Acta Amazonica最新文献_第10页

Mercury in muscle and liver of Plagioscion squamosissimus (Acanthuriformes: Sciaenidae) from the Machado River, Brazilian Amazon 巴西亚马孙河马查多河鳞棘鱼肌肉和肝脏中的汞含量

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202001032

I. D. Costa, E. L. Nascimento, Missilene Silva de Almeida Faccheti, N. Nunes, João Paulo B. Gomes, R. Almeida, W. Bastos

{"title":"Mercury in muscle and liver of Plagioscion squamosissimus (Acanthuriformes: Sciaenidae) from the Machado River, Brazilian Amazon","authors":"I. D. Costa, E. L. Nascimento, Missilene Silva de Almeida Faccheti, N. Nunes, João Paulo B. Gomes, R. Almeida, W. Bastos","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202001032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202001032","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Machado River is the main tributary of the Madeira River in the state of Rondônia, a region that has been impacted by deforestation, livestock, urban development, alluvial gold mining and urban and industrial effluents that likely contribute to the introduction of mercury (Hg) in the aquatic system. We aimed to determine the concentrations of total Hg (THg) in muscle and liver of Plagioscion squamosissimus, a main fishing resource in the region. Fish were sampled for two years at five sites, along a 90-km stretch of the middle Machado River. THg concentrations were analyzed in 64 muscle and 54 liver samples by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FIMS-400). THg levels were related with fish size and sex and with periods of the hydrological cycle. THg concentrations in both organs were positively and significantly related with fish body size. There was no significant variation in THg among periods of the hydrological cycle. Mean THg concentrations in muscle (1.09 ± 0.72 mg kg-1) and liver (1.28 ± 1.23 mg kg-1) were higher than the limit established by the WHO. Our results suggest that residual mercury from former alluvial gold extraction and lixiviation of mercury naturally occurring in the soil due to large-scale deforestaion is accumulating in the aquatic food chain in the Machado River. We conclude that it is necessary to monitor the levels of mercury in commercially important fish species in the region.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42199491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fast and novel botanical exploration of a 320-km transect in eastern Amazonia using DNA barcoding 使用DNA条形码对亚马逊东部320公里样带进行快速新颖的植物学探索

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202101413

W. Milliken, G. Odonne, J. Engel, F. L. Tourneau, Uxue Suescun, J. Chave

{"title":"Fast and novel botanical exploration of a 320-km transect in eastern Amazonia using DNA barcoding","authors":"W. Milliken, G. Odonne, J. Engel, F. L. Tourneau, Uxue Suescun, J. Chave","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202101413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202101413","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We explored a 320-km transect in the Tumucumaque mountain range along the border between southern French Guiana and Brazil, sampling all trees and lianas with DBH ≥ 10 cm in seven 25 x 25-m plots installed near seven boundary milestones. We isolated DNA from cambium tissue and sequenced two DNA barcodes (rbcLa and matK) to aid in species identification. We also collected fertile herbarium specimens from other species (trees/shrubs/herbs) inside and outside the plots. The selected DNA barcodes were useful at the family level but failed to identify specimens at the species level. Based on DNA barcoding identification, the most abundant families in the plots were Burseraceae, Fabaceae, Meliaceae, Moraceae, Myristicaceae and Sapotaceae. One third of the images of sampled plants posted on the iNaturalist website were identified by the community to species level. New approaches, including the sequencing of the ITS region and fast evolving DNA plastid regions, remain to be tested for their utility in the identification of specimens at lower taxonomic levels in floristic inventories in the Amazon region.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48249897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Production of kraft pulp from Ochroma pyramidale wood 用吡喃木生产硫酸盐浆

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202101011

Rafaeli Valério da Silva, G. V. Cardoso, Francides Gomes da Silva Júnior, D. M. Stangerlin, R. Melo, M. Coelho, A. Pimenta

{"title":"Production of kraft pulp from Ochroma pyramidale wood","authors":"Rafaeli Valério da Silva, G. V. Cardoso, Francides Gomes da Silva Júnior, D. M. Stangerlin, R. Melo, M. Coelho, A. Pimenta","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202101011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202101011","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Brazil stands out in the international scenario in the production of short-fiber pulp. Despite the great Brazilian biodiversity, that production is based on exotic Eucalyptus clones. In this sense, there may be great potential in the assessment of new sources of fibers from the Brazilian flora, including the Amazon. The present study aimed to assess the technical potential of the wood of Ochroma pyramidale (Malvaceae) for the production of kraft pulp. Four-year-old trees were harvested from a commercial forest for lumber production in Mato Grosso state (Brazil). We determined the wood’s chemical compositions (holocellulose, Klason lignin, soluble lignin, extractives and ash contents), physical properties (density and porosity), and fiber morphology (fiber length, width and thickness, lumen diameter, wall fraction, coefficient of flexibility, and slenderness and Runkel ratios). The wood was subjected to pulping with an effective alkali charge ranging from 10 to 24%, with intervals of 2%. Ochroma pyramidale wood presented characteristics favorable to the production of cellulosic pulp, such as appropriate fiber dimensions and low lignin, extractives, and ash content. The amount of residual active alkali and pH of the black liquor were positively related to the increase of the alkali charge employed in the pulping process. The increase of alkali charge decreased the pulp yield, kappa number and waste content, and increased the hexenuronic acid concentration.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49545666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Brazilian Amazonian palm-stem types and uses: a review 巴西亚马逊河流域棕榈茎的类型和用途综述

