Women最新文献

{"title":"Cervical Cancer Screening: Impact of Human Papillomavirus mRNA Testing on Detecting High-Grade Lesions in Women with Normal Cytology","authors":"Ida-Marie Strand, Gunnar Skov Simonsen, S. Sørbye","doi":"10.3390/women4030022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/women4030022","url":null,"abstract":"The human papillomavirus (HPV) is implicated in nearly all cases of cervical cancer. While most HPV infections resolve spontaneously, persistent infections can lead to high-grade lesions and cancer. Traditionally, cervical screening has relied on cervical cytology, but since 2016, HPV mRNA testing has been integrated to enhance the detection of high-grade lesions (CIN2+) in women with normal cytology. This study, conducted at the Department of Clinical Pathology at UNN from 2016 to 2019, evaluates the impact of HPV mRNA testing on quality assurance, with follow-up adhering to national guidelines through December 2022. Among 98,648 cervical samples analyzed, 61,635 women exhibited normal cytology. Of these, 752 (1.2%) tested positive for HPV mRNA, specifically targeting HPV types 16, 18, and 45. Upon the re-evaluation of the index cytology, 70.7% of these women retained normal cytology findings, while biopsies identified high-grade lesions (CIN2+) in 34% and severe lesions (CIN3+) in 14%. Notably, older women constituted a larger portion of the normal cytology group but a smaller percentage of those testing positive for HPV and exhibiting significant lesions. This underscores the effectiveness of HPV mRNA testing in promptly identifying high-grade lesions, highlighting its potential to significantly reduce cervical cancer incidence through targeted re-evaluation of a small, at-risk population.","PeriodicalId":512463,"journal":{"name":"Women","volume":"25 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women’s Empowerment and Mental Health: A Scoping Review","authors":"N. Bandara, Shams M F Al-Anzi, Angelina Zhdanova, S. Hirani","doi":"10.3390/women4030021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/women4030021","url":null,"abstract":"Women have unique experiences with mental health challenges that require relevant strategies and interventions that effectively support their mental health. Empowerment interventions that vary in nature and format have the potential to play a key role in supporting women’s mental health. The purpose of this scoping review is to outline empowerment interventions targeting improvement in the mental health of women living in Canada.A search was undertaken using major databases including Medline, Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library for studies published between 2013 and 2023. A total of 243 articles were identified, from which 12 were ultimately included in this review. All included studies were conducted in Canada but were diverse in design, setting, and sample size. A total of four types of interventions were identified including mental health and emotional awareness, reading, peer support, and skill building and engagement. The findings of the review inform key insights for mental health care and service providers to focus on sustainable outcomes for women’s mental health. The findings also guide the need for a systematic review to appraise the existing empowerment interventions for women’s mental health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":512463,"journal":{"name":"Women","volume":"86 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141926518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experienced Psycho-Verbal Violence among Iranian Women and the Impact of Cultural Capital: A Survey-Based Study","authors":"F. Hamedanian","doi":"10.3390/women4030020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/women4030020","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses the problem of psycho-verbal violence experienced by women seeking divorce in Tehran (Iran’s capital) and aims to investigate the influence of cultural capital on the occurrence of this form of violence. The study surveyed 207 women aged 20 to 60 seeking divorce in Tehran using random sampling. The data were collected using questionnaires developed by the researchers and focused on cultural capital and cases of psycho-verbal violence against women. Pearson’s correlation coefficient test and regression multivariant analyses were used for statistical analysis. The results indicate a significant inverse relationship between women’s cultural capital and psycho-verbal violence against women, encompassing embodied cultural capital, objectified cultural capital, and institutionalized cultural capital (p < 0.001). Regression analyses revealed that the incidence of psycho-verbal violence experienced by women decreases when embodied cultural capital increases first, followed by objectified and institutionalized capital. Conversely, an increase in the number of children correlates with an increase in psycho-verbal violence.","PeriodicalId":512463,"journal":{"name":"Women","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141817242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Menstruation-Related Symptoms and the Type of Stress in Japanese Female University Students: A Prospective Cohort Study from Admission to the Second Year","authors":"Yukie Matsuura, N. Tran, Toshiyuki Yasui","doi":"10.3390/women4030019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/women4030019","url":null,"abstract":"Menstruation-related symptoms in young women are associated with lifestyle factors such as stress. This study aimed to examine menstrual conditions, menstruation-related symptoms, and types of stress in Japanese female students from their first to second years of university and the association between menstruation-related symptoms and stress levels. This prospective longitudinal cohort study utilized a self-reported web survey with the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) at three timepoints (2, 8, and 14 months) following admission and continuing into the second year. Data from 33 out of 102 students, who were followed throughout the study period, were used for analysis. Results indicated a trend towards changes in menstrual regularity, with the lowest (48.5%) at timepoint 1 and the highest (72.7%) at timepoint 3, and significant changes in perceived bleeding amount. Stress related to study and academic performance was consistently highest, with significant differences across timepoints. Intra-menstrual MDQ scores were highest at timepoint 