Acta Amazonica最新文献_第3页

Ecomorphology and functional diversity of generalist and specialist bird assemblages in Amazonian white-sand ecosystem habitat patches 亚马逊白沙生态系统栖息地斑块中鸟类群落的生态形态与功能多样性

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202203280

G. Lima, S. Borges, M. Anciães, Cintia Cornelius

{"title":"Ecomorphology and functional diversity of generalist and specialist bird assemblages in Amazonian white-sand ecosystem habitat patches","authors":"G. Lima, S. Borges, M. Anciães, Cintia Cornelius","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202203280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202203280","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Birds that inhabit white-sand ecosystems (WSE) in the Amazon are adapted to habitats distributed as isolated patches. These environments occur in sandy soils that are extremely poor in nutrients, have low floristic diversity and support bird assemblages restricted to WSE. We investigated whether bird species specialized in WSE have morphological or ecological traits that distinguish them from generalist birds that share the same habitat but are not restricted to WSE. We collected morphological and ecological data from 22 specialist and 102 generalist bird species from WSE and described their ecomorphological diversity using multivariate analyses and measures of functional diversity. Understory insectivorous species that move alone or in pairs, were the group with the most species among specialist birds from WSE. In contrast, canopy frugivorous species that form mono- or heterospecific groups were more frequent among generalist species. Specialist and generalist birds overlapped extensively in ecomorphological space, with specialists occupying a narrower space compared to generalists. Functional diversity, however, was not different between specialist and generalist species when controlling for the number of species within the communities. Further studies comparing the ecomorphological diversity of bird assemblages of other environments in the Amazon may highlight the ecological pressures leading to the functional diversity of specialist species in WSE observed in this study.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49064963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First record of the largest copro-necrophagous beetle in South America (Coprophanaeus lancifer) feeding on fruits 南美洲最大的粪腐甲虫（Coprophaneus lancifer）以水果为食的首次记录

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202201651

Elena Chaboteaux, Alejandro Lopera Toro, A. Forsyth

引用次数: 2

Streblid flies parasitizing cave bats in Carajás, Amazonia, with a new record for Brazil 寄生在亚马逊卡拉哈斯洞穴蝙蝠身上的条纹苍蝇创下巴西新纪录

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202203460

E. Barbier, E. Bernard

{"title":"Streblid flies parasitizing cave bats in Carajás, Amazonia, with a new record for Brazil","authors":"E. Barbier, E. Bernard","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202203460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202203460","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Streblid flies (Diptera: Streblidae) are hematophagous and highly specialized parasitic insects, found only on bats (Chiroptera). Caves are important roosts for bats but, despite harboring high bat richness, relatively few studies exist on the ecology and biology of streblid flies in cave environments, especially in Amazonia, the largest domain in northern Brazil, with >140 bat species and thousands of caves. To fill some of the gaps in the geographical distribution and interspecific relationships for streblid flies in the region, we sampled bats in six caves in Carajás National Forest, a protected area in Pará state (Brazil). Thirteen of the 14 streblid species found are new records for Carajás, with three new records for Pará state and two for the northern region of Brazil. Nycterophilia fairchildi was recorded for the first time in Brazil. Most streblids had host-specific behavior, however, N. fairchildi, Trichobius caecus, and T. johnsonae were less host-specific, parasitizing different Pteronotus bat species. The gregarious behavior of Pteronotus species and the spatial distribution of their colonies within the caves may be important factors in the flies’ exchange among congener hosts and deserve special attention in future studies. Furthermore, studies on ecological interaction networks between bats and their ectoparasitic flies in caves will be useful for a broader understanding of how this relationship is structured over time and space, as well as its impact on both bats and flies.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42458107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Impacts of scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 on plant physiology in Tapajos National Forest in the Brazilian Amazon using the ED2.2 model 基于ED2.2模型的RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景对巴西亚马逊地区Tapajos国家森林植物生理的影响

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202103184

Luciana Cristina de Sousa Vieira, A. Manzi, Vicente de Paula Silva, P. Satyamurty, Vanessa de A. Dantas, Aldeize da Silva Santos

