Xinyuan Li, Muhammad Naveed Iqbal Qureshi, David P Laplante, Guillaume Elgbeili, Vincent Paquin, Sherri Lee Jones, Suzanne King, Pedro Rosa-Neto
{"title":"Decreased amygdala-sensorimotor connectivity mediates the association between prenatal stress and broad autism phenotype in young adults: Project Ice Storm.","authors":"Xinyuan Li, Muhammad Naveed Iqbal Qureshi, David P Laplante, Guillaume Elgbeili, Vincent Paquin, Sherri Lee Jones, Suzanne King, Pedro Rosa-Neto","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2023.2293698","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10253890.2023.2293698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies show that prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) is related to risk for child autism, and to atypical amygdala functional connectivity in the autistic child. Yet, it remains unclear whether amygdala functional connectivity mediates the association between PNMS and autistic traits, particularly in young adult offspring. We recruited women who were pregnant during, or within 3 months of, the 1998 Quebec ice storm crisis, and assessed three aspects of PNMS: objective hardship (events experienced during the ice storm), subjective distress (post-traumatic stress symptoms experienced as a result of the ice storm) and cognitive appraisal. At age 19, 32 young adults (21 females) self-reported their autistic-like traits (i.e., aloof personality, pragmatic language impairment and rigid personality), and underwent structural MRI and resting-state functional MRI scans. Seed-to-voxel analyses were conducted to map the amygdala functional connectivity network. Mediation analyses were implemented with bootstrapping of 20,000 resamplings. We found that greater maternal objective hardship was associated with weaker functional connectivity between the left amygdala and the right postcentral gyrus, which was then associated with more pragmatic language impairment. Greater maternal subjective distress was associated with weaker functional connectivity between the right amygdala and the left precentral gyrus, which was then associated with more aloof personality. Our results demonstrate that the long-lasting effect of PNMS on offspring autistic-like traits may be mediated by decreased amygdala-sensorimotor circuits. The differences between amygdala-sensory and amygdala-motor pathways mediating different aspects of PNMS on different autism phenotypes need to be studied further.</p>","PeriodicalId":51173,"journal":{"name":"Stress-The International Journal on the Biology of Stress","volume":"27 1","pages":"2293698"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meredith A Gruhn, Rachel E Siciliano, Allegra S Anderson, Allison Vreeland, Lauren M Henry, Kelly H Watson, George M Slavich, Jon Ebert, Tarah Kuhn, Bruce E Compas
{"title":"Dimensions of childhood adversity differentially affect autonomic nervous system coordination in response to stress.","authors":"Meredith A Gruhn, Rachel E Siciliano, Allegra S Anderson, Allison Vreeland, Lauren M Henry, Kelly H Watson, George M Slavich, Jon Ebert, Tarah Kuhn, Bruce E Compas","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2419668","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2419668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is well-established that disrupted autonomic nervous system (ANS) reactivity exacerbates risk for long-term maladjustment following childhood adversity (CA). However, few studies have integrated measures of both the sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic (PNS) branches of the ANS, resulting in a unidimensional understanding of ANS functioning as a mechanism of risk. Further, past work has primarily measured CA only at the aggregate level (e.g. \"total CA\"), necessitating further research to accurately characterize this risk pathway. The present study examines how CA, measured cumulatively and dimensionally (i.e. CA characterized by threat versus deprivation), moderates the association between the SNS and PNS at rest and in response to acute social and nonsocial stressors. Participants included 97 adolescents ages 10-15 (<i>M<sub>age</sub></i> = 12.22, <i>SD</i><sub>age</sub> = 1.68) experiencing a range of CA and one accompanying caregiver. Participants completed questionnaires assessing prior CA exposure. SNS and PNS responses were then continuously measured during rest and two stress tasks. First, results indicate a blunting effect of cumulative CA and CA characterized by threat (e.g. physical abuse) on resting SNS activity. Second, in moderation analyses assessing ANS coordination, threat exposure emerged as a significant moderator of the association between SNS and PNS reactivity to social stress. Results suggest that CA characterized by threat may specifically impact physiologic regulation by disrupting the coordination of the two branches of the ANS. Disentangling the independent and concurrent engagement of biological stress response systems following CA remains an important target for research to identify the etiology of aberrant stress reactivity patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":51173,"journal":{"name":"Stress-The International Journal on the Biology of Stress","volume":"27 1","pages":"2419668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lisa Drost, Johannes B Finke, Petra Bachmann, Hartmut Schächinger
