Central European Neurosurgery最新文献

{"title":"Intracranial melanotic schwannoma: a case report of recurrence with extra- and intradural manifestation two decades after initial diagnosis and treatment.","authors":"C Ditz, K Brunswig, C Meyer, E Reusche, G Nowak, V Tronnier","doi":"10.1055/s-0029-1246137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1246137","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction & Melanotic schwannoma (MS) is a very rare nerve sheath tumor characterized by melanin-producing cells that display ultrastructural features of Schwann cells [24] . This type of tumor was fi rst described in 1932 [17] and occurs primarily in the paraspinal region, originating from the spinal nerve roots or sympathetic ganglia. Craniofacial or intracranial locations are rare [15, 21] . However, extraneural locations such as skin, soft tissues, bone and viscera have also been described [5, 7] . In a minority of cases, MS may have multiple nodules [6, 26] . Although MS have been considered to be slow-growing, benign tumors, prognosis can be poor as a result of local recurrence or malignant progression [9] . Melanotic schwannoma occurs in relatively young adults (mean age 35 years) and have no sex predilection. Epidemically, two types of tumors can be distinguished: the sporadic variant and psammomatous melanotic schwannoma associated with the Carney complex, a rare, autosomal dominant hereditary syndrome characterized by variegated skin pigmentation, cardiac myxomas, endocrine overactivity, and nerve sheath tumors [2] . Psammoma bodies are present in more than 50 % of MS. Immunohistochemistry reveals that S100, HMB-45 and vimentin are strongly expressed by most cells in MS [15, 18] .","PeriodicalId":51241,"journal":{"name":"Central European Neurosurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0029-1246137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28941899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balloon kyphoplasty improves back pain but does not result in a permanent realignment of the thoracolumbar spine.","authors":"H C Friedrich,&nbsp;H J Friedrich,&nbsp;P Kneisel,&nbsp;J Drumm,&nbsp;T Pitzen","doi":"10.1055/s-0031-1284415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1284415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) has been established as a standard procedure for treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures of the spine in elderly patients, as it results in pain relief for most of the patients. Moreover, BKP may result in a partial realignment of the sagittal shape of the vertebra and the spine. However, it is unclear whether BKP may result in long-term improvement of the sagittal alignment of the spine. The aim of the current study was to investigate if there is a significant loss of correction of the sagittal alignment of the thoracolumbar spine following BKP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, noncontrolled, nonrandomized study, consisting of 71 patients treated for single level osteoporotic compression fracture by BKP at 1 institution and by 1 surgeon, was done. We checked the following radiographic outcome parameters: Beck's ratio, the kyphosis angle of the treated vertebra, the angle of kyphosis including the treated vertebra and the adjacent disc (monosegmental angle), the angle of kyphosis, including the treated segment, the adjacent disc as well as the adjacent vertebra (bisegmental angle).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BKP resulted in significant pain relief with a score decreasing from 7.11 to 1.73 on a visual analogue scale immediately after the procedure. The effekt persisted after 1 year with a score of 1.58 VAS points. BKP also led to an improvement of each radiographic outcome parameter immediately after surgery. Beck's ratio was improved from 0.71 to 0.83. The Cobb's angle of the relevant vertebral bodies decreased from 11.4° to 6.8°. Monosegmental and bisegmental kyphosis angles decreased from 8.12° to 4.9° and from 6.9° to 4.5° respectively. Within 1 year, however, there was a significant loss of correction in each radiographic parameter analyzed. Beck's ratio decreased to 0.72, Cobb's angle increased to 10.8°, and the mono- and bisegmental kyphosis angles to 8.8° and 8.3°, respectively.BKP does not result in a permanent realignment of the thoracolumbar spine following treatment of single level osteoporotic compression fractures.</p>","PeriodicalId":51241,"journal":{"name":"Central European Neurosurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0031-1284415","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30176844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-traumatic frontal and parieto-occipital extradural haematomas: a retrospective analysis of 41 patients and review of the literature.","authors":"V Balik,&nbsp;H Lehto,&nbsp;D Hoza,&nbsp;S Phornsuwannapha,&nbsp;S Toninelli,&nbsp;R Romani,&nbsp;I Sulla,&nbsp;J Hernesniemi","doi":"10.1055/s-0031-1286261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1286261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this study was to analyse the differences between patients with frontal (FEDH) or parieto-occipital (POEDH) epidural haematomas and evaluate possible statistically significant prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this retrospective study of a group of 41 patients with a FEDH (17) or POEDH (24 individuals), the authors analysed the influence of gender, age, type of injury, clinical presentation, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score