1, with significant variations in impaired concentration severity across timepoints. Significant correlations were found between the MDQ scores and stress related to health and personality at all timepoints, and to future prospects, friendships, study, and academic performance at different timepoints. In short, stress related to academic performance, along with a strong correlation between MDQ scores and specific stress types, such as health and personality, was observed across all timepoints. This implies the need to provide new students with health education regarding menstruation and stress management before specific timepoints.","PeriodicalId":512463,"journal":{"name":"Women","volume":"102 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging Gaps, Fostering Inclusion: A Gendered Look at Disability Support for Women in Higher Education","authors":"Fatima Leon-Larios, M. Benitez-Lugo, Cristina Almendros-Caballero, Linnéa Stamatía Meyer, Isabel Corrales-Gutiérrez, Rosa Casado-Mejía","doi":"10.3390/women4030018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/women4030018","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effectiveness of inclusion measures for women with disabilities at a public university in southern Spain, aiming to understand their needs and experiences. Utilizing a gender perspective, the research engaged 12 women from various university roles in semi-structured interviews, later analyzed using NVivo 20, and organized into categories assessing institutional resources, working/academic conditions, and the interplay of disability and gender. Findings indicate that, despite no direct discrimination based on sex, the patriarchal social framework still fosters gender and inclusion gaps. Peer support emerges as a protective factor, whereas obstacles such as resource scarcity, access challenges, and a lack of awareness about disability measures pose risks. The study highlights the need for enhanced visibility of inclusive measures and the development of agile, individualized policies. It underscores the importance of raising awareness, particularly about non-visible disabilities, through educational initiatives.","PeriodicalId":512463,"journal":{"name":"Women","volume":"62 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141654678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Value-Based Maternal Healthcare in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review","authors":"A. T. Lukwa, P. Chiwire, Siya Aggrey, F. Akinsolu, Admire Nyabunze, Denis Okova","doi":"10.3390/women4030017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/women4030017","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal health is a critical public health issue worldwide, with Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) facing severe challenges in maternal mortality and morbidity. Despite global efforts, progress in SSA remains slow. The Sustainable Development Goals highlight the need for urgent action in this area. Value-based healthcare presents a promising approach to enhance maternal health in SSA by maximising health outcomes for mothers and newborns, enriching patient experiences and efficient resource use. However, the impact and implementation of value-based healthcare in Sub-Saharan Africa’s maternal health sector are not well studied. To evaluate the effectiveness and value of value-based healthcare interventions in improving maternal health outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa. A systematic review was carried out drawing on articles from six databases published between 2000 and 2024. The results suggest that VBHC can significantly improve maternal health, evidenced by successful implementations like obstetric units in Sierra Leone and integrated care in South Africa, which improved outcomes and cost-effectiveness. The success of value-based healthcare interventions hinges on addressing access to quality care, infrastructure, and socioeconomic barriers. Further research is essential to confirm value-based healthcare efficacy in SSA and guide policy for better maternal health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":512463,"journal":{"name":"Women","volume":"35 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141661763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“I Think I Do but I Don’t”: Heightened (Breast) Cancer Concern as a Function of Availability Bias","authors":"A. Aguirre-Camacho, Helena Gandía-Abellán, Judit Tirado-Muñoz","doi":"10.3390/women4020015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/women4020015","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Women report a heightened concern of (breast) cancer, relative to other chronic conditions. This experimental study investigated whether such heightened concern may be a function of availability bias. Methods: participants (N = 750; 100% female) were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions: in the recall condition, they were asked to name the health condition they feared most; in the recognition condition, they picked the disease they feared most out of a list of chronic conditions. Results: The probability of selecting cancer as the most frightening disease varied as a function of experimental condition χ2 (10) = 112.13, p < 0.001. Participants in the recall condition were almost twice as likely to select cancer as the most frightening disease (N = 240, 59.10%) as those in the recognition condition (N = 121, 35.20%), who most frequently selected neurological diseases as the most threatening. The majority of participants believed that cancer was the disease receiving the most media attention (86.27%) (prior to the COVID-19 pandemic), and the one accounting for the highest number of deaths among Spanish females (63.50%). Conclusions: altogether, these results provide experimental evidence that availability bias may partly account for misperceptions and a heightened fear of cancer, which may narrow the scope of women’s information-seeking and health-preventive behaviors.","PeriodicalId":512463,"journal":{"name":"Women","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141359338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Support and Mental Well-Being of Newcomer Women and Children Living in Canada: A Scoping Review","authors":"S. Hirani, Zara Shah, Theresa Claire Dubicki, N. Bandara","doi":"10.3390/women4020013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/women4020013","url":null,"abstract":"Newcomer women and children are less likely to access