{"title":"Impacts of scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 on plant physiology in Tapajos National Forest in the Brazilian Amazon using the ED2.2 model","authors":"Luciana Cristina de Sousa Vieira, A. Manzi, Vicente de Paula Silva, P. Satyamurty, Vanessa de A. Dantas, Aldeize da Silva Santos","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202103184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202103184","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Models that simulate the process of stomatal conductance (gs) for a given set of environmental conditions are important, as this process is the main mechanism that controls the gas exchange of terrestrial plants absorbing atmospheric CO2 in tropical forests. Simulations were performed for the Tapajós National Forest, in the western Brazilian Amazon, observing the gs process under the current climate scenario (control) and under the scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 (2071 - 2100), using the ED2.2 ecosystem demography model. The results showed that the lower availability of soil water for the plants reduced photosynthesis due to the closing of the stomata. The model results for gross primary productivity (GPP) are similar to those observed in the field, varying about ≈24 MgC ha-1 year-1 for the rainy season and ≈23 MgC ha-1 year-1 for the dry season (average 2002 to 2010) in the control scenario. In the RCP4.5 scenario, simulated GPP was 30.7 and 30 MgC ha-1year-1 for the rainy and dry season, respectively (30.5 and 25 MgC ha-1year-1, respectively, for the RCP8.5 scenario). Our results also show that there may be a limitation on the increase in biomass carbon with the concentration of CO2, as GPP was lower in RCP8.5, despite this scenario having a higher value of atmospheric CO2 relative to RCP4.5.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67246906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new species of the genus Aegidium Westwood (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Orphninae) from Peru 秘鲁盾叶甲属一新种（鞘翅目：盾叶甲科：盾叶乙科）

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202201980

L. Figueroa, J. Clavijo-Bustos, Jhon César NEITA MORENO

引用次数: 0

Two records of xanthism in Corallus hortulana (Serpentes: Boidae) in Bolivia with comments on the yellow, patternless morphotype 玻利维亚短突珊瑚（蛇科：珊瑚科）黄嘌呤的两个记录及其对黄色无图案形态型的评价

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202201612

L. Rivas, Cord B. Eversole, Ashton V. Crocker, Randy L. Powell

引用次数: 0

Mansoa alliacea extract improves the growth performance and innate immune response of Arapaima gigas challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila and handling stress 甘菊提取物改善了嗜水气单胞菌侵染和应激条件下巨噬木鱼的生长性能和先天免疫反应

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202101231

M. K. Dias, E. T. Yoshioka, Anselmo F R Rodriguez, R. A. Ribeiro, C. P. Fernandes, Rodrigo Otávio Almeida Ozório, M. Tavares‐Dias

{"title":"Mansoa alliacea extract improves the growth performance and innate immune response of Arapaima gigas challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila and handling stress","authors":"M. K. Dias, E. T. Yoshioka, Anselmo F R Rodriguez, R. A. Ribeiro, C. P. Fernandes, Rodrigo Otávio Almeida Ozório, M. Tavares‐Dias","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202101231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202101231","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with Mansoa alliacea hydroalcoholic extracts on growth, blood and immune parameters of Arapaima gigas. Fish were fed for 30 days with diets enriched with 0, 4, 8, and 12 g kg-1 of M. alliacea hydroalcoholic extract and subjected to infection with Aeromonas hydrophila and handling stress. Fish fed with 8 g kg-1 of extract showed significant increase in final weight, specific growth rate and feed efficiency when compared to the other groups. Glucose, triglycerides, total proteins, and globulins increased significantly in fish fed with 8 g kg-1 of extract, whereas albumin decreased. The number of thrombocytes increased significantly with the dietary supplementation of 8 and 12 g kg-1 of extract. After the challenge with A. hydrophila and handling stress, fish fed with 8 g kg-1 of extract had significantly higher levels of glucose, globulins, and albumins, and fish fed with 8 and 12 g kg-1 of extract showed an increment of respiratory burst. Triglyceride levels dropped significantly in fish fed with 4, 8, and 12 g kg-1 of extract, whereas the number of neutrophils increased, and total thrombocytes, leukocytes and lymphocytes were higher in fish fed with 12 g kg-1 of extract. Dietary supplementation with M. alliacea extract at 8 g kg-1 was efficient in improving the growth and innate immunity of A. gigas, being potentially useful in fish farming to control the development of A. hydrophila infections.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42469507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Microplastic occurrence in fish species from the Iquitos region in Peru, western Amazonia 微塑料在西亚马逊地区秘鲁伊基托斯地区鱼类中的出现

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202201212

Rommel R. Rojas, C. ARANGO-MORA, Christian Nolorbe-Payahua, Mishelly Medina, M. Vásquez, Josias Flores, Fiorela Murayari, Claudia Vásquez, Valeri de Almeida, Wilfredo Ramos, Enrique RIOS ISERN, Jorge MARAPARA DEL AGUILA, J. C. Castro, Javier DEL ÁGUILA, Felicia DIAZ JARAMA, Maria VASCONCELOS-SOUZA

