Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Insomnia Severity Predicts Psychiatric Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Study Investigating the Partial Mediations of Worry and Rumination.","authors":"K. Türkarslan, Deniz Canel Çınarbaş","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2024.2347100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2024.2347100","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000Insomnia as a disorder on its own or as a symptom of other mental disorders can lead to significant distress and lower quality of life. By exacerbating negative affect and emotion dysregulation, poor sleep and insomnia can contribute to the initiation and maintenance of mental disorders. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between insomnia severity and overall psychiatric symptoms (anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, somatization, phobic anxiety, hostility, interpersonal sensitivity, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism), and the mediational roles of worry and rumination in this relationship.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHOD\u0000The data was collected from a community sample of 1444 participants (females 69.39%, Mage = 27.95, SD = 9.37) who completed self-report measures of insomnia severity, worry, rumination, and psychiatric symptoms. The mediational roles of worry and rumination were tested with mediation analysis using the PROCESS Macro.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000It was found that insomnia severity (β = 0.20, p < .001) significantly predicted psychiatric symptoms directly and via worry and rumination (β = 0.33, p < .001), meaning that worry and rumination partially mediated the relationship between insomnia severity and psychiatric symptoms. The findings were similar after controlling for smoking status, daily screen time, coffee consumption in the evening, weekly exercise frequency, and pre-sleep screen time.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Interventions targeting the reduction of insomnia severity and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies (e.g., worry and rumination), as well as the enhancement of adaptive emotion regulation strategies (e.g., positive refocusing and mindfulness), may alleviate the adverse effects of insomnia on psychiatric symptoms.","PeriodicalId":510883,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry","volume":"35 13","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140966442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking Point: The Ironic Evolution of Psychiatry in World War II Reviewed","authors":"David A. Nissan","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2024.2333220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2024.2333220","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes (Ahead of Print, 2024)","PeriodicalId":510883,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140935309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soldiers Don’t Go Mad. A Story of Brotherhood, Poetry, and Mental Illness During the First World War","authors":"JAMES E. McCarroll","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2024.2308481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2024.2308481","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes (Ahead of Print, 2024)","PeriodicalId":510883,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139924914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Lost Art of Listening, 3rd edition, How Learning to Listen Can Improve Relationships","authors":"Kimberly D. Kumer","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2289819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2023.2289819","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes (Ahead of Print, 2023)","PeriodicalId":510883,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139031914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Longitudinal Study on the Changes in Mental Health of Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Lorena Cecilia López Steinmetz,&nbsp;Carla Romina Herrera,&nbsp;Shao Bing Fong,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Godoy","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2021.1940469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2021.1940469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective</i>: This study examines Argentinean health care workers in order to 1) test self-perceived job performance levels and the presence of psychological symptoms compatible with common mental disorders, and 2) examine within-person changes in general discomfort and psychological distress, adjusting for demographic factors, region, and health-related factors during two time points of the COVID-19 pandemic.<i>Method</i>: This longitudinal study comprised 305 healthcare workers who completed a survey at two time points approximately 4 months apart. We used the General Health Questionnaire and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale to measure mental health outcomes. To address the first aim we calculated differences (Student's <i>t</i> test for paired samples) and correlations (Pearson's <i>r</i> coefficient). To address the second aim we used fixed effects model by means of a multilevel approach, a linear model that considers dependency in the data.<i>Results</i>: Self-perceived job performance deteriorated across time. From the first measurement to the four-month follow-up, more health care workers presented common mental disorders (40% vs 45.57%), depression, and/or anxiety (52.46% vs 62.62%). A meaningful worsening of mental health was observed in healthcare workers who expressed concern about being infected with COVID-19, whether asymptomatic (greater general discomfort and psychological distress) or symptomatic (greater general discomfort). Likewise, there were significant interactions between a history of mental disorder and concern about COVID-19 infection.<i>Conclusions</i>: Among healthcare workers, the uncertainty about the COVID-19 infection may have larger negative mental health impacts than actually being infected.