Ethnicity & Health最新文献

{"title":"Comparing government-sponsored and community-based safety-nets for health and wellbeing among Latiné adults in California.","authors":"Roberto J Mercado-López, Micah R Lattaner, Tatiana Londoño, Alice P Villatoro","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2692953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13557858.2026.2692953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Latiné populations in the United States face a persistent health and mental health burden, in part driven by stressors associated with social determinants of health. In response, it is critical to develop a nuanced understanding of Latiné communities' perceptions of government- and community-based social safety-net services, both as distinct and interacting systems, designed to support health and social needs of Latiné adults.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We conducted semi-structured interviews with Latiné adults (<i>N</i> = 13) in English and Spanish to explore perceptions of and experiences with government-sponsored and community-based safety-net services, as well as the implications for health and wellbeing. A thematic analysis approach was used to identify emergent themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Themes highlight shared and unique factors that enable and inhibit access to safety-net services from government- and community-based systems. Awareness of safety-net services and their benefits facilitated access to both systems, but knowledge of rights surrounding eligibility enabled access to government-based services in particular. In contrast, limited awareness of service availability and concerns about quality of services created barriers to access across both community- and government-based services. Unique to government-based services, complex and burdensome application processes, mistrust, and stigma associated with using public assistance were highlighted as barriers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings provide critical insights to improve Latiné communities' access to safety-net systems to support health and wellbeing. Our results highlight the need to: strengthen communication strategies to inform resource awareness and counteract misinformation; rebuild trust between government institutions and communities; reduce stigma and shame surrounding safety-net service utilization; simplify bureaucratic processes for using government safety-nets; and foster connections between community and government systems to enhance access to services that address upstream social determinants of health. These strategies represent steps towards building more accessible safety-net systems to support the health and wellbeing of Latiné communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148340955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health promotion interventions for Asian American dementia caregivers: an integrative review.","authors":"Jin Su, Eunjung Ko, Shicheng Xu, Jia Yin Ruan, Xiang Qi, Weiyu Mao, Yaguang Zheng, Bei Wu","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2688765","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2688765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Many dementia caregivers are older adults who face chronic health challenges driven by both aging and sustained caregiving stress. This vulnerability is compounded for Asian American caregivers by systemic health barriers stemming from linguistic, socioeconomic, and immigration factors. This integrative review aimed to synthesize existing evidence on health promotion interventions targeting Asian American dementia caregivers.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from inception to 1 August 2025. The Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool form was used for quality appraisal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,390 articles were identified and 10 articles representing eight studies were included. Four studies were two-arm randomized controlled trials (RCTs); all were pilot or preliminary trials with small to moderate sample sizes. The remaining four studies used single-group intervention designs. Health promotion interventions showed potential for improving depressive symptoms among caregivers in the short term; however, effects on caregiver stress and burden were inconclusive. Retention rates ranged from 71.4% to 100% across follow-up periods of up to 2 years. Acceptability was optimal, based on participants' reported satisfaction and perceived helpfulness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The evidence base for health promotion interventions among Asian American dementia caregivers is in an early stage of development. Findings regarding the effects of health promotion interventions for Asian American dementia caregivers remain inconclusive due to inconsistencies across studies. Overall, retention feasibility and acceptability appear promising. Future work should clarify and prioritize effective intervention components to achieve desired outcomes and employ theory-driven, person-centered, culturally tailored approaches. More rigorous, fully powered trials with diverse Asian American subgroups are needed to address persistent recruitment challenges and strengthen the evidence base.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13690476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laissez les bon temps rouler, but get screened: colon cancer awareness in young Black men in Louisiana.","authors":"Bilikisu Elewonibi, Jairus Ballard, Bingjing Mao, Terry Birkhoff, Randi Kaufman","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2688762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13557858.2026.2688762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Black men experience the highest incidence and mortality rates from colorectal cancer (CRC) in Louisiana. Limited awareness of screening guidelines, low perceived risk, and structural barriers to care contribute to delayed detection. This study assessed CRC awareness, risk perceptions, screening intentions, and communication preferences among Black men aged 30-44 in Louisiana to inform targeted intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a statewide cross-sectional survey of English-speaking individuals who identified as male, African American or Black, were aged 30-44 and resided in Louisiana. Measures included CRC awareness, perceived risk, prior screening recommendations, screening intentions, exposure to CRC-related messaging, social media use, and trusted sources of health information. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed a total of 403 responses. Most participants did not perceive CRC as a significant personal health threat. Although 40% reported receiving a physician's recommendation for screening, only 70% of those individuals completed screening. Fewer than half recalled exposure to CRC-related messages, and message recall was generally low. Social media use was widespread (97%), with 58% reporting regular engagement with influencers. Doctors, teachers, coaches, and pastors were identified as the most trusted sources of health information.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings highlight low perceived risk of CRC alongside high engagement with digital platforms. These results support the development of culturally tailored, lead-time messaging strategies that increase both perceived severity and susceptibility, leverage trusted messengers, and utilize digital media to promote timely CRC screening among young Black men.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148259880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trajectories of racial discussion and parental depression in Asian American families.","authors":"Sei Eun Kim, Xinwei Zhang, Annie Fanta, William Tsai, Cindy Y Huang","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2630827","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2630827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b>Racial-ethnic socialization (RES) is a critical parenting practice among Asian American parents, yet little is known about its impact on parental mental health. Drawing on Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) transactional model of stress and coping, this longitudinal study examined trajectories of three RES domains (awareness of discrimination, avoidance of outgroups, minimization of race) and their associations with depressive symptoms among 209 Asian American parents (mean age 41.68; 79.43% female) over 12 months. Using growth mixture modeling, three distinct trajectory classes emerged for each domain: <i>Moderate-Stable</i> (35% for awareness of discrimination; 17% for avoidance of outgroups; 15% for minimization of race), <i>High-Increasing</i> (12% for awareness of discrimination; 8% for avoidance of outgroups; 13% for minimization of race), and <i>Low-Decreasing</i> (53% for awareness of discrimination; 76% for avoidance of outgroups; 72% for minimization of race). For awareness of discrimination, parents in the <i>Moderate-Stable</i> class showed significantly higher depressive symptoms levels compared to the <i>High-Increasing</i> and <i>Low-Decreasing</i> classes. For avoidance of outgroups, <i>High-Increasing</i> class parents reported higher depressive symptoms levels than the <i>Moderate-Stable</i> class, while the <i>Low-Decreasing</i> class demonstrated the highest depressive symptoms levels overall. For minimization of race, parents in the <i>High-Increasing</i> class exhibited significantly higher depressive symptoms levels compared to other classes. Results highlight the psychological challenges of engaging in RES and suggest the need for culturally competent mental health services supporting Asian American parents in these conversations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"282-312"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147286063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human papillomavirus vaccine knowledge, health beliefs, recommendation receipt, and intentions among Spanish-speaking Hispanic/Latino sexual and gender minority young adults assigned male at birth in Florida and Puerto Rico: results of a cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Shannon M Christy, Steven K Sutton, Heather Owens, Rolando F Trejos, Mariana Arevalo, Cathy D Meade, Jomar Lopez, Lisa J Sanders, Susan T Vadaparampil, Erin Park, Melisa Ramos-Sepúlveda, Juliana Borrego-Villanueva, Cyril Patra, Julian Sanchez, Melissa Marzán-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2025.2607709","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2025.2607709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Despite an effective human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, uptake among sexual and gender minority (SGM) young adults remains suboptimal, including among Hispanic/Latino SGM. This study aimed to describe awareness/knowledge, health beliefs, attitudes, clinician recommendation receipt, and HPV vaccine intentions among unvaccinated Spanish-speaking Hispanic/Latino SGM young adults assigned male at birth in Florida and Puerto Rico.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Participants completed a cross-sectional online survey between August 2021 and August 2022. Eligibility criteria included being 18-26 years old, male sex assigned at birth, identifying as Hispanic/Latino, identifying as gay, bisexual, or queer, speaking Spanish, living in Florida or Puerto Rico, and having access to the internet. Survey items assessed previous healthcare experiences, HPV vaccine awareness, knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, discussions, clinician recommendation receipt, and vaccine intentions. Descriptive analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 102 unvaccinated participants, all (100%) identified as gay and/or bisexual. Most participants self-reported male gender (96%), being of Puerto Rican descent (92%), and living in Puerto Rico (86%). Only 18.6% of participants reported having received a clinician recommendation for the HPV vaccine. HPV vaccine knowledge was low (Mean=3.2; Standard Deviation [SD] = 2.6; Range: 0-9), attitudes were neutral (Mean=2.5; SD = 0.7; range=1.0-4.3), and perceived barriers were moderate (Mean=2.4; SD = 1.0; range=1.0-4.7). Approximately 35% reported being very likely to seek additional HPV vaccination information in the next year. Approximately one-in-nine (11.8%) reported being very likely to receive the HPV vaccine in the next year, whereas approximately one-third (30.4%) reported being very likely to receive the vaccine at some point in the future.