European Journal of Applied Mathematics最新文献_第5页

Effects of concurrency on epidemic spreading in Markovian temporal networks 马尔可夫时间网络中并发性对流行病传播的影响

4区数学

European Journal of Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1017/s095679252300027x

Ruodan Liu, Masaki Ogura, Elohim Fonseca Dos Reis, Naoki Masuda

{"title":"Effects of concurrency on epidemic spreading in Markovian temporal networks","authors":"Ruodan Liu, Masaki Ogura, Elohim Fonseca Dos Reis, Naoki Masuda","doi":"10.1017/s095679252300027x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s095679252300027x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The concurrency of edges, quantified by the number of edges that share a common node at a given time point, may be an important determinant of epidemic processes in temporal networks. We propose theoretically tractable Markovian temporal network models in which each edge flips between the active and inactive states in continuous time. The different models have different amounts of concurrency while we can tune the models to share the same statistics of edge activation and deactivation (and hence the fraction of time for which each edge is active) and the structure of the aggregate (i.e., static) network. We analytically calculate the amount of concurrency of edges sharing a node for each model. We then numerically study effects of concurrency on epidemic spreading in the stochastic susceptible-infectious-susceptible and susceptible-infectious-recovered dynamics on the proposed temporal network models. We find that the concurrency enhances epidemic spreading near the epidemic threshold, while this effect is small in many cases. Furthermore, when the infection rate is substantially larger than the epidemic threshold, the concurrency suppresses epidemic spreading in a majority of cases. In sum, our numerical simulations suggest that the impact of concurrency on enhancing epidemic spreading within our model is consistently present near the epidemic threshold but modest. The proposed temporal network models are expected to be useful for investigating effects of concurrency on various collective dynamics on networks including both infectious and other dynamics.","PeriodicalId":51046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135885139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sharp asymptotic profile of the solution to a West Nile virus model with free boundary 具有自由边界的西尼罗病毒模型解的尖锐渐近轮廓

4区数学

European Journal of Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1017/s0956792523000281

Zhiguo Wang, Hua Nie, Yihong Du

{"title":"Sharp asymptotic profile of the solution to a West Nile virus model with free boundary","authors":"Zhiguo Wang, Hua Nie, Yihong Du","doi":"10.1017/s0956792523000281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0956792523000281","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We consider the long-time behaviour of a West Nile virus (WNv) model consisting of a reaction–diffusion system with free boundaries. Such a model describes the spreading of WNv with the free boundary representing the expanding front of the infected region, which is a time-dependent interval $[g(t), h(t)]$ in the model (Lin and Zhu, Spatial spreading model and dynamics of West Nile virus in birds and mosquitoes with free boundary. J. Math. Biol. 75, 1381–1409, 2017). The asymptotic spreading speed of the front has been determined in Wang et al. (Spreading speed for a West Nile virus model with free boundary. J. Math. Biol. 79, 433–466, 2019) by making use of the associated semi-wave solution, namely $lim _{tto infty } h(t)/t=lim _{tto infty }[!-g(t)/t]=c_nu$ , with $c_nu$ the speed of the semi-wave solution. In this paper, by employing new techniques, we significantly improve the estimate in Wang et al. (Spreading speed for a West Nile virus model with free boundary. J. Math. Biol. 79, 433–466, 2019): we show that $h(t)-c_nu t$ and $g(t)+c_nu t$ converge to some constants as $tto infty$ , and the solution of the model converges to the semi-wave solution. The results also apply to a wide class of analogous Ross–MacDonold epidemic models.","PeriodicalId":51046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generalised solution to a 2D parabolic-parabolic chemotaxis system for urban crime: Global existence and large-time behaviour 城市犯罪的二维抛物-抛物趋化系统的一般解:全局存在性和大时间行为

4区数学

European Journal of Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1017/s0956792523000268

