Jishuo Ye, Xunchi Fang, Ying Liu, Zhiji Liu, Jian Wu
{"title":"Grafting Amino‐Terminated Ionic Liquid to Graphene Oxide Toward Multi‐Bonding Synergy for Ultra‐High Strength Polyamide 56 Composite Fibers","authors":"Jishuo Ye, Xunchi Fang, Ying Liu, Zhiji Liu, Jian Wu","doi":"10.1002/pc.71300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.71300","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Polyamide 56 (PA56) is a competitive bio‐based polymer but its insufficient mechanical properties restrict its use in advanced applications. Graphene oxide (GO), normally via surface modification toward higher interfacial interaction, is an ideal reinforcing filler for polymers. Herein, an amino‐terminated ionic liquid (AIL) is grafted to carboxyl functionalized GO (CGO) with aims to form multi‐bonding networks with PA56, including covalent bonding, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interaction. The resulting CGO‐AIL contains abundant IL at the edge and basal plane of GO, as well as residual carboxyl groups. By filling only 0.2 wt% CGO‐AIL to PA56 fiber, the crystallinity of the composite fiber increases from 24.9% to 31.6%. The tensile strength of 0.2% CGO‐AIL/PA56 fiber reaches 1555 MPa, which is 3.3 times higher than neat PA56 fiber. For comparison, 0.2 wt% GO and 0.2 wt% CGO only increase the tensile strength to 1211 and 1247 MPa, respectively. This suggests that carboxyl modification brings very limited enhancement for GO/PA56, while IL modification is able to form stronger interfacial interactions for the multi‐bonding synergy. This work provides an efficient strategy for the interfacial engineering toward high‐strength GO/polymer composites.","PeriodicalId":510403,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Composites","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148305503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guan Wang, Zetian Zhang, Lei Zhang, Ting Li, S. J. Li, Jing Li, Qiang Cao, Junwei Yuan
{"title":"A Mild Interfacial Grafting Strategy for Enhancing Carbon Fiber‐Reinforced Polyamide 6 Composites","authors":"Guan Wang, Zetian Zhang, Lei Zhang, Ting Li, S. J. Li, Jing Li, Qiang Cao, Junwei Yuan","doi":"10.1002/pc.71299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.71299","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Surface grafting modification of carbon fiber (CF) faces the challenges due to complex reaction conditions and prolonged reaction time. It is urgent to develop mild and efficient methods for CF modification to meet industrial applications. Herein, we report a novel grafting CF modification technique at room temperature, where polyethyleneimine (PEI) is grafted to the activated CF, followed by amidation via interfacial polymerization. The modified CF is systematically characterized by surface chemical analysis and morphology evaluation. Mechanical testing reveals that the flexural strength and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of the modified CF reinforced polyamide 6 (CF‐PEI/PA6) composites reach 685.29 and 65.98 MPa, respectively, which are 68.42% and 62.01% higher than those of the desized CF composites. These enhancements are attributed to the synergistic effects of strong covalent bonding, rich active sites, and distributed cross‐linking regions brought by the continuous grafting layer at the interface. This method innovatively constructs the resin‐like structure on CF surface through fully covalent bonding, offering a mild and efficient pathway for interface modification of composite materials with potential for industrial‐scale application.","PeriodicalId":510403,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Composites","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148305599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qing Li, Dan Xing, Jiaqi Song, Lu Xing, Rui Wang, Fangyuan Yang, Peng‐Cheng Ma
{"title":"Preparation of Polyurethane‐Based Sizing and Its Effect on the Mechanical Properties of Basalt Fiber/Polyamide 6 Composites","authors":"Qing Li, Dan Xing, Jiaqi Song, Lu Xing, Rui Wang, Fangyuan Yang, Peng‐Cheng Ma","doi":"10.1002/pc.71129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.71129","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Basalt fiber (BF), an eco‐friendly high‐performance fiber, exhibits inherent limitations such as surface inertness and poor interfacial compatibility with thermoplastic matrices including polyamide 6 (PA‐6), which hinder its application in composites. To address this issue, this study developed a novel waterborne polyurethane (WPU)‐based sizing for BF. This approach leverages the structural similarity between the urethane bonds (–NHCOO–) in WPU and the amide groups (–NHCO–) in PA‐6 to enhance fiber–matrix adhesion. Using a Taguchi orthogonal design, the optimized sizing composition was determined to comprise 2 wt% film former, 0.25 wt% coupling agent, 0.3 wt% lubricant, and 0.1 wt% antistatic agent. The study further investigated the effect of sizing on the mechanical performance