</p>","PeriodicalId":510883,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"56-71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00332747.2021.1940469","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39259960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparing Soldiers to Manage Acute Stress in Combat: Acceptability, Knowledge and Attitudes.","authors":"Amy B Adler,&nbsp;Ian A Gutierrez","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2021.2021598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2021.2021598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objectives</i>: iCOVER training is designed to prepare individuals in high-risk occupations to manage acute stress reactions in team members. Building on an initial pilot study, the present study evaluated iCOVER with soldiers just prior to their deployment to combat, documenting their feedback and changes in knowledge and attitudes.<i>Methods</i>: National guardsmen received a 1-hr training in iCOVER in the weeks prior to deploying to Iraq and Afghanistan. Surveys were administered before iCOVER training (i.e., \"pre-training\") and immediately afterward (i.e., \"post-training\"). In all, 129 of 146 (88.4%) soldiers consented to participate in the evaluation, and all consenting soldiers completed both surveys.<i>Results</i>: Participants rated iCOVER highly in terms of usefulness, relevance, and importance. Knowledge scores improved significantly from pre-training to post-training. In terms of attitudes, participants were more confident in their ability to handle an acute stress reaction, were more confident in their unit's ability to handle an acute stress reaction, were more likely to report their leaders emphasized the need to address acute stress, and were less likely to report stigma related to acute stress from pre-training to post-training.<i>Conclusions</i>: iCOVER training offers high-risk teams an opportunity to prepare for encountering acute stress in team members, strengthening the ability of teams to provide support to one another and respond effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":510883,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"30-37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39903528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"News Media and Suicide: Using Big Data Techniques to Assess the Long-Term Impact.","authors":"Nora Palomar-Ciria,&nbsp;Hugo J Bello,&nbsp;Celia Lozano,&nbsp;Fanny Cegla-Schvartzman,&nbsp;Marta Migoya-Borja,&nbsp;Enrique Baca-García","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2021.1989934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2021.1989934","url":null,"abstract":"Dear editor, Suicide is a major public health issue around the world, being the second leading cause of death in young people (especially under age 24) (WHO, n.d.). Media coverage of suicide has been studied to be influential not only in a negative way—known as the Werther effect—but also (and more recently studied) as having a protective effect—called the Papageno effect (Niederkrotenthaler et al., 2010). The harmful influence of the reporting of suicide in media worsens with certain ways that content and suicide deaths are depicted (Sisask & Värnik, 2012). We have been using a network of servers to extract massive quantities of data from public newspaper web pages on the Internet using a technique called web crawling. We obtained 37,263 news articles thematically related to suicide from the main Spanish newspapers. We applied sentiment analysis (which rates texts in virtue of their negative or positive meaning) to calculate the average negative sentiment of each suicide piece of news. In addition, monthly suicide rates were obtained from the Spanish National mortality rates, available in the National Institute of Statistics (INE) (INE. Instituto Nacional de Estadística, n.d.). We crossed data, and the results can be observed in Figure 1. Two interesting observations arose: a similarity of trend between monthly rates of suicides and monthly negativity of suicide news and the lagged correlation between those variables. Figures 1(a) and 1(b) show that circa 2010 there was a valley (global minima) and a subsequent large increase in both the number of suicides per month and the negative average sentiment of suicide news. This increase can be explained by the economic recession due to the 2008 financial crisis. Figure 1(c) is a scatter plot of the average negative sentiment of suicide news in a given month (x-axis) and the number of suicides three months later (y-axis). This figure underlines the positive correlation between the two time series in Figures 1(a) and 1(c) with a 0.27 Pearson correlation. A Granger causality test confirmed that the time series are Granger causal, which indicates that higher negative sentiment of suicide news can be related to higher suicide deaths numbers after three months. This leads to demonstrate a long-term dependence that may be related to a cumulative impact of news media on this topic. To sum up, the reporting of suicide news in Spanish newspapers has an impact on suicide rates. This finding may be influenced by","PeriodicalId":510883,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"100-101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39586259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra/interpersonal Functions of Non-suicidal Self-injury in Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder: The Role of Emotion Regulation, Alexithymia, and Childhood Traumas.","authors":"Yasemin Taş Torun,&nbsp;Hesna Gul,&nbsp;Fatma Hülya Yaylali,&nbsp;Ahmet Gul","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2021.1989854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2021.1989854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective</i>: This study examines non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior, its functions and associated factors like childhood trauma, alexithymia, empathy, and emotion regulation, in adolescents suffering from depression.<i>Method</i>: The study sample consisted of 67 adolescents; 11 boys (mean age = 14.94 ±1.45) and 56 girls (mean age = 14.72 ±1.48), all with major depressive disorder. Standard tests and measurements were used for data collection, including Beck Depression Inventory for identifying depression symptoms; Brief Symptom Inventory for screening psychiatric symptoms; Inventory of Statements About Self Injury (ISAS) to identify the lifetime frequency and functions of NSSI in subjects; Childhood Trauma Questionnaire to evaluate sexual, physical, and emotional abuse plus childhood neglect; Toronto Alexithymia Scale to assess difficulties in identifying and/or describing feelings; Basic Empathy Scale to measure empathy levels within the framework of basic emotions; and the Difficulty of Emotion Regulation Scale to determine the awareness and clarity of emotional response.