on admission, radiological findings, and time interval from trauma to surgery on outcomes. A good recovery and moderate disability were considered a \"good\" or \"favourable outcome\", whereas severe disability, a vegetative state or death was a \"poor outcome\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the POEDH subgroup, a higher GCS score on admission and a younger age were statistically significant prognostic factors for a better outcome (p=0.006, rs=0.702). In the subgroup of patients with FEDHs, the results were not significant. However, patients with FEDHs more frequently had \"good outcomes\" than members of the POEDH subgroup (88.2 vs. 70.9%). Children (≤ 18 years old) constituted a smaller portion of the POEDH subgroup (12.5%) than those in the FEDH subgroup (41.2%). The evaluation of time intervals between the accident and surgery (≤ 24 h vs. > 24 h) showed no significant influence on outcomes in any of the studied subgroups. However, patients undergoing surgery within 24 h of their injury had a less favourable GCS score on admission than those operated on more than 24 h after their injury. Subacute and chronic clinical courses predominated in patients with a FEDH (10/17 FEDH vs. 11/22 POEDH). Different accompanying intradural lesions occurred in 12 patients of the POEDH subgroup, but only in 2 of the FEDH subgroup (50 vs. 11.8%). However, the presence of such lesions did not significantly deteriorate surgical outcomes in either of the subgroups.</p>","PeriodicalId":51241,"journal":{"name":"Central European Neurosurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0031-1286261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30074878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current concepts on the mechanisms of dystonia and the beneficial effects of deep brain stimulation.","authors":"L C Stavrinou,&nbsp;E J Boviatsis,&nbsp;A Leonardos,&nbsp;I G Panourias,&nbsp;D E Sakas","doi":"10.1055/s-0031-1271730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1271730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The application of lesioning procedures in the basal ganglia and, more recently, of deep brain stimulation (DBS) has revolutionalized dystonia treatment. However, our understanding of the mechanism of action of DBS is only minimal. This is largely due to a rudimentary understanding of dystonia pathophysiology itself, which in turn reflects an insufficient understanding of the functional significance of the cortico-striato-pallido-thalamocortical loops. The initial dystonia pathophysiology concept was one of changes in oscillation rate. Soon, it was realized that not only rate but also the pattern of basal ganglia activity is crucial in the etiology of the disease. The observations of altered somatosensory responsiveness and cortical neuroplasticity, along with the vast array of clinical phenotypes, imply the need for a wholistic neuronal pathophysiology model; one in which an underlying defect of basal ganglia function results in increased cortical excitability, misprocessing of sensory feedback, aberrant cortical plasticity, and ultimately clinical dystonia. This unified dystonia pathophysiology model, although simplistic, may provide the scaffold on which all incoming research and clinical data becomes united in a meaningful and practical way. In light of this model, the dramatic response of some forms of dystonia to pallidal stimulation, the time latency for the beneficial effect and even the presence of non-responders may be explained. Additionally, it may help in developing a rationale for more efficacious DBS programming, better selection of the timing of surgery, and more successful identification of those candidates that are most likely to respond to DBS.</p>","PeriodicalId":51241,"journal":{"name":"Central European Neurosurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0031-1271730","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40102253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-resolution sonography of posttraumatic neuroma of the superficial radial nerve.","authors":"J Böhm,&nbsp;L H Visser,&nbsp;T-N Lehmann","doi":"10.1055/s-0030-1261905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1261905","url":null,"abstract":"B ö hm J et al. High-Resolution Sonography of Posttraumatic Neuroma ... Cen Eur Neurosurg 2011; 72: 158 – 160 Introduction ▼ The superfi cial radial nerve (SRN) is a sensory branch of the radial nerve which supplies the dorsolateral aspect of the hand and the fi rst 3 digits. The radial nerve, a nerve with mixed fi bers, branches into the pure motor posterior interosseous nerve and the pure sensory superfi cial radial nerve just above the arcade of Frohse in the proximal forearm. In the distal forearm, the superfi cial radial nerve transverses a superfi cial subcutaneous course between the tendons of the brachioradialis and extensor carpi radialis longus muscles as it crosses the lateral edge of the radius. Many factors may contribute to the development of a lesion of the SRN. The most common anatomic site of compression corresponds to the area of transmission of the nerve from its submuscular position beneath the brachioradialis muscle to its subcutaneous position on the surface of the extensor carpi radialis longus muscle. In patients with de Quervain tendosynovitis, secondary irritation of the SRN is frequent. Other common causes include postsurgical injury, external compression and trauma [1] . Patients usually complain of therapy-resistant pain and, consequently, inability