of BF and BF/PA‐6 composites. Results showed that the concentration of the coupling agent (KH‐550) in the sizing formulation significantly influenced the tensile strength of BF. Moreover, sizing markedly improved the composite properties by promoting both physical entanglement and chemical bonding at the fiber–matrix interface. The interfacial shear strength of the composites treated with the optimized sizing reached 17.05 MPa, which is four times higher than that of the unsized composites. These findings provide an effective strategy for tailoring sizing chemistries to protect the fiber surface and overcome interfacial challenges in BF/PA‐6 composites.","PeriodicalId":510403,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Composites","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147878614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Machine Learning Prediction of Tribological Properties of Graphene‐Reinforced Perfluoroelastomer Composites Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Experimental Research","authors":"Shengbo Jin, Jing Zhao, Xueying Tan, Bowen Jiang","doi":"10.1002/pc.70854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.70854","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aims to develop high‐performance polymer nanocomposites based on perfluoroelastomers (FFKM) using an integrated framework that combines molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, machine learning (ML), and experiments to investigate the factors governing tribological behavior. The friction coefficient shows negative correlations with temperature, normal load, and sliding velocity. Increasing the sliding velocity raises the average diffusion coefficient from 0.00422 to 0.04300. Increasing the normal load increases the transfer film thickness by 39.13% and reduces surface roughness by 36.19%. The SDM model achieves the highest prediction accuracy (R 2 = 0.9662), outperforming conventional algorithms. Among six friction test conditions, the minimum friction coefficient is 1.339. Two conditions with identical PV values of 0.1 exhibit similar friction coefficients (1.604 and 1.646). The experimental trends are consistent with the MD and ML results.","PeriodicalId":510403,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Composites","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147902080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingyu Zhang, Yun Zhen Jia, Yan Zhang, Lei Meng, Shumao Li, Chunhua Zhang
{"title":"Study on Mechanical Properties, Corrosion Resistance, and Antibacterial Properties of Glass Fiber/Epoxy Composite Prepared by Wet Winding Process","authors":"Mingyu Zhang, Yun Zhen Jia, Yan Zhang, Lei Meng, Shumao Li, Chunhua Zhang","doi":"10.1002/pc.70827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.70827","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this study, an epoxy/anhydride resin was designed and synthesized utilizing co‐catalysts composed of tertiary amines and quaternary ammonium salts, alongside co‐antibacterial agents including thiol compounds and quaternary ammonium cations. The resulting resin system demonstrated a low viscosity of 350 mPa·s and exhibited a prolonged service life of 10 h at 25°C, thereby fulfilling the requirements of the wet winding process. The resin catalyzed by the co‐catalyst displayed an optimal cross‐linked network in which polyester and polyether coexisted, achieving a remarkable cross‐linking degree of up to 98.3%. The high degree of cross‐linking effectively reduced the penetration of water molecules or solutions into the resin structure, significantly enhancing its resistance to moisture as well as corrosion from acids and salts. Consequently, after immersion in water, NaCl and H 2 SO 4 solutions at 65°C for 30 days, the flexural strength retention rates were recorded at 93%, 92%, and 95%, respectively. Furthermore, the resin exhibited excellent long‐term antibacterial efficacy against four types of bacteria: Thermotolerant coliform colonies, Enterobacter cloacae , Enterococcus faecalis , and Enterococcus faecium . Therefore, the epoxy/anhydride resin holds promising application potential in reverse osmosis membrane housings (RO‐MH) manufacturing for seawater desalination as well as chemical water purification processes.","PeriodicalId":510403,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Composites","volume":"47 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147922094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanan Sun, Zuquan Jin, Bo Pang, Lin Yang, Shicai Li, Zhixin Wang
