SmartMat Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.70044

Xin Luo, Yue Zhang, Minghong Zhou, Xinning Dai, Kexin Li, Zhi Song, Yan Li, Dingcai Wu, Shuyi Wu

{"title":"Mucus‐Inspired Drug‐Loaded Bottlebrush Polymer Hydrogel With Easy‐Removable and Shear‐Thinning Characteristics Enables Effective Treatment of Persistent Root Canal Infection","authors":"Xin Luo, Yue Zhang, Minghong Zhou, Xinning Dai, Kexin Li, Zhi Song, Yan Li, Dingcai Wu, Shuyi Wu","doi":"10.1002/smm2.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smm2.70044","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Existing hydrogels pose challenges for the applications in transitional medication within narrow cavities due to the inherent conflict between fluidity and shape retention. Herein, inspired by mucus, a bottlebrush polymer hydrogel (denoted as PH‐PG‐T hydrogel) with excellent injectability, stable antibacterial property, and easy removability is developed by grafting poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate side‐chains from polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate backbones and incorporating triple antibiotics. As a transitional disinfectant in tooth root canal treatment, PH‐PG‐T hydrogel fulfills requirements for an ideal disinfectant thorough treatment process. The polymer side‐chains of PH‐PG‐T hydrogel disentangle during injection to facilitate canal filling and rapidly re‐entangle after injection to enable in situ gelation and sustained antibiotics release. After medication, PH‐PG‐T hydrogel quickly dissolves in water during irrigation, facilitating its complete removal from the root canal. These findings highlight a promising avenue for the novel application of bottlebrush polymers as a high‐performance disinfectant to control persistent root canal infections.","PeriodicalId":510850,"journal":{"name":"SmartMat","volume":"6 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/smm2.70044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147332888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Gecko's Toes‐Inspired High‐Adhesive and Self‐Healable Elastomer in Marine Conditions: Humidity‐Triggered Crosslinking and Damage Sensing 海洋条件下壁虎脚趾启发的高粘性和自愈合弹性体：湿度触发交联和损伤传感

SmartMat Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.70018

Sihan Gu, Dezhi Jiao, Cheng Li, En‐Kang Wu, Zhengsen Wang, Lan‐Yue Cui, Chengbao Liu

{"title":"Gecko's Toes‐Inspired High‐Adhesive and Self‐Healable Elastomer in Marine Conditions: Humidity‐Triggered Crosslinking and Damage Sensing","authors":"Sihan Gu, Dezhi Jiao, Cheng Li, En‐Kang Wu, Zhengsen Wang, Lan‐Yue Cui, Chengbao Liu","doi":"10.1002/smm2.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smm2.70018","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The development of smart materials capable of underwater self‐healing, mechanical robustness and damage‐healing sensing attributes holds great promise for applications in marine energy exploitation. However, achieving excellent humidity self‐healing, superior adhesion, and effective damage sensing and monitoring properties simultaneously is challenging because the disturbance of water molecules to dynamic‐interaction reconstruction. Herein, inspired by gecko's toes, an ultra‐robust environmental adaptative self‐healing supramolecular elastomer is designed by molecular engineering of water‐insensitive dynamic network, which possesses efficient self‐healing and visual damage sensing capabilities. Through coupling design of hierarchical hydrogen bonds, humidity‐tolerant catechol coordination and photothermal sensitivity moiety, the elastomer achieves high Young's modulus (157.72 MPa) and superior self‐healing efficiency (84.68%). Moreover, the autonomous association between catechol groups and steel surface endows the resultant elastomer with outstanding adhesion force (12.82 MPa) in humid conditions. Furthermore, this elastomer can be fabricated as a patch covered on steel substrates. The damage‐healing dynamics and interfacial failure characteristics are visually demonstrated by the reversible fracture and reconstruction of iron‐catechol coordination bonds, realizing real‐time damage sensing and monitoring. This study provides a novel strategy for the design of next‐generation smart protective materials in harsh marine environment, and expected for ensuring the stable operation of marine energy mining equipment.","PeriodicalId":510850,"journal":{"name":"SmartMat","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/smm2.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Modulating Oxygen Affinity to Enhance Liquid Products for the Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Monoxide 调节氧亲和性以提高电化学还原一氧化碳的液体产物

