Ethnicity & Health最新文献

{"title":"Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among children of immigrants: immigrant generation and family poverty.","authors":"Jina Chang, Yeonjung J Lee, Hannah Lex, Christina Kerns, Katie Lugar, Maya Wright","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2293657","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2293657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common disorders diagnosed among children in the US. However, little knowledge is available about ADHD prevalence among children of immigrants, the fastest-growing population in the US. This study seeks to examine ADHD rates among children of immigrants in different generations compared to children of US-born parents and their association with family poverty.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The sample includes 83,362 children aged 0-17 from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2010-2018 data. Multivariate logistic regression model is used to estimate prevalence of ADHD among children of immigrants compared to children of US-born parents. We then compare ADHD rates among the children sample in different immigrant generations. For all analyses, we examine ADHD occurrence separately for children in families living below the poverty threshold and those at or above the poverty threshold.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The odds of having ADHD were significantly lower among children of immigrants compared to children of US-born parents. Both first-generation children and second-generation children of immigrants had significantly lower odds of having ADHD than children of US-born parents. Post hoc tests find that first-generation children had lower odds of having ADHD compared to second-generation children. Likewise, additional analyses showed that children of immigrants, first-generation children in particular, were less likely to have ADHD compared to children of US-born parents, in both lower- and higher-income families.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Using a nationally representative sample of children, we find that the likelihood of having ADHD increases with higher generations, detecting differences in ADHD prevalence by immigration generation. Importantly, first-generation children had a significantly lower risk of having ADHD conditions compared to second-generation children and children of US-born parents, regardless of family socio-economic status. Public health policy and program development would gain from a clear comprehension of the shielding attributes of ADHD among immigrant families.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"254-266"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138800710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How will I live this life that I'm trying to save? Being a female breast cancer survivor in Nigeria.","authors":"Candidus Nwakasi, Darlingtina Esiaka, Nduka Chinelo, Sarah Ahmed","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2279478","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2279478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Nigeria is experiencing an increasing rate of new cancer cases while marred by a weak health system. As cancer prevalence increases in Nigeria, especially among women, it is crucial to understand the experiences of female cancer survivors, given that their quality of life may be influenced by perceptions of cancer and what it means to be a cancer survivor.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study employed a qualitative descriptive method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 30 female breast cancer survivors in Abuja, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The three major themes were views about being a cancer survivor, cancer can be stigmatizing, and life after cancer diagnosis and therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We argue that cancer-related identity and cancer-related stigma are key factors with help-seeking and quality-of-life implications. Tailored interventions such as cancer health education and social support for cancer survivors may help reduce the burden of cancer in Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"147-163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71488563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the racial gradient in reproductive health: an examination of challenges to sexual health care faced by black female college students.","authors":"Jeannette M Wade, Helyne Frederick, Serena Lowe, Eryn Yarrell, Aigné Taylor, Sharon Parker","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2279929","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2279929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study identifies and analyzes barriers to sexual and gynecological health care Black women face at a Historically Black College or University (HBCU) and a Predominantly White Institution (PWI) in southeastern America.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Participants identified as Black women who were sexually active, age 18-25, and undergraduate students. The research team conducted in-depth interviews across two campuses via Zoom. Interviews were coded using inductive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We derived six specific themes that summarize Black female college students' barriers to care: Patient-provider Interactions, Economic Determinants of Health, Social Support, Access to Care, Lack of Primary Care, and No Challenges.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reproductive and sexual health disparities can be mitigated with attention to diversity in medical school, affordable care, and teaching young women to prioritize their care for long-term reproductive health.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"199-207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71523330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring acculturative stress and family dynamics in African immigrant students in the US: implications for mental health.","authors":"Heather B Edelblute, Zeinab Baba, Chiwoneso B Tinago, Shannon Fyalkowski","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2279935","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2279935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>African immigrants represent a rapidly growing immigrant group in the US, yet relatively little is known about influences on the health of this group. This is a particularly important oversight since adaptation to life in the United States can have deleterious effects on health due to the stress associated with immigrant and minority status as well as separation from family abroad. The present study explores how African immigrants experience acculturative stress - the stress-inducing elements of life as an immigrant - and the mental health implications of these experiences in light of home country values and conceptions of health.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of sub-Saharan African immigrant students attending a metropolitan university in the northeastern United States (<i>N</i> = 26). Data were analyzed thematically using NVivo 12.