Bin Li, Li Xie

引用次数: 0

Steady-state solutions for a reaction–diffusion equation with Robin boundary conditions: Application to the control of dengue vectors 具有Robin边界条件的反应扩散方程的稳态解:在登革热病媒控制中的应用

4区数学

European Journal of Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1017/s0956792523000256

Luís Almeida, Pierre-Alexandre Bliman, Nga Nguyen, Nicolas Vauchelet

引用次数: 0

Editorial “Symmetries and differential equations” 编者按:对称与微分方程

4区数学

European Journal of Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1017/s0956792523000165

Stephen Anco, Philip Broadbridge

引用次数: 0

Breakdown of electroneutrality in polyelectrolyte gels 聚电解质凝胶中电中性的分解

IF 1.9 4区数学

European Journal of Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.1017/s0956792523000244

M. G. Hennessy, Giulia L. Celora, Sarah L. Waters, A. Münch, B. Wagner

{"title":"Breakdown of electroneutrality in polyelectrolyte gels","authors":"M. G. Hennessy, Giulia L. Celora, Sarah L. Waters, A. Münch, B. Wagner","doi":"10.1017/s0956792523000244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0956792523000244","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Mathematical models of polyelectrolyte gels are often simplified by assuming the gel is electrically neutral. The rationale behind this assumption is that the thickness of the electric double layer (EDL) at the free surface of the gel is small compared to the size of the gel. Hence, the thin-EDL limit is taken, in which the thickness of the EDL is set to zero. Despite the widespread use of the thin-EDL limit, the solutions in the EDL are rarely computed and shown to match to the solutions for the electrically neutral bulk. The aims of this paper are to study the structure of the EDL and establish the validity of the thin-EDL limit. The model for the gel accounts for phase separation, which gives rise to diffuse interfaces with a thickness described by the Kuhn length. We show that the solutions in the EDL can only be asymptotically matched to the solutions for an electrically neutral bulk, in general, when the Debye length is much smaller than the Kuhn length. If the Debye length is similar to or larger than the Kuhn length, then phase separation can be initiated in the EDL. This phase separation spreads into the bulk of the gel and gives rise to electrically charged layers with different degrees of swelling. Thus, the thin-EDL limit and the assumption of electroneutrality only generally apply when the Debye length is much smaller than the Kuhn length.","PeriodicalId":51046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43129757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A nonconservative kinetic framework under the action of an external force field: Theoretical results with application inspired to ecology 外力场作用下的非保守动力学框架:启发生态学应用的理论结果

IF 1.9 4区数学

European Journal of Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1017/s0956792523000232

B. Carbonaro, Marco Menale

{"title":"A nonconservative kinetic framework under the action of an external force field: Theoretical results with application inspired to ecology","authors":"B. Carbonaro, Marco Menale","doi":"10.1017/s0956792523000232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0956792523000232","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The present paper deals with the kinetic-theoretic description of the evolution of systems consisting of many particles interacting not only with each other but also with the external world, so that the equation governing their evolution contains an additional term representing such interaction, called the ‘forcing term’. Firstly, the interactions between pairs of particles are both conservative and nonconservative; the latter represents, among others, birth/death rates. The ‘forcing term’ does not express a ‘classical’ force exerted by the external world on the particles, but a more general influence on the effects of mutual interactions of particles, for instance, climate changes, that increase or decrease the different agricultural productions at different times, thus altering the economic relationships between different subsystems, that in turn can be also perturbed by stock market fluctuations, sudden wars, periodic epidemics, and so on. Thus, the interest towards these problems moves the mathematical analysis of the effects of different kinds of forcing terms on solutions to equations governing the collective (that is statistical) behaviour of such nonconservative many-particle systems. In the present paper, we offer a study of the basic mathematical properties of such solutions, along with some numerical simulations to show the effects of forcing terms for a classical prey–predator model in ecology.","PeriodicalId":51046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47466315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spreading dynamics of a diffusive epidemic model with free boundaries and two delays 具有自由边界和两个时滞的扩散流行病模型的传播动力学