SmartMat Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.70010

Jiayi Chen, Juan Manuel Arce‐Ramos, Ioannis Katsounaros, Emiel de Smit, Saifudin Abubakar, Yanwei Lum, Jia Zhang, Lei Wang

{"title":"Modulating Oxygen Affinity to Enhance Liquid Products for the Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Monoxide","authors":"Jiayi Chen, Juan Manuel Arce‐Ramos, Ioannis Katsounaros, Emiel de Smit, Saifudin Abubakar, Yanwei Lum, Jia Zhang, Lei Wang","doi":"10.1002/smm2.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smm2.70010","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Electrocatalytic CO reduction (COR) offers a promising alternative approach for synthesizing valuable chemicals, potentially at a lower carbon intensity as compared to conventional chemical production. Cu‐based catalysts have shown encouraging selectivity and activity toward multi‐carbon (C 2+ ) products, albeit typically in the form of a mixture. Steering COR selectivity toward specific types of C 2+ products, such as liquid products with high energy density, remains a challenge. In this study, we developed a Cu/Zn bimetallic catalyst composite and demonstrated enhanced selectivity toward liquid products as compared to reference CuO and Cu‐based catalysts, approaching 60% at a high current density of 300 mA/cm 2 . Our investigation highlights that the introduction of Zn promoted the emergence of a Cu/Zn heterojunction interface during COR. Density functional theory simulations were used to rationalize the observed differences in selectivity, revealing that interface plays a crucial role in diminishing the oxygen adsorption at the Cu‐sites and modifying the adsorption energy of COR reaction intermediates, consequently leading to enhanced selectivity toward liquid products.","PeriodicalId":510850,"journal":{"name":"SmartMat","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/smm2.70010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147334142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Reproducible and acid‐responsive Rhodamine B/PEG functioned nanographene oxide‐Au nanocomposites for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering sensing 用于表面增强拉曼散射传感的可重复和酸响应的罗丹明 B/PEG 功能纳米氧化石墨烯-金纳米复合材料

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1305

Wenhao Qian, Min Xing, Mao Ye, Xiaoyu Huang, Yongjun Li, Bingjie Hao

{"title":"Reproducible and acid‐responsive Rhodamine B/PEG functioned nanographene oxide‐Au nanocomposites for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering sensing","authors":"Wenhao Qian, Min Xing, Mao Ye, Xiaoyu Huang, Yongjun Li, Bingjie Hao","doi":"10.1002/smm2.1305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smm2.1305","url":null,"abstract":"Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been visualized as a promising analytical technique in marked‐molecule detection for disease diagnosis, environmental pollution, and so on. Noble metal nanoparticles, especially gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), are commonly used to fabricate SERS substrates. Herein, we facilely fabricated a special platform to improve the dispersity and homogeneity of AuNPs. Practically, based on nano‐graphene oxide (GO), a special platform (s‐GO‐PEG‐R'hB) was prepared through GO functionalization with biocompatible poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), acid‐activated fluorescence molecule (Rhodamine B lactam derivative, R'hB) and thiol sites with cysteamine. AuNPs were then in situ grown on s‐GO‐PEG‐R'hB sheets to provide GO/AuNPs nanocomposite (Au@s‐GO‐PEG‐R'hB) for use as an efficient SERS substrate, which can exert unique electromagnetic characteristics of AuNPs and improve its dispersity. With systematic morphology and composition characterizations, it was confirmed that uniform AuNPs were located on multi‐functionalized GO sheets in Au@s‐GO‐PEG‐R'hB as we designed. Au@s‐GO‐PEG‐R'hB performed well in SERS detection towards 4‐aminothiophenol (4‐ATP) and p‐phenylenediamine (PD), with preferable sensibility, stability and effectiveness. With well‐knit SERS results, it is indicated that Au@s‐GO‐PEG‐R'hB could take the advantages of inherent electrochemical properties of AuNPs and functionalized GO to be a potential substrate in SERS detection. Thus, it is foreseen that Au@s‐GO‐PEG‐R'hB can meet diverse SERS sensing demands in real life.","PeriodicalId":510850,"journal":{"name":"SmartMat","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141825552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toward highly sensitive, selective, and stable palladium‐based MEMS gas sensors for hydrogen energy security 为氢能源安全开发高灵敏度、高选择性和高稳定性的钯基 MEMS 气体传感器