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202004682

T. Kikuchi, C. Callado

{"title":"Brazilian Amazonian palm-stem types and uses: a review","authors":"T. Kikuchi, C. Callado","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202004682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202004682","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Palms may be an important source of renewable raw material to replace wood, however, the uses of the stems of native species of the Brazil are known only at the local or regional level. We carried out a literature review on the traditional knowledge of the uses of the stems of palm species native to the Amazon biome in Brazil, and related the types of uses with morphological characteristics of the stems. The review resulted in information on 45 species with solitary or cespitose stems, and six stem-size types: tall (15 species), medium-short (3), medium (5), small (17), acaulescent (1) and climbing (4). We found 80 indications of stem use in seven categories and 14 subcategories. A similarity analysis showed that, in general, tall, medium-short, medium, small (≥ 10 cm in diameter) and climbing stem types, solitary or cespitous, are used for construction, furniture, handicrafts, utensils, tools and musical instruments. Only small stems (< 10 cm diameter) are used to manufacture weapons for hunting and fishing, and climbing stems are used in the manufacture of ropes. Stems of Socratea exorrhiza, Euterpe oleracea and Desmoncus polyacanthos are the most frequently used to meet subsistence needs in traditional communities in the Brazilian Amazon. Our findings indicate that there is a potential for use of several native palm stems as sources for alternative materials in the manufacture industry and as sustainable income sources for Amazonian communities.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46831956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wood and bark water content and monthly stem growth in Amazonian tree species 亚马逊树种的木材和树皮含水量和月茎生长

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202100754

D. P. Dias, R. A. Marenco

{"title":"Wood and bark water content and monthly stem growth in Amazonian tree species","authors":"D. P. Dias, R. A. Marenco","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202100754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202100754","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The knowledge of how trees respond to microclimate variability is important in the face of climate changes. The objectives of this study were to examine the variation in wood water content (WWC) and bark water content (BWC) in Amazonian trees, as well as to assess the effect of microclimatic variability on monthly diameter growth rates (DGR). We extracted a core sample from each of 120 trees (28 species) and determined WWC and BWC on a fresh matter basis. DGR was measured monthly during the 12 months of 2007. The effect of microclimatic variability on DGR was analyzed by redundancy analysis. Average BWC and WWC were 53.4% and 34.7%, respectively, with a large variation in stem water content among species (BWC = 36.2−67.1%; WWC = 26.4−50.8%). There was no significant relationship between stem diameter and WWC or BWC, nor between DGR and wood density (p > 0.05). However, wood density was negatively correlated with WWC (r s = −0.69, p < 0.001). The high BWC emphasizes the importance of the bark tissue in Amazonian trees. Contrary to expectations, variability of monthly irradiance, rainfall and temperature had no effect on DGR (p > 0.20). The unresponsiveness of DGR to microclimatic variability, even in an above-average rainy year such as 2007, indicates that other parts of the tree may have greater priority than the stem for carbon allocation during the dry season.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42568245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Identity of Gymnophthalmus (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from northeastern Amazonia with evidence for G. underwoodi as invasive in Belém 来自亚马逊东北部的裸眼菌（Squamata：裸眼菌亚科）的身份和G.underwoodi在贝伦的入侵证据

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202101471

A. O. Maciel, I. Araújo, Geraldo R. Lima-Filho, Felipe M. R. Castro, L. D. S. Nascimento, M. V. D. Santos, A. Prudente, M. Sturaro

引用次数: 0

Impacts of a large hydroelectric dam on the Madeira River (Brazil) on floodplain avifauna 马德拉河（巴西）上一座大型水电站大坝对泛滥平原鸟类的影响

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202100662

Tomaz Nascimendo de Melo, M. Cerqueira, Fernando M. d'Horta, H. Tuomisto, J. V. Doninck, C. C. Ribas

