SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1305

Wenhao Qian, Min Xing, Mao Ye, Xiaoyu Huang, Yongjun Li, Bingjie Hao

{"title":"Reproducible and acid‐responsive Rhodamine B/PEG functioned nanographene oxide‐Au nanocomposites for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering sensing","authors":"Wenhao Qian, Min Xing, Mao Ye, Xiaoyu Huang, Yongjun Li, Bingjie Hao","doi":"10.1002/smm2.1305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smm2.1305","url":null,"abstract":"Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been visualized as a promising analytical technique in marked‐molecule detection for disease diagnosis, environmental pollution, and so on. Noble metal nanoparticles, especially gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), are commonly used to fabricate SERS substrates. Herein, we facilely fabricated a special platform to improve the dispersity and homogeneity of AuNPs. Practically, based on nano‐graphene oxide (GO), a special platform (s‐GO‐PEG‐R'hB) was prepared through GO functionalization with biocompatible poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), acid‐activated fluorescence molecule (Rhodamine B lactam derivative, R'hB) and thiol sites with cysteamine. AuNPs were then in situ grown on s‐GO‐PEG‐R'hB sheets to provide GO/AuNPs nanocomposite (Au@s‐GO‐PEG‐R'hB) for use as an efficient SERS substrate, which can exert unique electromagnetic characteristics of AuNPs and improve its dispersity. With systematic morphology and composition characterizations, it was confirmed that uniform AuNPs were located on multi‐functionalized GO sheets in Au@s‐GO‐PEG‐R'hB as we designed. Au@s‐GO‐PEG‐R'hB performed well in SERS detection towards 4‐aminothiophenol (4‐ATP) and p‐phenylenediamine (PD), with preferable sensibility, stability and effectiveness. With well‐knit SERS results, it is indicated that Au@s‐GO‐PEG‐R'hB could take the advantages of inherent electrochemical properties of AuNPs and functionalized GO to be a potential substrate in SERS detection. Thus, it is foreseen that Au@s‐GO‐PEG‐R'hB can meet diverse SERS sensing demands in real life.","PeriodicalId":510850,"journal":{"name":"SmartMat","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141825552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toward highly sensitive, selective, and stable palladium‐based MEMS gas sensors for hydrogen energy security 为氢能源安全开发高灵敏度、高选择性和高稳定性的钯基 MEMS 气体传感器

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1303

Yuxin Zhao, Yanli Zhao

引用次数: 0

A sensory–neuromorphic interface capable of environmental perception, sensory coding, and biological stimuli 能够感知环境、感知编码和生物刺激的感知-超形态接口

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1290

Lin Sun, Yi Du, Zichen Zhang, Siru Qin, Zixian Wang, Yue Li, Shangda Qu, Zhifang Xu, Yi Guo, Wentao Xu

{"title":"A sensory–neuromorphic interface capable of environmental perception, sensory coding, and biological stimuli","authors":"Lin Sun, Yi Du, Zichen Zhang, Siru Qin, Zixian Wang, Yue Li, Shangda Qu, Zhifang Xu, Yi Guo, Wentao Xu","doi":"10.1002/smm2.1290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smm2.1290","url":null,"abstract":"The sensory–neuromorphic interface is key to the application of neuromorphic electronics. Artificial spiking neurons and artificial sensory nerves have been created, and a few studies showed a complete neuromorphic system through cointegration with synaptic electronics. However, artificial synaptic devices and systems often do not work in real environments, which limits their ability to provide realistic neural simulations and interface with biological nerves. We report a sensory–neuromorphic interface that uses a fiber synapse to emulate a biological afferent nerve. For the first time, a sensing–neuromorphic interface is connected to a living organism for peripheral nerve stimulation, allowing the organism to establish a connection with its surrounding environment. The interface converts perceived environmental information into analog electrical signals and then into frequency‐dependent pulse signals, which simplify the information interface between the sensor and the pulse‐data processing center. The frequency of the interface shows a sublinear dependence on strain amplitude at different stimulus intensities, and can deliver increased frequency spikes at potentially damaging stimulus intensities, similar to the response of biological afferent nerves. To verify the application of this interface, a system that monitors strain and provides an overstrain alarm was constructed based on this afferent neural circuit. The system has a response time of <2 ms, which is compatible with the response time in biological systems. The interface can be potentially extended to process signals from almost any type of sensors for other afferent senses, and these results demonstrate the potential for neuromorphic interfaces to be applied to bionic sensory interfaces.","PeriodicalId":510850,"journal":{"name":"SmartMat","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140968627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Magnetic soft centirobot to mitigate biological threats 减轻生物威胁的磁性软蜈蚣机器人

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1289

Jayraj V. Vaghasiya, Carmen C. Mayorga-Martinez, Jaroslav Zelenka, Shelja Sharma, Tomas Ruml, M. Pumera

