulatory bite wounds as evidence of aggressive competition for mating in the neotropical freshwater stingray Potamotrygon motoro 新热带淡水黄貂鱼交配前的咬伤作为交配激烈竞争的证据

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202101762

Akemi Shibuya, W. Duncan

引用次数: 2

Digital elevation modeling through forests: the challenge of the Amazon 森林数字高程建模：亚马逊的挑战

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202103091

L. Polidori, C. R. Caldeira, Maël Smessaert, M. Hage

引用次数: 3

Copaiba (Copaifera reticulata) oleoresin reduces voluntary alcohol intake in rats Copaiba (Copaifera reticulata)油树脂减少大鼠自愿酒精摄入量

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202102342

R. Pulcinelli, Clara L D Giustina, Solange Bandiera, F. B. Almeida, L. Izolan, M. Nin, M. Leal, R. Gomez

{"title":"Copaiba (Copaifera reticulata) oleoresin reduces voluntary alcohol intake in rats","authors":"R. Pulcinelli, Clara L D Giustina, Solange Bandiera, F. B. Almeida, L. Izolan, M. Nin, M. Leal, R. Gomez","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202102342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202102342","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Copaiba oleoresin, extracted from the Copaifera reticulata tree, has been used as a remedy in popular medicine in the Brazilian Amazon for various purposes, including reducing drug abuse. Yet no studies evaluated the effect of repeated administration of copaiba oil on alcohol consumption in animals. To evaluate this effect, we divided adult male Wistar rats into a) an alcohol group in which the animals had free access to choose between two bottles: one containing alcohol solution (20%) and another containing vehicle solution (0.2% saccharin); and b) a control group with access to two bottles containing vehicle solution. Rats were free to drink 24 h per day, for 35 days. Daily alcohol consumption and weekly body weight gain and food intake were monitored. From day 22, half of the rats in each group received 600 mg kg-1 copaiba oleoresin and the other received vehicle, subcutaneously, once a day, for three days. On day 35, rats were evaluated in an open-field test. The results showed that copaiba oil decreased voluntary alcohol intake and preference between days 2 and 6 after the last administration. Copaiba treatment also decreased the food intake and body weight gain in both alcohol and control groups without changing behaviors in the open-field test. Therefore, copaiba oil was able to reduce voluntary alcohol consumption in rats and could be tested in humans as an adjuvant to treat alcohol use disorder.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43746312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First record of leucism in the polychromatic Amazon tree boa, Corallus hortulana (Serpentes, Boidae) of South America 南美洲多色亚马逊树蟒蛇（Corallus hortulana，蛇科，Boidae）亮氨酸的首次记录

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202102173

I. Y. Fernandes, Audrey Dahan, Benoît Fiot

引用次数: 1