IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.1111/str.12427

Sreehari Rajan‐Kattil, M. Sutton, S. Sockalingam, F. Thomas, T. Weerasooriya, S. Alexander

{"title":"Direct material property determination: One‐dimensional formulation utilising full‐field deformation measurements","authors":"Sreehari Rajan‐Kattil, M. Sutton, S. Sockalingam, F. Thomas, T. Weerasooriya, S. Alexander","doi":"10.1111/str.12427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12427","url":null,"abstract":"A direct approach is described to determine the elastic modulus distribution in a nominally heterogeneous material subject to tensile/compression loading and primarily experiencing deformations in the axial direction. The formulation is developed for uniaxial applications using basic theoretical constructs, resulting in a computational framework that has a matrix form [A] {E} = {R}, where the [A] matrix components are known functions of measured axial strains and axial positions, {R} components are known functions of axial body forces, applied loads and reactions and {E} components are the unknown elastic moduli at discrete locations along the length of the specimen. For a series of one‐dimensional (1D) material property identification procedure with known axial strains at discrete locations and various levels of random noise, results are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and noise sensitivity of the methodology. Finally, experimental measurements for a heterogeneous bone specimen are compared to our 1D model predictions, demonstrating that the predictions are in very good agreement with independent estimates at each load level of interest along the length of the bone specimen.","PeriodicalId":51176,"journal":{"name":"Strain","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49661881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Image correlation technique for strain measurement of polycrystalline microstructures 多晶微结构应变测量的图像相关技术

IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2022-10-07 DOI: 10.1111/str.12428

Youssef A. F. Hafiz, Z. Stachurski, S. Kalyanasundaram

{"title":"Image correlation technique for strain measurement of polycrystalline microstructures","authors":"Youssef A. F. Hafiz, Z. Stachurski, S. Kalyanasundaram","doi":"10.1111/str.12428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12428","url":null,"abstract":"An image processing technique is proposed to measure the deformation of polycrystalline materials based on correlating the grains in reference and deformed SEM images. The advantage of this technique compared to the conventional subset‐based Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is that it can be applied when speckle patterning is not efficient or when studying boundary‐related mechanics is the objective. The technique is based on correlating grains by defining their boundaries rather than just subsets of image pixels. It reveals the anisotropy inherent in the polycrystals since it allows the analysis to specify each grain separately without averaging the results. The technique is applied by detecting the approximate grain boundaries edges and then refining their location with high accuracy. The correlation is performed between points calculated from each grain in the reference and deformed images as a Point Set Registration (PSR) problem. Finally, the displacements and strains are calculated from the resulting transformation matrix. A benchmark problem was developed to discuss the error over a strain range of 0.02 to 0.2 and showed that the resulting strains are reasonably accurate. Also, an in situ experiment was conducted to demonstrate the implementation of the technique using a specimen with fine‐grained Zirconia polycrystals. The technique successfully revealed the crack tip plastic zone, and strain mismatch between grains.","PeriodicalId":51176,"journal":{"name":"Strain","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42417101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Issue Information 问题信息

IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.966

引用次数: 0

Testing methodologies for the calibration of advanced plasticity models for sheet metals: A review 金属板材高级塑性模型校准的试验方法:综述

IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.1111/str.12426

M. Rossi, A. Lattanzi, L. Morichelli, J. M. P. Martins, S. Thuillier, A. Andrade-Campos, S. Coppieters

引用次数: 9

Local strain distribution imaging using terahertz time‐domain spectroscopy 利用太赫兹时域光谱进行局部应变分布成像

IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2022-06-27 DOI: 10.1111/str.12425

Luis M. Reig Buades, S. Karmarkar, A. Dhiman, V. Tomar

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of image registration for measuring deformation fields in soft tissue mechanics 软组织力学形变场测量中图像配准的评价

IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2022-06-15 DOI: 10.1111/str.12424

O. Lisický, S. Avril, Bastien Eydan, B. Pierrat, J. Burša

{"title":"Evaluation of image registration for measuring deformation fields in soft tissue mechanics","authors":"O. Lisický, S. Avril, Bastien Eydan, B. Pierrat, J. Burša","doi":"10.1111/str.12424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12424","url":null,"abstract":"High‐fidelity biomechanical models usually involve the mechanical characterisation of biological tissues using experimental methods based on optical measurements. In most experiments, strains are evaluated based on displacements of a few markers and represents an average within the region of interest (ROI). Full‐field measurements may improve description of non‐homogeneous materials such as soft tissues. The approach based on non‐rigid image registration is proposed and compared with standard digital image correlation (DIC) on a set of samples, including (i) complex heterogeneous deformations with sub‐pixel displacement, (ii) a typical uniaxial tension test of aorta, and (iii) an indentation test on skin. The possibility to extend the ROI to the whole sample and the exploitation of a natural tissue pattern represents the main assets of the proposed method whereas the results show similar accuracy as standard DIC when analysing sub‐pixel deformations. Therefore, displacement and strain fields measurement based on image registration is very promising to characterise heterogeneous specimens with irregular shapes and/or small dimensions, which are typical features of soft biological tissues.","PeriodicalId":51176,"journal":{"name":"Strain","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48082354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measuring representative volume elements from high‐resolution grain‐scale strain fields 测量来自高分辨率晶粒尺度应变场的代表性体积元素

IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2022-06-02 DOI: 10.1111/str.12423