{"title":"Microplastic occurrence in fish species from the Iquitos region in Peru, western Amazonia","authors":"Rommel R. Rojas, C. ARANGO-MORA, Christian Nolorbe-Payahua, Mishelly Medina, M. Vásquez, Josias Flores, Fiorela Murayari, Claudia Vásquez, Valeri de Almeida, Wilfredo Ramos, Enrique RIOS ISERN, Jorge MARAPARA DEL AGUILA, J. C. Castro, Javier DEL ÁGUILA, Felicia DIAZ JARAMA, Maria VASCONCELOS-SOUZA","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202201212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202201212","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The contamination of aquatic environments by microplastic has become a major threat to biodiversity. The presence of microplastic is documented in the aquatic fauna of the oceans, but, in the Amazon basin, reports on microplastic occurrence are few. The present study surveyed microplastic occurrence in fishes in an area of the Peruvian Amazon. We sampled 61 specimens of 15 commercial species from local markets in the city of Iquitos, Loreto Department. We detected a total of 2337 microplastic particles, 1096 in the gills and 1241 in the internal organs (esophagus, stomach, intestine, liver, gonads, pancreas, swim bladder and heart). The prevalence of microplastic particles was 100% and the overall average abundance was of 38.3 particles per individual (17.9 particles per individual in gills and 20.3 particles per individual in internal organs). Most particles were found in carnivorous fish. There was no correlation of particle abundance with fish standard length and weight. These results provided evidence of the degree of microplastic contamination of the fish fauna in the region of Iquitos.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48373356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Effect of natural food consumption on the first phase of pirarucu grow-out in ponds and cages 天然食物消耗对池塘和网箱中琵琶鱼生长第一阶段的影响

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202201041

H. D. Oliveira, A. F. Lima, Lorhane Caroline Ferreira da Lapa, Hygo Jovane Borges de Oliveira, F. T. D. Matos, A. Nuñer

{"title":"Effect of natural food consumption on the first phase of pirarucu grow-out in ponds and cages","authors":"H. D. Oliveira, A. F. Lima, Lorhane Caroline Ferreira da Lapa, Hygo Jovane Borges de Oliveira, F. T. D. Matos, A. Nuñer","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202201041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202201041","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Pirarucu, Arapaima gigas is a fish species of great social and economic importance in the Amazon region, where they are often farmed in earthen ponds. Intensive cage aquaculture has been growing in Brazil, which could be an alternative means to farm pirarucu, reducing costs and increasing productivity. We evaluated the contribution of natural food organisms in semi-intensive (ponds) and intensive (cages) production systems, and their effect on pirarucu growth and economic performance during the first phase of grow-out. Four ponds (300 m2) and four cages (4.0 m³) were stocked, respectively, with 120 (0.4 fish m-²) and 160 (40 fish m-³) juvenile pirarucu (28.03 ± 6.34 g, 11.75 ± 0.80 cm). The study was conducted for 105 days and fish were fed with commercial feed. Fish growth and plankton intake were evaluated every two weeks. Survival rate, standard length, weight gain and final weight were higher in fish reared in earthen ponds than in cages. Feed conversion of fish kept in ponds was lower (0.96 ± 0.06) than in cages (1.20 ± 0.11). The consumption of natural food organisms was observed, despite artificial feed being fed in both systems. The relative abundance of zooplankton and insects in stomachs was directly proportional to fish weight gain in ponds, and inversely proportional in cages. Higher economic efficiency rate and lower average production cost were calculated for earthen ponds. Our results indicate that the cost-benefit of the first phase grow-out of A. gigas is better in earthen ponds.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45182173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Volumetric yield coefficient: the key to regulating virtual credits for Amazon wood 容积产量系数:调节亚马逊木材虚拟信用的关键

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Acta Amazonica Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392202101602

Kauanna Domingues Cabral de Andrade, Ana Paula Ferreira Dos Santos, Fabiano Emmert, J. Santos, A. Lima, N. Higuchi

{"title":"Volumetric yield coefficient: the key to regulating virtual credits for Amazon wood","authors":"Kauanna Domingues Cabral de Andrade, Ana Paula Ferreira Dos Santos, Fabiano Emmert, J. Santos, A. Lima, N. Higuchi","doi":"10.1590/1809-4392202101602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202101602","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In Brazil, all transport and storage of native forest products and by-products must be registered within the DOF (Document of Forestry Origin) system. This computerized platform exists to support control agencies in reducing the sale of forest products obtained illegally. However, this tool still shows only modest results in fulfilling its objectives, since gaps in the system allow illegal wood to be acquired and enter the system as legal wood. The objective of this study was to test whether the volumetric yield coefficient (CRV) of a sawmill on an industrial scale corresponds to the 35% established by Brazilian legislation. The focus was directed at a loophole that allows the accumulation of virtual credits in the DOF system by turning logs into lumber. For this purpose, we estimated the sawmill’s CRV and mean percentage yield of 19 commercial species used by a timber company in the Brazilian Amazon with a sample size of 90 logs. The estimated CRV was 24.6 ± 2.4, showing 9.9% uncertainty. The mean CRV differed highly significantly (p < 0.001) from that proposed by the DOF, with a 10.35% difference. Based on these results, the difference between the observed yield and that proposed by the legislation can generate the accumulation of virtual log credits. With this accumulation, managers encounter difficulties in acquiring new logging permits and, consequently, do not meet the actual demand for logs to the sawmill’s capacity.","PeriodicalId":51309,"journal":{"name":"Acta Amazonica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67246848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0