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings suggest potential modifiable and multilevel targets for future interventions to promote HPV vaccination among Spanish-speaking Hispanic/Latino SGM young adults assigned male at birth. Such multilevel interventions could address specific knowledge gaps, beliefs, and attitudes among patients and promote clinician recommendations in order to improve HPV vaccination rates among Hispanic/Latino SGM young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"263-281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13048128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146042014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding barriers and facilitators of healthy diet and physical activity among African immigrants in the US: a qualitative study.","authors":"Richard Bannor, Richard Baidoo, Snehaa Ray, Christie I Idiong, Jared M Goetz, Jolaade Kalinowski, Roman Shrestha, Ran Xu, Sherry Pagoto","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2630828","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2630828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Africans who migrate to the US are initially leaner than US-born Black Americans of the same age. However, over time, they become affected by obesity, possibly due to exposure to the obesogenic food environment and sedentary lifestyle in the US. We aimed to understand barriers and facilitators to healthy diet and physical activity among African immigrants in the US.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using qualitative methods, we conducted eight focus groups remotely with 31 African immigrants (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m²) living in the US. We recruited African immigrants born in Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya, Uganda, Botswana, Ethiopia, South Africa, Sudan, and Zimbabwe. Participants completed a 5-minute screening survey to assess their eligibility. In focus groups, participants were queried about barriers and facilitators to the consumption of vegetable, lean proteins, and less sugary beverage consumption, physical activity. Data were recorded and fully transcribed. We analyzed the data using inductive qualitative content analysis, achieving inter-rater reliability of 81.8%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 11 barriers to a healthy diet, including differences in the taste of fruits and vegetables in the US compared to their home African countries, difficulty finding traditional African fruits and vegetables in the US, and not being accustomed to consuming raw vegetables. We identified 5 healthy diet facilitators, including making smoothies to obtain fruit servings and buying in bulk. We identified 4 barriers to physical activity, including a lack of time and paying for gym memberships. We also identified 5 physical activity facilitators, including weight gain and having friends and family with whom to exercise.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>African immigrants share similar barriers and facilitators to healthy diet and physical activity as others but also have unique barriers and facilitators that need to be addressed in tailored lifestyle interventions. Incorporating these in future lifestyle interventions may enhance relevance, engagement, and more sustainable behavior change.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"313-331"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146214142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of cervical cancer screening among African and African American women: a qualitative systematic review.","authors":"Olamide Comfort Ogundare, Grace Oluwatofunmi Adeyemo, Sunkanmi Folorunsho","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2630820","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2630820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the individual- and systemic-level barriers and facilitators that influence cervical cancer screening behaviors among African and African American women, and to highlight both shared and unique factors through the lens of the Social Determinants of Health (SDH) framework.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A qualitative systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 standards. Twelve peer-reviewed qualitative studies published between January 2020 and May 2025 were included. Data were analyzed thematically to classify barriers and facilitators at both individual and systemic levels, using the SDH framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across both populations, common barriers included limited awareness, cultural and religious stigma, and financial concerns. African women frequently reported infrastructural and logistical barriers such as distance and shortages of trained providers, while African American women emphasized institutional mistrust, racial discrimination, and inconsistent communication with providers. However, factors such as community-based education, peer and partner support, and personal motivation facilitated screening uptake in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study shows that even though African women and African American women share similar barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer screening, the underlying causes differ. Among African women, poor screening uptake is largely due to inadequate health infrastructure, whereas African American women's barriers