{"title":"Magnetic soft centirobot to mitigate biological threats","authors":"Jayraj V. Vaghasiya, Carmen C. Mayorga-Martinez, Jaroslav Zelenka, Shelja Sharma, Tomas Ruml, M. Pumera","doi":"10.1002/smm2.1289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smm2.1289","url":null,"abstract":"Soft robots have drawn a lot of interest in the field of human–robot interfaces because they can mimic the propulsion of soft bodies and archive complex tasks that cannot be made by rigid robots such as performing the complex motion, avoiding collisions by absorbing impacts, and shape adaptation by elastic deformation. Herein, drawing inspiration from creatures in the Cambrian period, such as Hallucigenia, we develop a centimeter‐sized soft robot with multiple magnetic legs (referred to as a soft centirobot). This robot is equipped with graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) nanosheets to kill biological threats by photogenerated reactive oxygen species under black light illumination. The motion of g‐C3N4 soft centirobot is controlled by magnetic actuation even in complex wastewater samples (with a relative speed of 0.12 body lengths per second). The magnetic multilegs work as a propeller to walk across and cover large regions, and water disinfection is more efficient than what could be achieved by nano/micrometer scale sheets of g‐C3N4. Finally, factors affecting the accelerated propulsion of g‐C3N4 soft centirobot such as design principle, structure geometry, body mass, driving mechanism, and magnetic sensitivity, have been investigated. We envision that such a photoactive 2D material‐based integrated centimeter‐sized robot shall find application in many areas where pathogen removal is required.","PeriodicalId":510850,"journal":{"name":"SmartMat","volume":" 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140996518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A drug delivery platform using engineered MUC1‐targeting exosomes enhances chemosensitivity and immunogenic cell death in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma 利用工程化 MUC1 靶向外泌体的给药平台可增强胰腺导管腺癌的化疗敏感性和免疫性细胞死亡

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1279

Meng Guo, Chen Sun, Ruolan Liu, Jiao Jiang, Yuping Qian, Yulong Yang, Qinying Sun, Yuchao Dong, Yan Zhao, Yanfang Liu

{"title":"A drug delivery platform using engineered MUC1‐targeting exosomes enhances chemosensitivity and immunogenic cell death in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","authors":"Meng Guo, Chen Sun, Ruolan Liu, Jiao Jiang, Yuping Qian, Yulong Yang, Qinying Sun, Yuchao Dong, Yan Zhao, Yanfang Liu","doi":"10.1002/smm2.1279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smm2.1279","url":null,"abstract":"Exosomes, a specific subset of extracellular vesicles, have diverse functions in various biological processes. In the field of cancer research, there has been a growing interest in the potential of exosomes to act as versatile vehicles for targeted tumor imaging and therapy. In this study, we constructed a targeted delivery platform using hypoimmunogenic exosomes by genetically modifying β2‐microglobulin knocking‐out HEK‐293F cells to express a fusion protein, referred to as αMUC1‐Exo, which comprises the exosomal membrane‐enriched platelet‐derived growth factor receptor, intracellular nanoluciferase, and extracellular anti‐MUC1 single‐chain variable fragment. The findings of this study indicate that αMUC1‐Exos exhibited notable drug delivery properties toward MUC1‐positive pancreatic cancer cells, resulting in a substantial inhibition of tumor growth. Moreover, these exosomes demonstrated a high level of biosafety and the absence of any adverse effects. The application of engineered exosomes as a vehicle for drug delivery holds promise for enhancing the immunogenicity of neoplastic cells following treatment, thereby inducing antitumor immune memory in mice with intact immune systems, and also improving the response to anti‐PD1 therapy. This approach utilizing engineered exosomes for Gemcitabine administration holds promise as a potential strategy for overcoming drug resistance in pancreatic carcinoma thereby improving the overall treatment efficacy.","PeriodicalId":510850,"journal":{"name":"SmartMat","volume":"20 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139962647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TADF polymer enables over 20% EQE in solution‐processed green fluorescent OLEDs TADF 聚合物使溶液加工的绿色荧光 OLED 的 EQE 超过 20

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1272

L. Yan, Ning Su, Ying Yang, Xue Li, Jieting Sun, Shumeng Wang, Lei Zhao, Liming Ding, Junqiao Ding

{"title":"TADF polymer enables over 20% EQE in solution‐processed green fluorescent OLEDs","authors":"L. Yan, Ning Su, Ying Yang, Xue Li, Jieting Sun, Shumeng Wang, Lei Zhao, Liming Ding, Junqiao Ding","doi":"10.1002/smm2.1272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smm2.1272","url":null,"abstract":"Solution‐processed fluorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are believed to be favorable for low‐cost, large‐area, and flexible displays but still suffer from the limited external quantum efficiency (EQE) below 5%. Herein, we demonstrate the EQE breakthrough by introducing a donor–acceptor type thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) polymer as the sensitizer for the typical green‐emitting fluorescent dopants. Benefitting from their matched energy alignment, the unwanted trap‐assisted recombination directly on fluorescent dopant is prevented to avoid the additional loss of triplet excitons. Indeed, triplet excitons are mainly formed on the polymeric TADF sensitizer via a Langevin recombination and then spin‐flipped to singlet excitons due to the good upconversion capability. Followed by an efficient Förster energy transfer, both singlet and triplet excitons can be harvested by fluorescent dopants, leading to a promising solution‐processed green hyperfluorescence with a record‐high EQE of 21.2% (72.2 cd/A, 59.7 lm/W) and Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage coordinates of (0.32, 0.59). The results clearly highlight the great potential of solution‐processed fluorescent OLEDs based on TADF polymers as the sensitizer.","PeriodicalId":510850,"journal":{"name":"SmartMat","volume":"28 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139962612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reconfigurable and orthogonal stiffness‐structure patterning of dynamically crosslinked amphigels 动态交联两性凝胶的可重构和正交刚度结构图案化