IF 1.9 4区数学

European Journal of Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.1017/s0956792523000220

Qiaoling Chen, Sanyi Tang, Z. Teng, Feng Wang

引用次数: 1

The effect of pore-scale contaminant distribution on the reactive decontamination of porous media 孔隙尺度污染物分布对多孔介质活性去污的影响

IF 1.9 4区数学

European Journal of Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-08-08 DOI: 10.1017/s0956792523000219

E. Luckins, C. Breward, I. Griffiths, C. Please

{"title":"The effect of pore-scale contaminant distribution on the reactive decontamination of porous media","authors":"E. Luckins, C. Breward, I. Griffiths, C. Please","doi":"10.1017/s0956792523000219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0956792523000219","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A porous material that has been contaminated with a hazardous chemical agent is typically decontaminated by applying a cleanser solution to the surface and allowing the cleanser to react into the porous material, neutralising the agent. The agent and cleanser are often immiscible fluids and so, if the porous material is initially saturated with agent, a reaction front develops with the decontamination reaction occurring at this interface between the fluids. We investigate the effect of different initial agent configurations within the pore space on the decontamination process. Specifically, we compare the decontamination of a material initially saturated by the agent with the situation when, initially, the agent only coats the walls of the pores (referred to as the ‘agent-on-walls’ case). In previous work (Luckins et al., European Journal of Applied Mathematics, 31(5):782–805, 2020), we derived homogenised models for both of these decontamination scenarios, and in this paper we explore the solutions of these two models. We find that, for an identical initial volume of agent, the decontamination time is generally much faster for the agent-on-walls case compared with the initially saturated case, since the surface area on which the reaction can occur is greater. However for sufficiently deep spills of contaminant, or sufficiently slow reaction rates, decontamination in the agent-on-walls scenario can be slower. We also show that, in the limit of a dilute cleanser with a deep initial agent spill, the agent-on-walls model exhibits behaviour akin to a Stefan problem of the same form as that arising in the initially saturated model. The decontamination time is shown to decrease with both the applied cleanser concentration and the rate of the chemical reaction. However, increasing the cleanser concentration is also shown to result in lower decontamination efficiency, with an increase in the amount of cleanser chemical that is wasted.","PeriodicalId":51046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46549282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Instability of axisymmetric flow in thermocapillary liquid bridges: Kinetic and thermal energy budgets for two-phase flow with temperature-dependent material properties 热毛细液桥中轴对称流动的不稳定性:具有温度依赖材料特性的两相流的动能和热能收支

IF 1.9 4区数学

European Journal of Applied Mathematics Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI: 10.1017/s0956792523000189

M. Stojanović, F. Romanò, H. Kuhlmann

{"title":"Instability of axisymmetric flow in thermocapillary liquid bridges: Kinetic and thermal energy budgets for two-phase flow with temperature-dependent material properties","authors":"M. Stojanović, F. Romanò, H. Kuhlmann","doi":"10.1017/s0956792523000189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0956792523000189","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In numerical linear stability investigations, the rates of change of the kinetic and thermal energy of the perturbation flow are often used to identify the dominant mechanisms by which kinetic or thermal energy is exchanged between the basic and the perturbation flow. Extending the conventional energy analysis for a single-phase Boussinesq fluid, the energy budgets of arbitrary infinitesimal perturbations to the basic two-phase liquid–gas flow are derived for an axisymmetric thermocapillary bridge when the material parameters in both phases depend on the temperature. This allows identifying individual transport terms and assessing their contributions to the instability if the basic flow and the critical mode are evaluated at criticality. The full closed-form energy budgets of linear modes have been derived for thermocapillary two-phase flow taking into account the temperature dependence of all thermophysical parameters. The influence of different approximations to the temperature dependence on the linear stability boundary of the axisymmetric flow in thermocapillary liquid bridges is tested regarding their accuracy. The general mechanism of symmetry breaking turns out to be very robust.","PeriodicalId":51046,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Applied Mathematics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45520194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0