to work. Surgery is considered in recalcitrant pain syndrome. Lesions of the SRN are characterized by tenderness on percussion, positive Hoff mann-Tinel-sign, electrifying pain, allodynia and paresthesias in the area of innervation. The diagnosis is based substantially on clinical presentation. Nerve conduction studies are usually performed to confi rm the diagnosis; however, often there are false negative results with diffi culty to identify the exact site of the lesion [2, 3] . The SRN, although small in size, can be visualized with high-resolution sonography using specifi c landmarks [4] . This report describes the role of highresolution sonography in the study of traumatic neuromas of the superfi cial radial nerve and the postoperative result for the fi rst case. Presentation of Cases ▼ Case 1 A 48-year-old female patient with a distal radius fracture and plate osteosynthesis complained of recalcitrant pain and paresthesias in the SRN area after plate removal. It was noted that the pain gradually intensifi ed and a circumscribed spot of tenderness with allodynia, a few centimeters above the styloid process, was verifi ed. Electrophysiological studies were not tolerated. High-resolution sonography was performed on a Toshiba Aplio XV SSA700A scanner with a linear array transducer of 12 MHz. Scanning transversely, the superfi cial radial nerve was fi rst identifi ed approximately 7 cm proximal to the level of the styloid process and the course of the nerve was followed distally over the dorsolateral aspect of the forearm. The nerve was found between the extensor carpi radialis longus and fl exor carpi radialis muscle, just above the palpable bony prominence of the radius ","PeriodicalId":51241,"journal":{"name":"Central European Neurosurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0030-1261905","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29691927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indication, technique and benefit of intraoperative spinal digital subtraction angiography with a new setting in a patient with spinal arteriovenous malformation.","authors":"A E Grams,&nbsp;E R Gizewski,&nbsp;I E Sandalcioglu,&nbsp;M Forsting,&nbsp;U Sure","doi":"10.1055/s-0030-1268494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1268494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and object: </strong>A new setting of intraoperative spinal angiography within an angiography suite is presented.</p><p><strong>Patient and methods: </strong>In a patient with thoracic arteriovenous malformation, the resection was performed within an angiography suite. Therefore a long sheath was applied, which remained sterile during the procedure and allowed a catheter to be introduced which is navigated into the noted segmental artery for contrast injection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Digital subtraction angiography was performed prior to and after the resection at the AVM in order to visualize recent feeders and to ensure the complete occlusion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This method leads to an increased image quality and a shorter operation time in comparison to an angiography within an operating room.</p>","PeriodicalId":51241,"journal":{"name":"Central European Neurosurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0030-1268494","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29769338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Varicosis of the venous epidural plexus caused by portocaval hypertension mimicking symptomatic lumbar disc herniation: case report and review of the literature.","authors":"L Siam,&nbsp;V Rohde","doi":"10.1055/s-0029-1246131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1246131","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction & Intraosseous venous blood drains into the central basiventral vein which connects to the venous plexus in the anterior epidural space. Two pathways have been described for the drainage of this venous plexus. The fi rst pathway is along the internal vertebral veins which run caudally and cranially in the anterior spinal canal and are interlinked. The second pathway is along the valve-less radicular veins which run laterally to the extraspinal compartment and connect directly to the inferior vena cava. An increase of pressure in the inferior vena cava may thus occasionally be transferred into the intraspinal compartment [17] . We report the fi rst case of symptomatic epidural varix formation due to alcohol-associated liver cirrhosis with portocaval hypertension and performed a review of the literature especially addressing the therapeutic options.","PeriodicalId":51241,"journal":{"name":"Central European Neurosurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0029-1246131","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28892820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life-threatening hemorrhage from a traumatic aneurysm of the posterior meningeal artery: treatment with coil embolization.","authors":"F Goetz,&nbsp;H Lanfermann,&nbsp;M Nakamura,&nbsp;J K Krauss,&nbsp;B Hong","doi":"10.1055/s-0030-1253347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1253347","url":null,"abstract":"Goetz F et al. Life-Threatening Hemorrhage From a Traumatic ... Cen Eur Neurosurg 2011; 72: 162 – 165 Introduction ▼ Traumatic aneurysms of the meningeal arteries are usually associated with blunt trauma [9, 13, 17] . They often manifest as false aneurysms or pseudoaneurysms resulting from incomplete disruption of the vessel wall [3] . While pseudoaneurysms of the middle meningeal artery have been reported occasionally [2, 3, 6, 1 0, 16, 25, 27] , pseudoaneurysms of the posterior meningeal artery are exceedingly rare [8, 22, 26] . Hemorrhage secondary to rupture of a traumatic meningeal artery aneurysm is a serious event associated with high morbidity [1 – 3, 5 – 7] . There is very limited data on appropriate treatment strategies. Here we present the fi rst case, in which a traumatic pseudoaneurysm was treated using a bioactive coil.","PeriodicalId":51241,"journal":{"name":"Central European Neurosurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0030-1253347","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29004834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practice in the perioperative prevention of deep vein thrombosis in german neurosurgical departments: is there a trend towards homogenization?","authors":"J C Rachinger,&nbsp;G Koman,&nbsp;C Scheller,&nbsp;J Prell,&nbsp;S Rampp,&nbsp;C Strauss","doi":"10.1055/s-0031-1280791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1280791","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>There was no consensus on the most suitable perioperative prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in neurosurgical patients. The aim of this work was to review the current practice and search for a standard protocol in the prophylaxis of DVT.</p><p><strong>Methods and material: </strong>Questionnaires addressing the routine prophylaxis of perioperative DVT for 4 groups of neurosurgical procedures and the estimation of risks and benefits of perioperative heparin (unfractionated and/or low-molecular-weight) administration were sent to 130 neurosurgical departments in Germany.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>103 of 130 questionnaires were returned and suitable for analysis. The use of heparin (unfractionated and/or low-molecular-weight) is common, with some variation depending on the type of operation (83.5-99%). In spinal procedures, heparin administration is commonly started early, i. e., between the preoperative and first postoperative day (90.3-97.1%). This differs in intracranial procedures. In most neurosurgical departments heparin administration is stopped at the day of discharge (69.6-77.4% depending on procedure). Enoxaparin is the most commonly used heparin. In spinal as well as in cranial procedures, thrombosis risk reduction is unanimously assumed to be lesser the later administration starts. The estimation of the risks related to heparin injection are considered to be higher in cranial than in spinal operation in the early postoperative period. Most departments use antithrombotic stockings (ATS) irrespective of the type of surgery. However, 11% never use ATS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In spinal surgery, a trend towards homogenization is observed with the early use of heparin. In intracranial procedures, practice is more heterogenous. The heterogeneity is due to the fact that the data available in the literature does not allow for the identification of an optimal protocol.</p>","PeriodicalId":51241,"journal":{"name":"Central European Neurosurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0031-1280791","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30038696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment results in patients with intracranial ependymomas.","authors":"A Boström,&nbsp;J Boström,&nbsp;W Hartmann,&nbsp;T Pietsch,&nbsp;M Feuss,&nbsp;M von Lehe,&nbsp;M Simon","doi":"10.1055/s-0031-1273745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1273745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the treatment outcomes of patients with intracranial ependymomas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 1988-2007, 27 consecutive patients, with 9 patients (33%) aged under 16 years, were treated at our institution for an intracranial ependymoma. Pertinent clinical data were retrieved from the patients' charts. The histopathological findings in 25 cases were reviewed using the 2007 World Health Organization (WHO) classification system. Median follow-up was 84 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Infratentorial tumors were diagnosed in 22, and supratentorial tumors in 5 patients. Histopathological findings were ependymoma WHO grade II (E II) in 14 patients, and anaplastic ependymoma WHO grade III (AE III) in 13 patients. A complete tumor resection was achieved with the first operation in 20 cases (74%). Primary adjuvant therapy consisted of chemotherapy alone in a 17-month-old child with an incompletely resected posterior fossa AE III, radiation therapy alone in 4 cases, and combined radiation therapy and chemotherapy in 7 cases. Tumor recurrence was seen in 10 cases (37%), including 5 patients with an E II and 5 patients with an AE III. The 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 74% and 67% for E II and AE III, respectively. The 5-year PFS was 80% following a complete resection, and 56% in patients with a residual tumor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Surgery alone, as the primary treatment, achieves a good outcome in most patients with E II. Good results can be achieved with surgery and adjuvant local radiotherapy in patients with AE III.</p>","PeriodicalId":51241,"journal":{"name":"Central European Neurosurgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0031-1273745","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30208675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}