{"title":"Cold pressor stress effects on cardiac repolarization.","authors":"Lisa Drost, Johannes B Finke, Petra Bachmann, Hartmut Schächinger","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2352626","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2352626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cold pressor test (CPT) elicits strong cardiovascular reactions <i>via</i> activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), yielding subsequent increases in heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). However, little is known on how exposure to the CPT affects cardiac ventricular repolarization. Twenty-eight healthy males underwent both a bilateral feet CPT and a warm water (WW) control condition on two separate days, one week apart. During pre-stress baseline and stress induction cardiovascular signals (ECG lead II, Finometer BP) were monitored continuously. Salivary cortisol and subjective stress ratings were assessed intermittently. Corrected QT (QTc) interval length and T-wave amplitude (TWA) were assessed for each heartbeat and subsequently aggregated individually over baseline and stress phases, respectively. CPT increases QTc interval length and elevates the TWA. Stress-induced changes in cardiac repolarization are only in part and weakly correlated with cardiovascular and cortisol stress-reactivity. Besides its already well-established effects on cardiovascular, endocrine, and subjective responses, CPT also impacts on cardiac repolarization by elongation of QTc interval length and elevation of TWA. CPT effects on cardiac repolarization share little variance with the other indices of stress reactivity, suggesting a potentially incremental value of this parameter for understanding psychobiological adaptation to acute CPT stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":51173,"journal":{"name":"Stress-The International Journal on the Biology of Stress","volume":"27 1","pages":"2352626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141066447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ditte H Rotvig, Anders Jorgensen, Johan Høy Jensen, Allan Rene Hansen, Nanna Hurwitz Eller, Steffen H Jonsson, Ulla Knorr, Marianne C Klose, Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen, Andreas Menke, Henrik Enghusen Poulsen, Jeanett Ø Bauer, Martin Balslev Jørgensen
{"title":"Can the DEX/CRH test or markers of oxidative stress distinguish work-related stress from major depressive disorder and normal controls?","authors":"Ditte H Rotvig, Anders Jorgensen, Johan Høy Jensen, Allan Rene Hansen, Nanna Hurwitz Eller, Steffen H Jonsson, Ulla Knorr, Marianne C Klose, Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen, Andreas Menke, Henrik Enghusen Poulsen, Jeanett Ø Bauer, Martin Balslev Jørgensen","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2353781","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2353781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis hyperactivity measured by the combined dexamethasone-CRH test (DEX-CRH test) has been found in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), whereas hypoactivity has been found in patients with work-related stress. We aimed to investigate the DEX-CRH test as a biomarker to distinguish between MDD and work-related stress (exhaustion disorder - ED). We hypothesized that there would be lower cortisol and ACTH response in participants with ED compared to MDD and healthy controls (HC). Also, we explored if the cortisol response of those patients interacted with robust markers of oxidative stress. Thirty inpatients with MDD and 23 outpatients with ED were recruited. Plasma cortisol and ACTH were sampled during a DEX-CRH test. The main outcome measure, area under the curve (AUC) for cortisol and ACTH, was compa-red between MDD vs. ED participants and a historical HC group. Secondary markers of oxidative stress urinary 8-oxodG and 8-oxoGuo; quality of sleep and psychometrics were obtained. Cortisol concentrations were higher in MDD and ED participants compared to HC, and no differences in AUC cortisol and ACTH were found between ED vs. MDD. Compared to ED, MDD participants had higher stress symptom severity and a lower sense of well-being. No differences in oxidative stress markers or quality of sleep between the groups were found. The result indicates that the patients with ED, like patients with MDD, are non-suppressors in DEX-CRH test and not hypocortisolemic as suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":51173,"journal":{"name":"Stress-The International Journal on the Biology of Stress","volume":"27 1","pages":"2353781"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141186628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How an appreciation of dynamics has altered our understanding of the HPA axis.","authors":"Stafford Lightman, Thomas Upton","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2023.2297371","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10253890.2023.2297371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rhythmicity is a intrinsic feature of biological systems, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, a mammalian neurohormonal system crucial both in daily life and as a network that responds to stressful stimuli. Circadian and ultradian rhythmicity underlie HPA activity in rodents and in humans, regulating gene expression, metabolism and behavior, and adverse consequences occur when rhythms are disturbed. In the assessment of human disease, the complexity of HPA rhythmicity is rarely acknowledged or understood, and is currently a limitation to better diagnosis and treatment. However, the recent emergence of ambulatory, high frequency and blood-free hormone sampling techniques has the promise to substantially change our understanding of the function of HPA axis in healthy normal life, and provide new opportunities for the diagnosis and treatment of disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":51173,"journal":{"name":"Stress-The International Journal on the Biology of Stress","volume":"27 1","pages":"2297371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7617274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139522356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summer Mengelkoch, Jeffrey Gassen, Shahar Lev-Ari, Jenna C Alley, Sophia Miryam Schüssler-Fiorenza Rose, Michael P Snyder, George M Slavich