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1303

Yuxin Zhao, Yanli Zhao

引用次数: 0

A sensory–neuromorphic interface capable of environmental perception, sensory coding, and biological stimuli 能够感知环境、感知编码和生物刺激的感知-超形态接口

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1290

Lin Sun, Yi Du, Zichen Zhang, Siru Qin, Zixian Wang, Yue Li, Shangda Qu, Zhifang Xu, Yi Guo, Wentao Xu

{"title":"A sensory–neuromorphic interface capable of environmental perception, sensory coding, and biological stimuli","authors":"Lin Sun, Yi Du, Zichen Zhang, Siru Qin, Zixian Wang, Yue Li, Shangda Qu, Zhifang Xu, Yi Guo, Wentao Xu","doi":"10.1002/smm2.1290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smm2.1290","url":null,"abstract":"The sensory–neuromorphic interface is key to the application of neuromorphic electronics. Artificial spiking neurons and artificial sensory nerves have been created, and a few studies showed a complete neuromorphic system through cointegration with synaptic electronics. However, artificial synaptic devices and systems often do not work in real environments, which limits their ability to provide realistic neural simulations and interface with biological nerves. We report a sensory–neuromorphic interface that uses a fiber synapse to emulate a biological afferent nerve. For the first time, a sensing–neuromorphic interface is connected to a living organism for peripheral nerve stimulation, allowing the organism to establish a connection with its surrounding environment. The interface converts perceived environmental information into analog electrical signals and then into frequency‐dependent pulse signals, which simplify the information interface between the sensor and the pulse‐data processing center. The frequency of the interface shows a sublinear dependence on strain amplitude at different stimulus intensities, and can deliver increased frequency spikes at potentially damaging stimulus intensities, similar to the response of biological afferent nerves. To verify the application of this interface, a system that monitors strain and provides an overstrain alarm was constructed based on this afferent neural circuit. The system has a response time of <2 ms, which is compatible with the response time in biological systems. The interface can be potentially extended to process signals from almost any type of sensors for other afferent senses, and these results demonstrate the potential for neuromorphic interfaces to be applied to bionic sensory interfaces.","PeriodicalId":510850,"journal":{"name":"SmartMat","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140968627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Magnetic soft centirobot to mitigate biological threats 减轻生物威胁的磁性软蜈蚣机器人

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1289

Jayraj V. Vaghasiya, Carmen C. Mayorga-Martinez, Jaroslav Zelenka, Shelja Sharma, Tomas Ruml, M. Pumera

{"title":"Magnetic soft centirobot to mitigate biological threats","authors":"Jayraj V. Vaghasiya, Carmen C. Mayorga-Martinez, Jaroslav Zelenka, Shelja Sharma, Tomas Ruml, M. Pumera","doi":"10.1002/smm2.1289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smm2.1289","url":null,"abstract":"Soft robots have drawn a lot of interest in the field of human–robot interfaces because they can mimic the propulsion of soft bodies and archive complex tasks that cannot be made by rigid robots such as performing the complex motion, avoiding collisions by absorbing impacts, and shape adaptation by elastic deformation. Herein, drawing inspiration from creatures in the Cambrian period, such as Hallucigenia, we develop a centimeter‐sized soft robot with multiple magnetic legs (referred to as a soft centirobot). This robot is equipped with graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) nanosheets to kill biological threats by photogenerated reactive oxygen species under black light illumination. The motion of g‐C3N4 soft centirobot is controlled by magnetic actuation even in complex wastewater samples (with a relative speed of 0.12 body lengths per second). The magnetic multilegs work as a propeller to walk across and cover large regions, and water disinfection is more efficient than what could be achieved by nano/micrometer scale sheets of g‐C3N4. Finally, factors affecting the accelerated propulsion of g‐C3N4 soft centirobot such as design principle, structure geometry, body mass, driving mechanism, and magnetic sensitivity, have been investigated. We envision that such a photoactive 2D material‐based integrated centimeter‐sized robot shall find application in many areas where pathogen removal is required.","PeriodicalId":510850,"journal":{"name":"SmartMat","volume":" 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140996518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A drug delivery platform using engineered MUC1‐targeting exosomes enhances chemosensitivity and immunogenic cell death in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma 利用工程化 MUC1 靶向外泌体的给药平台可增强胰腺导管腺癌的化疗敏感性和免疫性细胞死亡