Renato B. Vieira, J. Lambros

{"title":"Measuring representative volume elements from high‐resolution grain‐scale strain fields","authors":"Renato B. Vieira, J. Lambros","doi":"10.1111/str.12423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12423","url":null,"abstract":"Most crystalline materials present a highly heterogeneous response at the microscale, which can be affected by both internal factors (such as microstructural parameters) and external factors (such as loading). Relating microscale inhomogeneities to the macroscale response of a material requires the use of homogenisation techniques, usually based on the concept of a representative volume element (RVE)—the smallest volume of material that represents the global average response. In this work, we present a new and robust experimental method of measuring the size of a strain‐based RVE from high‐resolution grain‐scale strain fields obtained using digital image correlation (DIC). The proposed method is based on the statistical (stereological) nature of the RVE, which has been widely adopted in numerical studies, and involves dividing a strain field into randomly selected regions of varying sizes and statistically analysing the distributions of average strains within them. To validate the new method, we generate a large number of synthetic strain fields from a fractional Gaussian noise algorithm. The proposed stereological method is shown to be capable of producing reliable RVE measurements from a very large range of possible microscale strain fields while at the same time being robust in that it can produce RVE measurement results even in cases where other existing methods may be unable to do so. The proposed method has a low field‐of‐view requirement, only needing a field‐of‐view about 1.2 times as large as the RVE to produce reliable measurements. In addition, the stereological method offers significant flexibility since its statistical nature allows for control over how strict the RVE measurement should be in each case.","PeriodicalId":51176,"journal":{"name":"Strain","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44295959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A generic topography reconstruction method based on multi‐detector backscattered electron images 一种基于多探测器背散射电子图像的通用地形重建方法

IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1111/str.12416

J. Neggers, E. Héripré, M. Bonnet, S. Hallais, S. Roux

引用次数: 0

Combined thermographic phosphor and digital image correlation (TP + DIC) for simultaneous temperature and strain measurements 用于同时测量温度和应变的热成像磷光体和数字图像相关（TP+DIC）组合

IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2022-05-17 DOI: 10.1111/str.12415

E. Jones, Amanda Jones, C. Winters

{"title":"Combined thermographic phosphor and digital image correlation (TP + DIC) for simultaneous temperature and strain measurements","authors":"E. Jones, Amanda Jones, C. Winters","doi":"10.1111/str.12415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12415","url":null,"abstract":"Thermographic phosphors (TP) are combined with stereo digital image correlation (DIC) in a novel diagnostic, TP + DIC, to measure full‐field surface strains and temperatures simultaneously. The TP + DIC method is presented, including corrections for nonlinear CMOS camera detectors and generation of pixel‐wise calibration curves to relate the known temperature to the ratio of pixel intensities between two distinct wavelength bands. Additionally, DIC is employed not only for strain measurements but also for accurate image registration between the two cameras for the two‐colour ratio method approach of phosphoric thermography. TP + DIC is applied to characterize the thermo‐mechanical response of 304L stainless steel dog bones during tensile testing at different strain rates. The dog bones are patterned for DIC with Mg3F2GeO4:Mn (MFG) via aerosol deposition through a shadow mask. Temperatures up to 425°K (150°C) and strains up to 1.0 mm/mm are measured in the localized necking region, with conservative noise levels of 10°K and 0.01 mm/mm or less. Finally, TP + DIC is compared to the more established method of combining infrared (IR) thermography with DIC (IR + DIC), with results agreeing favourably. Three topics of continued research are identified, including cracking of the aerosol‐deposited phosphor DIC features, incomplete illumination for pixels on the border of the phosphor features, and phosphor emission evolution as a function of applied substrate strain. This work demonstrates the combination of phosphor thermography and DIC and lays the foundation for further development of TP + DIC for testing in combined thermo‐mechancial environments.","PeriodicalId":51176,"journal":{"name":"Strain","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47663100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Microscale deformation mechanisms in paperboard during continuous tensile loading and 4D synchrotron X‐ray tomography 纸板在连续拉伸加载过程中的微观变形机制和4D同步加速器X射线断层扫描

IF 2.1 3区材料科学

Strain Pub Date : 2022-04-13 DOI: 10.1111/str.12414

S. Johansson, J. Engqvist, J. Tryding, S. A. Hall

{"title":"Microscale deformation mechanisms in paperboard during continuous tensile loading and 4D synchrotron X‐ray tomography","authors":"S. Johansson, J. Engqvist, J. Tryding, S. A. Hall","doi":"10.1111/str.12414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/str.12414","url":null,"abstract":"A better physical understanding of mesoscale and microscale mechanisms behind deformation and failure of paperboard material is important to optimize industrial packaging converting processes and decrease waste. In this study, these mechanisms were investigated using synchrotron X‐ray tomography during in situ continuous uniaxial tensile loading. High spatial and temporal data resolution enabled quantification of rapid changes in the material occurring before, during and after material failure. The evolution of 3D strain fields, fibre orientations and sample thickness showed that deformation and failure mechanisms differ significantly between samples tested in machine direction (MD), cross direction (CD) and 45° from the loading direction. In 45° and CD, gradual failure processes could be followed across several load steps. Immediately after failure, the in‐plane fracture region was significantly larger in both 45° and CD compared to MD. Both fracture characteristics and strain field distributions differed between the three material directions. Significant fibre reorientation was an active deformation mechanism in 45° already from the beginning of the loading, also present in CD after peak load but absent in MD. The MD‐dependent mechanisms interpreted and quantified at the scale of the fibre network in this study can help guide model development and likely have wider applicability to other paper‐based materials.","PeriodicalId":51176,"journal":{"name":"Strain","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41658989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

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