{"title":"Synergistic Molecular Barrier and Hybrid Network Modifications for Enhanced Durability of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites in Concrete","authors":"Yanan Sun, Zuquan Jin, Bo Pang, Lin Yang, Shicai Li, Zhixin Wang","doi":"10.1002/pc.70842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.70842","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites find extensive application in the field of concrete structures, but their long‐term performance is critically limited by the degradation of the polymer matrix under alkaline concrete environments. This paper presents a twofold modification strategy of using molecular barriers and stable crosslinking structure in the resin to improve its hydrophobicity, alkali hydrolysis, and interfacial bonding, and thus increase the durability of the GFRP composites. Results show that the synergistically modified system exhibits a 98.84% increase in hydrophobicity (contact angle: 140.58°) and an 80.70% reduction in surface roughness after alkali exposure, compared with the unmodified resin. After being subjected to prolonged alkaline aging, the modified resin shows a 61.21% increase in tensile strength retention, while the associated GFRP bars exhibit a 19.68% improvement in their strength retention. In addition, the synergistic effect of the three‐dimensional hybrid structure significantly enhances the interfacial adhesion between the fiber and resin. The interfacial interaction energy between the modified resin and glass fiber increased to 16 kJ/mol, accompanied by a 135.29% increase in maximum debonding strain. Therefore, this work provides a chemically synergistic and functionally graded resin matrix, which enables GFRP composites to retain long‐term performance in highly alkaline and corrosive concrete environments.","PeriodicalId":510403,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Composites","volume":"47 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147898232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydrangea‐Inspired Multi‐Scale Hybrids: Rational In Situ Assembly of Nickel Phyllosilicates on Polyphosphazene Microspheres to Fabricate Highly Robust, Toughened and Wear‐Resistant Epoxy Composites","authors":"Jinian Yang, Hanxing Yang, Xia Xu, Yuxuan Xu, Dehan Chen, Weilong Chen, Zhoufeng Wang, Shibin Nie","doi":"10.1002/pc.70849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.70849","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Epoxy resin (EP) is widely used in machinery and electronics but suffers from marked brittleness and poor wear resistance, which limits its further application under high‐speed and heavy‐load conditions. To address this issue, hydrangea‐inspired multi‐scale hybrid particles were rationally designed, with polyphosphazene microspheres (PZM) serving as the substrate and nickel phyllosilicates (NiPS) nanosheets as the decorations. The as‐synthesized multi‐scale PZM@NiPS hybrids, combining the organic flexibility of PZM and the inorganic rigidity of NiPS, were incorporated into EP matrix at various mass fractions to fabricate a series of composites. Results indicate that the decorated inorganic nanosheets endow PZM@NiPS with a significantly rough surface, contributing to well‐bonded interfaces and homogeneous dispersion; these features collectively enhance the mechanical performance of EP/PZM@NiPS composites. When 0.5 wt.% PZM@NiPS is added, the tensile strength, fracture elongation and fracture energy increase by 7.92%, 29.8%, and 180.2%, respectively; however, Shore D hardness increases steadily with PZM@NiPS content. Wet‐sliding tests confirm that PZM@NiPS plays a significant positive role in improving wear resistance, and the minimum wear rate of 2.19 × 10 −6 mm 3 /Nm is achieved at a filler content of 1 wt.%, which is a significant reduction of approximately 48.18% compared with pure resin. Finally, the wear mechanism of the EP/PZM@NiPS composites is proposed based on detailed characterization and analysis. This work provides a promising “three‐in‐one” strategy that enables polymer composites to maintain high hardness while avoiding increased brittleness, thereby offering a novel pathway for the development and application of high‐performance polymer‐based friction materials suitable for harsh service environments.","PeriodicalId":510403,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Composites","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147381907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental Study on the Determination of Test Conditions for the Simulated Human Body Environment of Biodegradable Hybrid Composite Bone Plates","authors":"Ho Seok Lee, Seung Hwan Chang","doi":"10.1002/pc.70836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.70836","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study experimentally investigates the fatigue behavior of a hybrid bone plate made of a carbon fiber (CF)/nylon non‐degradable biocompatible composite and a phytic acid coated magnesium (Mg) wire/polylactic acid (PLA) biodegradable composite. Hybrid structures are fabricated using successive 3D printing and thermoforming techniques. To evaluate the effect of stress in the hybrid bone plate on the fatigue behavior under wet conditions, an eccentric compression fatigue test of a simple beam‐type sandwich specimen with the same composite as the hybrid bone plate is conducted by considering the human gait. In the beam‐type hybrid specimen, no significant