{"title":"Impacts of a large hydroelectric dam on the Madeira River (Brazil) on floodplain avifauna","authors":"Tomaz Nascimendo de Melo, M. Cerqueira, Fernando M. d'Horta, H. Tuomisto, J. V. Doninck, C. C. Ribas","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202100662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202100662","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Hydroelectric dams represent an important threat to seasonally flooded environments in the Amazon basin. We aimed to evaluate how a dam in the Madeira River, one of the largest tributaries of the Amazonas River, affected floodplain avifauna. Bird occurrence was recorded through simultaneous passive acoustic monitoring in early successional vegetation and floodplain forest downstream from the dam and upstream in sites impacted by permanent flooding after dam reservoir filling. Species were identified through manual inspection and semi-automated classification of the recordings. To assess the similarity in vegetation between downstream and upstream sites, we used Landsat TM/ETM+ composite images from before (2009-2011) and after (2016-2018) reservoir filling. Downstream and upstream floodplain forest sites were similar before, but not after dam construction. Early successional vegetation sites were already different before dam construction. We recorded 195 bird species. While species richness did not differ between upstream and downstream sites, species composition differed significantly. Ten species were indicators of early successional vegetation upstream, and four downstream. Ten species were indicators of floodplain forest upstream, and 31 downstream. Seven of 24 floodplain specialist species were detected by the semi-automated classification only upstream. While we found some bird species characteristic of early successional vegetation in the upstream sites, we did not find most species characteristic of tall floodplain forest. Predominantly carnivorous, insectivorous, and nectarivorous species appear to have been replaced by generalist and widely distributed species.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49460084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Effect of Amazonian tree species on soil and pasture quality in silvopastoral systems 亚马逊树种对森林畜牧系统土壤和牧场质量的影响

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202004692

A. Olival, Saulo Eduardo Xavier Franco de Souza, Jozivaldo Prudêncio Gomes de Moraes, M. Campana

{"title":"Effect of Amazonian tree species on soil and pasture quality in silvopastoral systems","authors":"A. Olival, Saulo Eduardo Xavier Franco de Souza, Jozivaldo Prudêncio Gomes de Moraes, M. Campana","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202004692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202004692","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT With the expansion of livestock in the Amazon region, a high percentage of pasture areas are degraded and unproductive. Novel strategies are needed, including the use of native tree species, to simultaneously achieve economic and ecosystem benefits. This study aimed at assessing the effects of five multipurpose native tree species on soil fertility and forage quality of Urochloa brizantha pastures in the southern Amazon. Soil and forage samples were collected under the crown and adjacent to 25 isolated trees belonging to five species during a dry and a rainy season. The presence of native trees positively affected the level of potassium, calcium and manganese in the soil, as well as the mineral matter and crude protein of the forage, especially in the dry season, suggesting a protective effect against the seasonal drought. The tree species had variable effects on soil fertility and forage quality. Soil under Apeiba tibourbou had higher potassium levels, while the forage under Handroanthus serratifolius had higher protein and fiber content. Our results indicate that it is important to diversify silvopastoral systems in the Amazon through the use of native tree species, contributing to the design of novel silvopastoral strategies in the region. Common multipurpose tree species with widespread natural distribution could be used as a complementary aspect of pasture management to provide a protective effect against drought, contribute to enhanced nutrient cycling and even increase forage quality.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49484488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Species-rich but defaunated: the case of medium and large-bodied mammals in a sustainable use protected area in the Amazon 物种丰富但不受重视:亚马逊可持续利用保护区的中型和大型哺乳动物的案例

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202101481

D. Rosa, C. R. Brocardo, Clarissa Rosa, A. B. Castro, D. Norris, R. Fadini

{"title":"Species-rich but defaunated: the case of medium and large-bodied mammals in a sustainable use protected area in the Amazon","authors":"D. Rosa, C. R. Brocardo, Clarissa Rosa, A. B. Castro, D. Norris, R. Fadini","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202101481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202101481","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Neotropical medium and large-bodied mammals are key elements in forest ecosystems, and protected areas are essential for their conservation. In Brazil, sustainable use protected areas (SU-PAs) allow both the conservation of biodiversity and the sustainable use of natural resources, especially in the Amazon region. However, SU-PAs usually suffer both internal and external pressures, and may be subject to variable degrees of defaunation. We sampled mammals using camera traps in two areas with different forest management and human occupation history in the Tapajós National Forest (TNF), in the western Amazon. Overall, we recorded a rich assemblage of medium and large-sized mammals, though both areas differed in species composition. The area with older and more intense human occupation and forest exploitation had more independent records of generalist species, while large species such as Tapirus terrestris and Panthera onca were recorded exclusively in the area with lower human occupation and no forest management. A comparison of our results with similar studies in other Amazonian sites suggests a reduction in the population size of large-bodied mammals, such as Tapirus terrestris and Tayassu pecari, likely in response to increased human activities. Local differences in human occupation within and between protected areas are common in the Amazon, demanding area-specific actions from public authorities to minimize impacts on wildlife caused by human activities. Specifically in TNF, we recommend long-term monitoring of the responses of mammals to human activities, to better subsidize conservation and management actions.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49013397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Osteophagia by Nasutitermes guayanae (Blattodea: Isoptera: Termitidae) on human bone remains in the Andean Amazon, Caquetá, Colombia 哥伦比亚卡奎特<e:1>安第斯亚马逊河地区人骨残骸上的食骨症(目:等翅目:白蚁科)

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202100961

Y. Ramos‐Pastrana, Eric CÓRDOBA-SUAREZ, M. Wolff

引用次数: 0