are rooted in historical medical mistrust. These findings highlight the need for culturally tailored interventions, such as community-driven awareness and culturally trained providers, that respond to the lived experiences of each population rather than adopting a monolithic approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"332-347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146215024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The labor of wealth: A phenomenological study of black women's experiences with wealth accumulation and its implications for health.","authors":"Tiffany N Younger, Selena T Rodgers, Tatyahna Costello","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2025.2607697","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2025.2607697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Black women consistently exhibit some of the highest labor force participation rates in the United States, yet they are among the least wealthy group across race and gender which carries a disparity with profound implications for both economic and health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This phenomenological study employed semi structured interviews with 13 Black women as heads of households. Collin's Black Feminist Theory provides the framework for this study, underscoring race and gender within the context of labor as an essential factor in the wealth accumulation process and health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Part of a larger study, themes reported here revealed four themes of labor: hustle labor, emotional labor, spiritual labor, and <i>resistance labor</i>, actions taken to maintain dignity and self-worth in the face of systemic oppression, emerged as a new form of labor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study makes visible Black women's labor beyond the U.S. traditional economic metrics. Recommendations for social policy and public health interventions central to wealth accumulation and health outcomes are offered.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"212-229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145901644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Older Latino adults' facilitators and barriers to reducing sedentary behavior following an individualized intervention.","authors":"Tyler Gaedecke, Jana Zahlan, Diego Redondo-Sáenz, David X Marquez, Nathan Tintle, Ulf G Bronas","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2025.2607703","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2025.2607703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify facilitators, barriers, and perceptions of older Latino adults regarding sedentary behaviors (SB) and physical activity (PA) SB and PA following a randomized controlled trial designed to replace SB with PA; we investigate how these factors differed between study groups.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Qualitative descriptive study. Semi-structured post-intervention interviews were conducted in Spanish with 38 Latino mid-life and older adults from Chicago in the Physical Activity Program to Disrupt Sedentary Time in Older Latinos study. After translation, two independent coders coded transcripts deductively and inductively to identify categories and themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to factors identified prior to the intervention, new barriers emerged around age, finances, and technology. Adapting exercise to one's needs, Fitbits, and PA feasibility were new facilitators. Two new categories characterized participants' underlying needs for engaging in PA (e.g. accessible facilities and education) and their knowledge and attitudes regarding SB and PA. Participants began to connect both SB and PA to cognitive function, discussed behavior changes related to the intervention, and often shared the intervention's information about both SB and PA with their community.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Feasibility, accessibility, and awareness play an important role in reducing SB for mid-life and older Latino adults. This intervention shows promise for decreasing barriers in these areas and positively impacting knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards both PA and SB.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"230-244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145901553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiracial emerging adults' experiences with mental health care: 'To me, it's complicated'.","authors":"Bridget E Weller, Kiana E Jean-Baptiste, Dominique M Giroux","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2025.2602615","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2025.2602615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drawing on critical multiracial theory, the objective of this study was to describe Multiracial emerging adults' experiences with mental health care. A total of 12 Multiracial emerging adults participated in this phenomenological study that used semi-structured interviews. Participants shared that Multiracial and Black providers were emphatic, but White providers engaged in covert and subtle racism. They further discussed the need for providers to be more culturally competent and the need for more racial and ethnic representation among mental health care providers. Findings suggest that providers need to understand their clients' experiences better, such as participants' experiences with racism when both receiving mental health care and navigating developmental milestones, such as dating. This understanding, in turn, could improve the quality of mental health care. Participants in this study also provided suggestions for improving the quality of mental health care, with recommendations ranging from broaching the topic of race to increased racial representation among providers.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"183-211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145822180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}