{"title":"Multi-omics in stress and health research: study designs that will drive the field forward.","authors":"Summer Mengelkoch, Jeffrey Gassen, Shahar Lev-Ari, Jenna C Alley, Sophia Miryam Schüssler-Fiorenza Rose, Michael P Snyder, George M Slavich","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2321610","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2321610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite decades of stress research, there still exist substantial gaps in our understanding of how social, environmental, and biological factors interact and combine with developmental stressor exposures, cognitive appraisals of stressors, and psychosocial coping processes to shape individuals' stress reactivity, health, and disease risk. Relatively new biological profiling approaches, called multi-omics, are helping address these issues by enabling researchers to quantify thousands of molecules from a single blood or tissue sample, thus providing a panoramic snapshot of the molecular processes occurring in an organism from a systems perspective. In this review, we summarize two types of research designs for which multi-omics approaches are best suited, and describe how these approaches can help advance our understanding of stress processes and the development, prevention, and treatment of stress-related pathologies. We first discuss incorporating multi-omics approaches into theory-rich, intensive longitudinal study designs to characterize, in high-resolution, the transition to stress-related multisystem dysfunction and disease throughout development. Next, we discuss how multi-omics approaches should be incorporated into intervention research to better understand the transition from stress-related dysfunction back to health, which can help inform novel precision medicine approaches to managing stress and fostering biopsychosocial resilience. Throughout, we provide concrete recommendations for types of studies that will help advance stress research, and translate multi-omics data into better health and health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":51173,"journal":{"name":"Stress-The International Journal on the Biology of Stress","volume":"27 1","pages":"2321610"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11216062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139998156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stress, working memory, and academic performance: a neuroscience perspective.","authors":"Abeer F Almarzouki","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2364333","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2364333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship between stress and working memory (WM) is crucial in determining students' academic performance, but the interaction between these factors is not yet fully understood. WM is a key cognitive function that is important for learning academic skills, such as reading, comprehension, problem-solving, and math. Stress may negatively affect cognition, including WM, via various mechanisms; these include the deleterious effect of glucocorticoids and catecholamines on the structure and function of brain regions that are key for WM, such as the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. This review explores the mechanisms underlying how stress impacts WM and how it can decrease academic performance. It highlights the importance of implementing effective stress-management strategies to protect WM function and improve academic performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":51173,"journal":{"name":"Stress-The International Journal on the Biology of Stress","volume":"27 1","pages":"2364333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew J McAllister, M Hunter Martaindale, Courtney C Dillard, Rory McCullough
{"title":"Impact of L-theanine and L-tyrosine on markers of stress and cognitive performance in response to a virtual reality based active shooter training drill.","authors":"Matthew J McAllister, M Hunter Martaindale, Courtney C Dillard, Rory McCullough","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2375588","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2375588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ingestion of L-theanine and L-tyrosine has been shown to reduce salivary stress biomarkers and improve aspects of cognitive performance in response to stress. However, there have been no studies to concurrently examine the impact of both L-theanine and L-tyrosine ingestion during a mental stress challenge (MSC) involving a brief cognitive challenge and a virtual reality based active shooter training drill. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the impact of ingestion of L-theanine and L-tyrosine on markers of stress and cognitive performance in response to a virtual reality active shooter drill and cognitive challenge. The cognitive challenge involved a Stroop challenge and mental arithmetic. Eighty subjects (age = 21 ± 2.6 yrs; male = 46; female = 34) were randomly assigned L-tyrosine (n = 28; 2000 mg), L-theanine (n = 25; 200 mg), or placebo (n = 27) prior to MSC exposure. Saliva samples, state-anxiety inventory (SAI) scales, and heart rate (HR) were collected before and after exposure to the MSC. Saliva was analyzed for stress markers α-amylase (sAA) and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA). The MSC resulted in significant increases in sAA, SIgA, HR, and SAI. Ingestion of L-theanine and L-tyrosine did not impact markers of stress. However, the L-tyrosine treatment demonstrated significantly lower missed responses compared to the placebo treatment group during the Stroop challenge. These data demonstrate that ingestion of L-theanine or L-tyrosine does not impact markers of stress in response to a MSC but may impact cognitive performance. This study was pre-registered as a clinical trial (\"Impact of supplements on stress markers\": NCT05592561).</p>","PeriodicalId":51173,"journal":{"name":"Stress-The International Journal on the Biology of Stress","volume":"27 1","pages":"2375588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141555900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jetro J Tuulari, Olli Rajasilta, Joana Cabral, Morten L Kringelbach, Linnea Karlsson, Hasse Karlsson