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>African immigrant students first experience acculturative stress through schools and neighborhoods where they encounter othering processes, including discrimination and racism. Family responsibilities to loved ones in the US and Africa also represent a source of stress that contributes to feelings of isolation and depression experienced while managing college responsibilities. Since these emotional and mental states are not within the purview of how health is viewed in their home countries, many suffer and may not get the care they need to effectively manage their mental health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings emphasize shared experiences of navigating cultural dynamics, family pressures, and discrimination that contribute to the stress experienced by African immigrants. Findings also underscore the need for the development of culturally sensitive interventions in university settings so that African immigrant students can be upwardly mobile and healthy in the long-term.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"239-253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72016060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating norms and expectations: the influence of culture on Latino couples and their interpersonal communication and coping post-breast cancer diagnosis.","authors":"Gabriella Sanabria, Melody Chavez, Marangelie Velez, Laura Perdiguero Munoz, Janna Bastardo, Audry Belen, Isabela Solis, Sejal Barden, Brian Doss, Dinorah Martinez-Tyson","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2279482","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2279482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Cultural norms shape expectations, care, and communication. Effective interpersonal communication is a prominent predictor of patient-partner cancer management, improving the overall quality of life for the dyad by increasing their ability to cope with cancer. However, couples-based cancer interventions often do not consider cultural factors. Additionally, although Latinas have a high incidence of breast cancer, few studies focus on Latino couples and the influence of culture in cancer care interventions. This study focuses on understanding how Latino culture's norms and expectations influence how couples communicate and cope post-breast cancer diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study conducted interviews and focus groups with a purposive sample of Spanish-speaking Latina breast cancer survivors (<i>N </i>= 21) and intimate partners (N = 5). In the focus group and interviews, participants were asked about the influence cancer had on their relationship, with specific questions focusing on communication within the dyad. The study team used CARV: Community-Engaged Adaptation with Rapid Analysis and Visualization framework to identify cultural considerations and recurring themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cross-cutting cultural considerations and themes found were: the negative influence of gendered and social norms on managing emotions and coping; the silent struggle with physical intimacy; and the inability to discuss the topic - or even say the word 'cancer.'</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Understanding the role of Latino culture in how couples cope with and communicate about cancer post-diagnosis is essential. This understanding will help strengthen the dyad by assisting with positive interpersonal support, which contributes to a better quality of life. These findings will also help providers assist dyads in navigating the cancer diagnosis and journey, helping to lessen the interpersonal stress and tensions that can occur after diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"164-178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71488565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional study of knowledge, taboos, and attitudes towards menstruation.","authors":"Ashok Kumar, Yukti Dhadwal, Vinit Yadav, Bindu Sharma","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2293450","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2293450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The level of knowledge and comprehension surrounding puberty and menstruation. It can substantially impact women's overall health. This cross-sectional study is conducted to get insights about menstrual knowledge, attitudes and taboos among college and university female students in Haryana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey was conducted to investigate the experiences of menstruation among female students from government universities and colleges. Respondents were categorized on the basis of age, education qualification, and background setting. Random sampling was used to ensure participation from six administrative zones. The chi-square test was used to determine statistical significance, and the analysis was built around the <i>p</i>-value.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data reveals that there is no significant association between the age of the participants and their awareness of menstruation, scientific knowledge related to menstruation, or their personal relationships with mother, father, or family members. Similarly, there is no significant association between the participants' scientific knowledge and their level of education. However, there is a significant association between participants' personal relationships and level of education (<i>p</i> = .025). Additionally, a significant association was observed between taboos and level of education (<i>p</i> = .025).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Age, residential area, and educational levels do not seem to significantly impact participants' awareness and knowledge. This study highlights the influence of personal equations and education on attitudes and beliefs surrounding menstruation. The significant association between personal relationships and education underscores the importance of a supportive family. The persistence of menstrual taboos among undergraduates suggests that there is still a need for comprehensive and inclusive menstrual health education. This study also addressed the sustainable developmental goals for good health and well-being. Future studies should focus on exploring cultural factors such as religious beliefs and cultural norms in more detail to develop interventions that may help improve menstrual health outcomes among college and university students.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"208-219"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138800518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unplanned hysterectomy: a comprehensive analysis of race, ethnicity, sociodemographic factors, pregnancy complications, and cardiovascular disease risk factors.","authors":"Boubakari Ibrahimou, Shelbie Burchfield, Ning Sun, Zoran Bursac, Anthony J Kondracki, Hamisu Salihu, Yiliang Zhu, Getachew Dagne, Mario De La Rosa, Assefa Melesse, Tomas Guilarte","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2249273","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2249273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To understand the risk of unplanned hysterectomy (UH) in pregnant women better in association with maternal sociodemographic characteristics, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, and current pregnancy complications.