damage or cracking is observed after 200,000 cycles under wet and dry conditions. However, moisture deteriorates the structural integrity of the hybrid bone plate when a repetitive load of 30–70 N is applied, showing a 50% higher amplitude than that of the dry condition; after 60,000 cycles, noticeable cracks and corresponding unstable fatigue behavior are observed. This is attributed to the imperfect bonding between the two composites and the fastening condition of the screws, which should be considered in the fabrication of specimens and fatigue tests for the human body environment.","PeriodicalId":510403,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Composites","volume":"47 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pc.70836","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147893486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mengfei Du, Enhao Zhu, Xilai Yan, Zhe Wang, Ke Wang
{"title":"γ‐ <scp>AlOOH</scp> ‐Assisted Immobilization of Antioxidants on Glass Fabric to Enhance Mechanical Properties and Durability of Composites in Alkaline Environments","authors":"Mengfei Du, Enhao Zhu, Xilai Yan, Zhe Wang, Ke Wang","doi":"10.1002/pc.70806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.70806","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Enhancing the durability of ultraviolet‐cured‐in‐place pipe (UV‐CIPP) in alkaline environments remains challenging due to its long‐term exposure to concrete pore solution from the original pipe. Herein, a novel strategy that γ‐AlOOH coating assists to immobilize Irganox 1010 onto glass fibric (GF) was proposed for simultaneously improving alkaline corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of UV‐CIPP. Through the beneficial bridging of γ‐AlOOH with the coupling agent, Irganox 1010 was immobilized on the GF (GF‐Al‐g‐1010) surface through hydrogen bonding and covalent bonding. The leaching of Si 2+ from the GF backbone of unsaturated polyester resin (UP)/GF‐Al‐g‐1010 composite was reduced by 40.60% and the hydrolyzed alcohol products decreased by 47.1%. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties of UP/GF‐Al‐g‐1010 remained well preserved. The flexural and tensile modulus retained at 99.0% and 96.3%, respectively. The immobilization of Irganox 1010 at the UP/GF interface formed a protective hydrophobic layer and stabilized free radicals, which together inhibited resin degradation and reduced interface debonding. Moreover, the flexural strength and modulus of composites increased by 36.5% and 38.4%, respectively. The chemical bonding between GF‐Al‐g‐1010 and UP chains enhanced interfacial adhesion. In summary, this work will facilitate the design of UV/thermal dual‐cured composites with high strength and alkaline corrosion resistance for pipeline rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":510403,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Composites","volume":"47 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147887701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiahuai Zhang, Weiwen Li, Xuyang Li, Kui Wang, Chuyan Zhang, Linghan Xiao, Guipeng Quan
{"title":"Boron Nitride/Cellulose Nanofiber‐Modified Waterborne Epoxy Sizing Agent for Enhancing the Mechanical Properties and Thermal Conductivity of Carbon Fiber Composites","authors":"Jiahuai Zhang, Weiwen Li, Xuyang Li, Kui Wang, Chuyan Zhang, Linghan Xiao, Guipeng Quan","doi":"10.1002/pc.70815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.70815","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Suboptimal interfacial adhesion between carbon fibers (CFs) and resin matrix has been an important factor limiting the application of composites. Hence, this work synthesized a functionalized boron nitride/cellulose nanofiber multi‐component nano‐hybrid modified waterborne epoxy sizing agent, which was coated on the CF surface to improve the interfacial performance of the composites. The results showed that the flexural strength, flexural modulus, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), and interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of the prepared CF composites increased by 44.72%, 43.46%, 57.03%, and 60.39%, respectively. These advancements stem from the synergistic interaction between CNFs and BN, which enhances the chemical reactivity and surface roughness of the fiber surface and promotes the chemical bonding and mechanical interlocking between the fiber and the resin. In addition, the thermal conductivity of the composites was significantly improved by 48.7%, which was attributed to the establishment of a continuous thermal conductivity pathway within the composites between BN and CNFs. The high‐strength, high‐thermal‐conductivity composite material developed in this research offers broad application prospects across multiple fields.","PeriodicalId":510403,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Composites","volume":"47 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147903824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}