{"title":"Professional Roles in Provision of Breastfeeding and Lactation Support: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Stephanie N Acquaye, Diane L Spatz","doi":"10.1097/NMC.0000000000001113","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMC.0000000000001113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The United States lacks a comprehensive framework to describe how multidisciplinary efforts to support breastfeeding and lactation fit together. The purpose of this article is to assess the roles of perinatal health care professionals in providing breastfeeding and lactation support (BFLS) along the perinatal care continuum and to offer a preliminary conceptual framework.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>We conducted a scoping review to examine the breadth and depth of published position statements by perinatal care professional organizations about BFLS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Methodology for scoping reviews outlined by Peters et al. (2020) was used. We identified nine professions as primarily implicated in provision of perinatal care in the United States, seven of which had national professional organizations. We searched PubMed and a generic web engine to identify position statements from those organizations. We used thematic analysis to create an adapted framework of the perinatal care continuum illustrating how BFLS from perinatal health care professionals can be mapped onto the care continuum.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Some overlap in roles were noted as were some gaps regarding professional roles in different phases of the perinatal care continuum. Overall, most professional perinatal care organizations described specific BFLS roles for their practitioners and recommended collaboration with other perinatal care professions.</p><p><strong>Clinical implications: </strong>The full spectrum of BFLS involves information sharing and anticipatory guidance which begins in the preconception period and lasts through 2 or more years postpartum. Interprofessional collaboration, such as through engagement with state-based perinatal quality collaboratives or other interprofessional perinatal partnerships, is essential to ensuring that families receive cohesive, comprehensive BFLS.</p>","PeriodicalId":51121,"journal":{"name":"Mcn-The American Journal of Maternal-Child Nursing","volume":"50 4","pages":"217-225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144509337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human Milk is Brain Power and Brain Protection.","authors":"Diane L Spatz","doi":"10.1097/NMC.0000000000001114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NMC.0000000000001114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51121,"journal":{"name":"Mcn-The American Journal of Maternal-Child Nursing","volume":"50 4","pages":"238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144509333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nurses Partnering with Medical Assistants to Enhance Breastfeeding Care in the Pediatric Primary Care Setting.","authors":"Nicole Conover, Diane L Spatz","doi":"10.1097/NMC.0000000000001109","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMC.0000000000001109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>As valuable members of the care team, medical assistants are well-positioned to assist breastfeeding families. The purpose of this study was to identify ways in which medical assistants in the pediatric primary care setting may be empowered to improve care and support for breastfeeding families.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A cross-sectional mixed-methods study was conducted using a one-time REDCap® survey including three open-ended prompts administered to medical assistants employed in primary care sites at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia from August 2022 through May 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the background, training, and experience of respondents. Qualitative content analysis was used to identify themes in open-ended responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 78 medical assistants employed within Children's Hospital of Philadelphia's primary care network sites at the time of this study, 58 responded to the survey resulting in a response rate of 74%. Twenty-one locations were represented from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia's 31 pediatric primary care sites. Most medical assistants surveyed were providing informal breastfeeding support in the pediatric primary care setting and many were interested in learning more about breastfeeding and willing to offer more breastfeeding support to families.</p><p><strong>Clinical implications: </strong>Medical assistants are a valuable part of the primary care team and have the potential to partner with nurses to make important contributions to the care and support of breastfeeding families.</p>","PeriodicalId":51121,"journal":{"name":"Mcn-The American Journal of Maternal-Child Nursing","volume":" ","pages":"226-230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human Milk and Lactation are Public Health Issues.","authors":"Diane L Spatz","doi":"10.1097/NMC.0000000000001111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NMC.0000000000001111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51121,"journal":{"name":"Mcn-The American Journal of Maternal-Child Nursing","volume":"50 4","pages":"191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144509332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nurse Staffing in Safety Net Hospitals: Inequities and Patient Safety.","authors":"Kathleen Rice Simpson","doi":"10.1097/NMC.0000000000001103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NMC.0000000000001103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51121,"journal":{"name":"Mcn-The American Journal of Maternal-Child Nursing","volume":"50 4","pages":"243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144509336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Promoting Accurate Language on Lactation from Prenatal to Postpartum.","authors":"Nina A S Juntereal, Diane L Spatz","doi":"10.1097/NMC.0000000000001108","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMC.0000000000001108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Lactation is a vital function of reproduction and population dynamics as human milk supports infant survival and development. Although the physiological processes of lactation have largely remained unchanged throughout human history, contemporary practices in human milk provision have expanded the original lexicon, resulting in ambiguity and potential misrepresentations in lactation-related language. We provide an overview of the anatomy and physiology of lactation to emphasize the importance of precise and consistent language as most nurses and health care professionals receive little to no education in their programs of study about lactation and breastfeeding. Concrete definitions and explanations on how to use the science of human milk and the physiology of lactation are crucial for evidence-based lactation education, support, and intervention. LactaPedia, an online comprehensive human lactation glossary, is freely accessible to nurses and the public to remain updated on lactation-related language as well as offer feedback on the relevancy and usability of any fundamental terminology. Precise and consistent use of lactation-related language will overall improve communication between nurses and multidisciplinary teams and thereby enhance care and outcomes for families.</p>","PeriodicalId":51121,"journal":{"name":"Mcn-The American Journal of Maternal-Child Nursing","volume":" ","pages":"204-209"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lower Extremity Nerve Injury during Childbirth.","authors":"Samantha L Bernstein","doi":"10.1097/NMC.0000000000001110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NMC.0000000000001110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51121,"journal":{"name":"Mcn-The American Journal of Maternal-Child Nursing","volume":"50 4","pages":"236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144509334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Promoting Accurate Language on Lactation from Prenatal to Postpartum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/NMC.0000000000001123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NMC.0000000000001123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51121,"journal":{"name":"Mcn-The American Journal of Maternal-Child Nursing","volume":"50 4","pages":"E8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144509338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Breastfeeding after Breast Reduction Surgery.","authors":"Diane L Spatz","doi":"10.1097/NMC.0000000000001115","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMC.0000000000001115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the topic of breast reduction surgery and nursing implications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The following databases were searched (Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL) using the terms mammoplasty, breast milk, human milk, breastfeeding, and lactation, as well as breast reduction and reduction mammoplasty for studies in English, where both breastfeeding and reduction were mentioned in abstract or title, with no restriction on date of publication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were four systematic reviews, and four additional articles identified that were not cited in the systematic reviews. All the systematic reviews used different definitions of \"successful\" breastfeeding. None specifically addressed the milk-making capacity of the breast tissue after surgery or reported 24-hour milk production. Certain surgical techniques are reported to help with the preservation of milk supply; however, they have not been accurately studied for milk-making capacity of the breast. Breastfeeding after breast reduction surgery has not been a topic covered by nurse researchers.</p><p><strong>Clinical implications: </strong>The word \"success\" is not a useful word in providing counseling to women who are considering breast reduction surgery. Patients considering breast reduction should be advised that surgery may affect the ability to achieve a complete milk supply. More research is needed on the milk-making capacity of the breast after various types of breast reduction surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":51121,"journal":{"name":"Mcn-The American Journal of Maternal-Child Nursing","volume":"50 4","pages":"231-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144509329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}