<i>Results</i>: It was found that 64.1% of adolescents studied have had at least one NSSI to date. The most frequent intrapersonal functions associated with NSSI were Affect Regulation and Marking Distress, and the most common interpersonal functions were Toughness and Interpersonal Boundaries. According to a correlation analysis with ISAS scores, Affect Regulation was associated with obsession-compulsion, anxiety, difficulty identifying feelings and clarity scores. Marking Distress, generating a physical sign of feeling awful, was positively associated with Paranoid Ideation scores and negatively associated with Emotional Neglect scores. The Interpersonal Boundaries was positively associated with Childhood Physical Abuse and Impulse scores.<i>Conclusions</i>: NSSI is realized by different functions in the intrapersonal and interpersonal areas in adolescents with depression. Emotion regulation abilities, alexithymia, and childhood trauma are also associated factors or functions of NSSI.</p>","PeriodicalId":510883,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"86-99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39744745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Thanatophobia and Necrophobia in India during the COVID-19 Pandemic Due to Black Fungus Infections.","authors":"Suraj Kushe Shekhar,&nbsp;Tony P Jose","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2021.1989856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2021.1989856","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor, Black fungus infections amidst the pandemic are leading to fear in India (Afshan Yasmeen, 2021). The disease found in COVID−19 patients mainly affects the eyes, nose, and brain. Until July 2021, 4300 people have lost lives in India (BBC News, 2021). Thanatophobia or death anxiety is a state of mind caused by thinking about death, and necrophobia is the fear of seeing others die. The “Black Fungus syndrome” is pointing to these anxieties related disorders among many individuals in India. People who have recovered from COVID-19 fear that a minor irritation to the eyes is a starting point of black fungus infection. They think that this may ultimately lead to their death (Afshan Yasmeen, 2021). With the work-from-home option in almost every sector in India, people spend more screen time on electronic gadgets. This practice leads to strain on the eyes, and some people frequently visit hospitals out of fear of black fungus. Infodemic Facebook posts also went in rounds stating that black fungi are present in vegetables and may even stay in refrigerators. The onions that developed a black layer were myths related to black fungus and created panic, especially among homemakers (News 18, 2021). In another incident in Gujarat, an 80-year-old COVID19 survivor committed suicide over the fear of contracting black fungus (Outlook, 2021) Early detection, fast and aggressive treatment can save lives. From a medical perspective, administering anti-fungal drugs will help patients. However, maintaining positive mental hygiene is the call for the day, i.e., “Long COVID.” From a psychological perspective, the psychological state (fear of black fungus) has caused higher death anxieties in COVID patients. Personal life experiences during the COVID-19 outbreak can also be a reason for thanatophobia and necrophobia. Cognitive behavior therapy is an excellent technique to reduce death anxiety and necrophobia. Resorting to talk therapy, yoga, meditation, to relaxation techniques (Silva et al., 2021) are other options to calm the body and mind and minimize black fungus fear. Hearing positive news and abstaining from COVIDrelated “fear news,” picking up a hobby,","PeriodicalId":510883,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"102-103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39694160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empathy in Social Anxiety Disorder: The Association with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.","authors":"Didem Umutlu,&nbsp;Cagdas Oyku Memis,&nbsp;Yasam Umutlu,&nbsp;Doga Sevincok,&nbsp;Levent Sevincok","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2021.1952034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2021.1952034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objectives</i>: Our main hypothesis in this study was that patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) had lower empathy levels than those without ADHD. Also, after controlling for the severity of SAD and depression, we hypothesized that ADHD symptoms contributed to lower levels of empathy in SAD patients.<i>Methods</i>: 72 patients (46 females, 32 males) with SAD between the ages of 18-65 years were divided into two groups as those with (n = 32) and those without ADHD (n = 40). Participants were evaluated using the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), Turgay's Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Empathy Quotient. In this study, Mann Whitney-U test, Spearman correlation test, logistic and multiple regression analysis were used.<i>Results</i>: Education level (U = 371.5, <i>p</i> = .002) and empathy scores (U = 259.5, <i>p</i> < .0001) of SAD patients with ADHD were significantly lower than those without ADHD. BDI (U = 206.5, <i>p</i> < .0001), LSAS total (U = 454.5, <i>p</i> = .036), fear (U = 457.0, <i>p</i> = .038), and avoidance scores (U = 453.0, <i>p</i> = .034) were higher in SAD patients with ADHD than those without ADHD. Low levels of empathy (B = - 0.119, Exp(B) = 0.895, <i>p</i> = .014) and high severity of current depression (B = 0.119, Exp(B) = 1.127, <i>p</i> = .001) were significantly associated with comorbidity between SAD and ADHD. ADHD-inattention (β = -0.369, Exp(B) = -0.541, <i>p</i> = .004), and depression (β = -0.262, Exp(B) = -0.212, <i>p</i> = .036) negatively predicted empathy levels.<i>Conclusions</i>: Our findings may provide some evidence for the contribution of ADHD-inattention and depression to poor empathy in SAD patients. Therefore, it is recommended that symptoms of ADHD-inattention and depression should be carefully evaluated in SAD patients with low empathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":510883,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"72-85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00332747.2021.1952034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39267880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}