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Using Florida birth data from 2005 to 2014, we investigated the possible interactions between known risk factors of having UH, including maternal sociodemographic characteristics, maternal medical history, and other pregnancy complications. Logistic regression models were constructed. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several interactions were observed that significantly affected odds of UH. Compared to non-Hispanic White women, Hispanic minority women were more likely to have an UH. The overall risk of UH for women with preterm birth (<37 weeks) and concurrently had premature rupture of membranes (PRoM), uterine rupture, or a previous cesarean delivery was significantly higher than women who delivered to term and had no pregnancy complications. Women who delivered via cesarean who also had preeclampsia, PRoM, or uterine rupture had an overall increased risk of UH. Significantly decreased risk of UH was seen for Black women less than 20 years old, women of other minority races with either less than a high school degree or a college degree or greater, women of other minority races with PRoM, and women with preterm birth and diabetes compared to respective reference groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Maternal race, ethnicity, CVD risk factors, and current pregnancy complications affect the risk of UH in pregnant women through complex interactions that would not be seen in unadjusted models of risk analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"62-76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10841735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10060376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and PrEP intentions among Black American young adults at high-risk for HIV.","authors":"Emma M Sterrett-Hong, Adrienne B Smith, Nana Ama Bullock, Ryan M Combs, Karen Krigger, Jelani Kerr","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2259639","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2259639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Black Americans bear the greatest burden of HIV, accounting for 43% of new diagnoses. Yet Black Americans also evidence the lowest utilization rates of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), a highly effective biomedical strategy for preventing HIV infection. Predictors of PrEP acceptance vary; however, little is known about psychological distress, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, as a predictor.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, <i>n </i>= 195 Black Americans, evidencing behaviors found in the research literature to heighten risk for contracting HIV (e.g. sex work, injection drug use) ages 18-29, 55% cisgender women, 39.5% cisgender men, 3% transgender/non-binary, completed audio-computer-assisted self-interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bivariate analyses indicated significant positive associations between PTSD symptoms and PrEP acceptance and self-confidence. In multinomial logistic regression analyses, after controlling for Perceived HIV Risk, participants had a higher likelihood of responding they 'probably would' take PrEP (as opposed to 'definitely would not' take PrEP) if they reported higher levels of PTSD symptoms. Post-hoc analyses revealed a curvilinear relationship between PTSD symptoms and PrEP acceptance with those reporting the highest level of PTSD in the sample having slightly lower PrEP acceptance than those reporting moderately high levels of PTSD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings are discussed in the context of the negative impacts of high levels of PTSD and potential positive adaptations subsequent to moderate levels of PTSD that could be relevant to advances in HIV prevention efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"100-111"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41146312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviewers Acknowledgement.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2274129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13557858.2023.2274129","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":"29 1","pages":"146"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The intersection of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status: inequalities in breast and cervical cancer mortality in 20,665,005 adult women from the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort.","authors":"Emanuelle F Góes, Joanna M N Guimarães, Maria da Conceição C Almeida, Ligia Gabrielli, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Ana Clara Campos, Sheila M Alvim Matos, Ana Luísa Patrão, Ana Cristina de Oliveira Costa, Manuela Quaresma, Alastair H Leyland, Mauricio L Barreto, Isabel Dos-Santos-Silva, Estela M L Aquino","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2245183","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2023.2245183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>There is limited evidence regarding the impact of race/racism and its intersection with socioeconomic status (SES) on breast and cervical cancer, the two most common female cancers globally. We investigated racial inequalities in breast and cervical cancer mortality and whether SES (education and household conditions) interacted with race/ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The 100 Million Brazilian Cohort data were linked to the Brazilian Mortality Database, 2004-2015 (n = 20,665,005 adult women). We analysed the association between self-reported race/ethnicity (White/'Parda'(Brown)/Black/Asian/Indigenous) and cancer mortality using Poisson regression, adjusting for age, calendar year, education, household conditions and area of residence. Additive and multiplicative interactions were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cervical cancer mortality rates were higher among Indigenous (adjusted Mortality rate ratio = 1.80, 95%CI 1.39-2.33), Asian (1.63, 1.20-2.22), 'Parda'(Brown) (1.27, 1.21-1.33) and Black (1.18, 1.09-1.28) women vs White women. Breast cancer mortality rates were higher among Black (1.10, 1.04-1.17) vs White women. Racial inequalities in cervical cancer mortality were larger among women of poor household conditions, and low education (P for multiplicative interaction <0.001, and 0.02, respectively). Compared to White women living in completely adequate (3-4) household conditions, the risk of cervical cancer mortality in Black women with 3-4, 1-2, and none adequate conditions was 1.10 (1.01-1.21), 1.48 (1.28-1.71), and 2.03 (1.56-2.63), respectively (Relative excess risk due to interaction-RERI = 0.78, 0.18-1.38). Among 'Parda'(Brown) women the risk was 1.18 (1.11-1.25), 1.68 (1.56-1.81), and 1.84 (1.63-2.08), respectively (RERI = 0.52, 0.16-0.87). Compared to high-educated White women, the risk in high-, middle- and low-educated Black women was 1.14 (0.83-1.55), 1.93 (1.57-2.38) and 2.75 (2.33-3.25), respectively (RERI = 0.36, -0.05-0.77). Among 'Parda'(Brown) women the risk was 1.09 (0.91-1.31), 1.99 (1.70-2.33) and 3.03 (2.61-3.52), respectively (RERI = 0.68, 0.48-0.88). No interactions were found for breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low SES magnified racial inequalities in cervical cancer mortality. The intersection between race/ethnicity, SES and gender needs to be addressed to reduce racial health inequalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"46-61"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10467225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}