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1255

Chen Yang, Weizhong Zheng, Chujun Ni, Ye Li, Di Chen, Tao Xie, Qiao Zhao

引用次数: 0

Polyelectrolyte complex‐based thermochromic hydrogels containing carbonized polymer dots for smart windows with fast response, excellent solar modulation ability, and high durability 基于聚电解质复合物的热致变色水凝胶，含有碳化聚合物点，可用于具有快速响应、出色的太阳能调节能力和高耐久性的智能窗户

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1256

Yuting Wang, Xu Fang, Siheng Li, Ni An, Hongyu Pan, Junqi Sun

{"title":"Polyelectrolyte complex‐based thermochromic hydrogels containing carbonized polymer dots for smart windows with fast response, excellent solar modulation ability, and high durability","authors":"Yuting Wang, Xu Fang, Siheng Li, Ni An, Hongyu Pan, Junqi Sun","doi":"10.1002/smm2.1256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smm2.1256","url":null,"abstract":"Thermochromic smart windows have gained increasing popularity in light modulation and energy management in buildings. However, the fabrication of flexible thermochromic smart windows with high luminous transmittance (Tlum), tailorable critical temperature (τc), strong solar modulation ability (ΔTsol), and long‐term durability remains a huge challenge. In this study, hydrogel‐based thermochromic smart windows are fabricated by sandwiching thermochromic hydrogels of polyallylamine hydrochloride, polyacrylic acid, and carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) complexes between two pieces of transparent substrates. Benefiting from the incorporation of nanosized CPDs, the thermochromic hydrogel has an ultrahigh Tlum of ~98.7%, a desirable τc of ~24.2 °C, a ΔTsol of ~89.3% and a rapid transition time of ~3 s from opaque state to transparent state. Moreover, the thermochromic hydrogel exhibits excellent anti‐freezing ability, tight adhesion toward various substrates, and excellent self‐healing capability. The self‐healing capability enables the fabrication of large‐area smart windows by welding multiple hydrogel pieces. The smart windows retain their original thermochromic properties after being stored under ambient conditions for at least 147 days or undergoing 10,000 uninterrupted heating/cooling cycles. The model houses with smart windows can achieve a temperature reduction of 9.2 °C, demonstrating the excellent indoor temperature modulation performance of the smart windows.","PeriodicalId":510850,"journal":{"name":"SmartMat","volume":"107 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139391376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fluorescent Nile blue‐functionalized poly (N‐isopropylacrylamide) microgels responsive to temperature and polyamines 对温度和多胺反应的荧光尼罗蓝官能化聚（N-异丙基丙烯酰胺）微凝胶

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1254

Qiming Shen, Changhao Fang, Liang Hu, M. Serpe

{"title":"Fluorescent Nile blue‐functionalized poly (N‐isopropylacrylamide) microgels responsive to temperature and polyamines","authors":"Qiming Shen, Changhao Fang, Liang Hu, M. Serpe","doi":"10.1002/smm2.1254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smm2.1254","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorescent poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐Nile blue) (pNIPAm‐co‐NB) microgels were synthesized that exhibited fluorescence intensity changes in a water temperature‐dependent fashion. NB is well known to exhibit fluorescence intensity that depends on the hydrophobicity of the environment, while pNIPAm‐based microgels are well known to transition from swollen (hydrophilic) to collapsed (relatively hydrophobic) at temperatures greater than 32 °C; hence, we attribute the above behavior to the hydrophobicity changes of the microgels with increasing temperature. This phenomenon is ultimately due to NB dimers (relatively quenched fluorescence) being broken in the hydrophobic environment of the microgels leading to relatively enhanced fluorescence. We went on to show that the introduction of cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) into the pNIPAm‐co‐NB microgels enhanced their fluorescence allowing them to be used for polyamine (e.g., spermine [SPM]) detection. Specifically, CB[7] forms a host–guest interaction with NB in the microgels, which prevents NB dimerization and enhances their fluorescence. When SPM is present, it forms a host–guest complex that is favored over the CB[7]‐NB host–guest interaction, which frees the NB for dimerization and leads to fluorescence quenching. As a result, we could generate an SPM sensor capable of SPM detection down to ~0.5 µmol/L in complicated matrixes such as serum and urine.","PeriodicalId":510850,"journal":{"name":"SmartMat","volume":"82 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139389853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polymer ionogels and their application in flexible ionic devices 聚合物离子凝胶及其在柔性离子装置中的应用

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1253

Jinqiao Wen, Lei Zhou, Tengling Ye

引用次数: 0

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