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1279

Meng Guo, Chen Sun, Ruolan Liu, Jiao Jiang, Yuping Qian, Yulong Yang, Qinying Sun, Yuchao Dong, Yan Zhao, Yanfang Liu

{"title":"A drug delivery platform using engineered MUC1‐targeting exosomes enhances chemosensitivity and immunogenic cell death in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","authors":"Meng Guo, Chen Sun, Ruolan Liu, Jiao Jiang, Yuping Qian, Yulong Yang, Qinying Sun, Yuchao Dong, Yan Zhao, Yanfang Liu","doi":"10.1002/smm2.1279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smm2.1279","url":null,"abstract":"Exosomes, a specific subset of extracellular vesicles, have diverse functions in various biological processes. In the field of cancer research, there has been a growing interest in the potential of exosomes to act as versatile vehicles for targeted tumor imaging and therapy. In this study, we constructed a targeted delivery platform using hypoimmunogenic exosomes by genetically modifying β2‐microglobulin knocking‐out HEK‐293F cells to express a fusion protein, referred to as αMUC1‐Exo, which comprises the exosomal membrane‐enriched platelet‐derived growth factor receptor, intracellular nanoluciferase, and extracellular anti‐MUC1 single‐chain variable fragment. The findings of this study indicate that αMUC1‐Exos exhibited notable drug delivery properties toward MUC1‐positive pancreatic cancer cells, resulting in a substantial inhibition of tumor growth. Moreover, these exosomes demonstrated a high level of biosafety and the absence of any adverse effects. The application of engineered exosomes as a vehicle for drug delivery holds promise for enhancing the immunogenicity of neoplastic cells following treatment, thereby inducing antitumor immune memory in mice with intact immune systems, and also improving the response to anti‐PD1 therapy. This approach utilizing engineered exosomes for Gemcitabine administration holds promise as a potential strategy for overcoming drug resistance in pancreatic carcinoma thereby improving the overall treatment efficacy.","PeriodicalId":510850,"journal":{"name":"SmartMat","volume":"20 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139962647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TADF polymer enables over 20% EQE in solution‐processed green fluorescent OLEDs TADF 聚合物使溶液加工的绿色荧光 OLED 的 EQE 超过 20

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1272

L. Yan, Ning Su, Ying Yang, Xue Li, Jieting Sun, Shumeng Wang, Lei Zhao, Liming Ding, Junqiao Ding

{"title":"TADF polymer enables over 20% EQE in solution‐processed green fluorescent OLEDs","authors":"L. Yan, Ning Su, Ying Yang, Xue Li, Jieting Sun, Shumeng Wang, Lei Zhao, Liming Ding, Junqiao Ding","doi":"10.1002/smm2.1272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smm2.1272","url":null,"abstract":"Solution‐processed fluorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are believed to be favorable for low‐cost, large‐area, and flexible displays but still suffer from the limited external quantum efficiency (EQE) below 5%. Herein, we demonstrate the EQE breakthrough by introducing a donor–acceptor type thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) polymer as the sensitizer for the typical green‐emitting fluorescent dopants. Benefitting from their matched energy alignment, the unwanted trap‐assisted recombination directly on fluorescent dopant is prevented to avoid the additional loss of triplet excitons. Indeed, triplet excitons are mainly formed on the polymeric TADF sensitizer via a Langevin recombination and then spin‐flipped to singlet excitons due to the good upconversion capability. Followed by an efficient Förster energy transfer, both singlet and triplet excitons can be harvested by fluorescent dopants, leading to a promising solution‐processed green hyperfluorescence with a record‐high EQE of 21.2% (72.2 cd/A, 59.7 lm/W) and Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage coordinates of (0.32, 0.59). The results clearly highlight the great potential of solution‐processed fluorescent OLEDs based on TADF polymers as the sensitizer.","PeriodicalId":510850,"journal":{"name":"SmartMat","volume":"28 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139962612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reconfigurable and orthogonal stiffness‐structure patterning of dynamically crosslinked amphigels 动态交联两性凝胶的可重构和正交刚度结构图案化

SmartMat Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1002/smm2.1255

Chen Yang, Weizhong Zheng, Chujun Ni, Ye Li, Di Chen, Tao Xie, Qiao Zhao

引用次数: 0

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