{"title":"Maternal prenatal distress exposure negatively associates with the stability of neonatal frontoparietal network.","authors":"Jetro J Tuulari, Olli Rajasilta, Joana Cabral, Morten L Kringelbach, Linnea Karlsson, Hasse Karlsson","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2023.2275207","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10253890.2023.2275207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maternal prenatal distress (PD), frequently defined as <i>in utero</i> prenatal stress exposure (PSE) to the developing fetus, influences the developing brain and numerous associations between PSE and brain structure have been described both in neonates and in older children. Previous studies addressing PSE-linked alterations in neonates' brain activity have focused on connectivity analyses from predefined seed regions, but the effects of PSE at the level of distributed functional networks remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the impact of prenatal distress on the spatial and temporal properties of functional networks detected in functional MRI data from 20 naturally sleeping, term-born (age 25.85 ± 7.72 days, 11 males), healthy neonates. First, we performed group level independent component analysis (GICA) to evaluate an association between PD and the identified functional networks. Second, we searched for an association with PD at the level of the stability of functional networks over time using leading eigenvector dynamics analysis (LEiDA). No statistically significant associations were detected at the spatial level for the GICA-derived networks. However, at the dynamic level, LEiDA revealed that maternal PD negatively associated with the stability of a frontoparietal network. These results imply that maternal PD may influence the stability of frontoparietal connections in neonatal brain network dynamics and adds to the cumulating evidence that frontal areas are especially sensitive to PSE. We advocate for early preventive intervention strategies regarding pregnant mothers. Nevertheless, future research venues are required to assess optimal intervention timing and methods for maximum benefit.</p>","PeriodicalId":51173,"journal":{"name":"Stress-The International Journal on the Biology of Stress","volume":" ","pages":"2275207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50159220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicole B Ramsey, Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda Chiu, Hsiao-Hsien Leon Hsu, Michelle Bosquet Enlow, Brent A Coull, Rosalind J Wright, Kecia N Carroll
{"title":"Cumulative maternal lifetime stress & child asthma: effect modification by BMI.","authors":"Nicole B Ramsey, Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda Chiu, Hsiao-Hsien Leon Hsu, Michelle Bosquet Enlow, Brent A Coull, Rosalind J Wright, Kecia N Carroll","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2435262","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10253890.2024.2435262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Investigations of maternal psychosocial stress and child asthma have produced mixed findings, which may reflect inconsistent consideration of modifying factors.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine associations between maternal lifetime stress and child asthma, and to assess effect modification by maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and race/ethnicity in a prenatal cohort of mother-child dyads.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Maternal lifetime stress was assessed using the Life Stressor Checklist-Revised, administered during pregnancy and child asthma was ascertained by parent-report in study follow-up visits. In the overall group and stratified by race/ethnicity, we used multivariable logistic regression and varying coefficient modeling to investigate the association between maternal stress and child asthma, assessing for effect modification by pre-pregnancy body mass index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women were predominately Black (Black/Hispanic-Black 44.5%) or non-Black Hispanic (37.6%), with elevated pre-pregnancy body mass index (25.1% overweight, 29.8% obese); 17% of children had asthma. Higher maternal stress was associated with increased relative odds of child asthma only in dyads with women in the obese (≥30 kilograms/meters squared) category (odds ratio 1.84, 95% confidence interval 1.27-2.67). Varying coefficient models demonstrated stronger positive associations between increased maternal lifetime stress and child asthma in women with higher pre-pregnancy body mass index; the strongest association was observed in the Black group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index modified the association between maternal lifetime stress and child asthma. These findings underscore the need to consider complex interactions to fully elucidate intergenerational stress effects on early childhood asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":51173,"journal":{"name":"Stress-The International Journal on the Biology of Stress","volume":"27 1","pages":"2435262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142796162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}