and utilize mental health support services as compared to the general Canadian population, despite reporting experiences of mental health issues. This review aimed to map out the social support interventions that are available for promoting the mental well-being of newcomer women and children living in Canada. A search using Medline, Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane library was conducted to identify published studies. Studies were screened, extracted, and synthesized by two independent reviewers in line with the methodological approach for scoping reviews. Fourteen articles published in English between 2012–2023 were reviewed. Results identified five types of interventions: art and sand play interventions, support groups and workshops, assessment of existing support services, social media interventions, and short-term cognitive behavioral therapy. Our results suggest that culturally appropriate social support interventions increase mental well-being outcomes, such as self-esteem and social support, and reduce peri-migratory traumas for newcomer women and children in Canada. However, findings from this review underscore the need for more quantitative and participatory research approaches so that newcomer women’s and children’s needs are adequately explored and addressed.","PeriodicalId":512463,"journal":{"name":"Women","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141104999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing USA Women to Receive the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Alina Cernasev, Rachel E. Barenie, Hilary M Jasmin, Ashley Yatsko, Jeremy S. Stultz","doi":"10.3390/women4020012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/women4020012","url":null,"abstract":"Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection in the United States of America (USA). Cervical cancer is the most common HPV-related cancer, which leads to approximately 4000 deaths yearly in women. Despite the nationwide availability of the HPV vaccine, the coverage and series-completion rates have been historically low due to multiple barriers. Previous systematic literature reviews emphasize global quantitative studies regarding parents of pediatric populations. This study aimed to evaluate qualitative studies conducted in the USA to characterize the facilitators and barriers to HPV uptake among eligible women. Four databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and the Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), were utilized to search the literature for comprehensive qualitative studies from 2014 to 2023 with pre-selected inclusion criteria. This review was conducted in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). After detailed full-text extraction, 26 studies met the inclusion criteria, and two authors extracted the data. Three themes emerged from the data: (1) facilitators perceived by women to uptake the HPV vaccine, (2) barriers perceived by women to uptake the HPV vaccine, and (3) barriers and facilitators perceived by women to uptake the HPV vaccine. These themes highlighted different barriers and facilitators to HPV vaccines uptake, such as the lack of healthcare provider recommendation, cost, and safety concerns as barriers to receiving the vaccine. To change the norms towards HPV vaccine hesitancy, the healthcare team has a important opportunity to impart the knowledge and skills known to elicit behavior change.","PeriodicalId":512463,"journal":{"name":"Women","volume":"38 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141109213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Midwifery Practices among Registered Midwives in Selected Hospitals in Limpopo Province, South Africa","authors":"Kgatsere Sarah Maleta, Mpho Gift Tau, Mamara Bopape","doi":"10.3390/women4020011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/women4020011","url":null,"abstract":"Midwifery practices are defined as the level of midwifery care in which midwives use their expertise, management, and clinical leadership to provide personalized, evidence-based care to women independently and autonomously. Midwifery care includes antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum care, which are defined by the WHO as the care provided by skilled healthcare professionals to pregnant women and adolescent girls to ensure the best health conditions for the mother and baby during the antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum period. The aim of this study was to evaluate midwifery practices among registered midwives in selected hospitals in Limpopo Province, South Africa. The quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional research design was used to assess and describe midwifery practices among registered midwives in selected hospitals in Limpopo Province, South Africa. The population size was 100 registered midwives in the selected hospitals. The sample size of 80 registered midwives was determined using the Slovin formula. Simple random sampling was used to select the sample. A self-developed questionnaire was tested and validated prior to conducting the main study. The findings of the pilot study were used to refine the questionnaire before being used for the main study. Reliability and validity were ensured. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27 with the assistance of a statistician. The study revealed inadequate provision of midwifery care during antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum periods due to lack of resources and equipment. The shortage of midwives and the shorter experience in the clinical setting within the midwifery environment were overwhelming. The study concluded that the practices of registered midwives were inadequate due to some challenges they faced during the provision of midwifery care. Inadequate midwifery practices have serious implications for the health and well-being of mothers and newborns. These practices were influenced by various factors, such as inadequate material and human resources and lack and malfunctioning of available equipment. The study recommended that women have access to a variety of pain relief options during labor, including both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. In addition, the study recommended implementation of the presence of doulas during labor and childbirth.","PeriodicalId":512463,"journal":{"name":"Women","volume":" 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140992817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}