Ethnicity & Health最新文献

{"title":"Navigating weight change during and after pregnancy among Chinese immigrant mothers in Canada.","authors":"Aiyu Liu, Hannah Neufeld, Laura Forbes","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2692947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13557858.2026.2692947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chinese immigrant mothers in Canada may face unique challenges navigating weight change during and after pregnancy due to cultural expectations, migration related barriers, and limited access to culturally appropriate prenatal care. Although gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention are important indicators of maternal health, little is known about how immigrant women experience and manage these changes within the Canadian context.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative study used a Reflective Lifeworld Research approach to explore Chinese immigrant mothers' experiences of weight change during and after pregnancy. A convenience sample of eighteen mothers who had given birth within the previous twelve months participated in in-depth telephone interviews conducted in Mandarin. Data were analysed through an iterative process between parts and the whole, with findings organized using the Socioecological Model to capture influences across multiple levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mothers' experiences were shaped by interacting influences across individual, interpersonal, community, organizational, and policy levels. At the individual level, limited knowledge, body image concerns, and traditional postpartum practices such as <i>Zuo Yue Zi</i> (a traditional Chinese postpartum practice emphasizing rest, dietary regulation, and behavioural guidelines during the first month after childbirth) influenced weight-related behaviours. Interpersonally, inconsistent partner support and migration related separation from family members affected mothers' ability to prioritize their own wellbeing. At the community level, low awareness of maternal health programs limited access to credible guidance. Organizationally, differences between Chinese and Canadian healthcare systems created uncertainty around healthy weight change. At the policy level, mothers highlighted the absence of centralized, culturally relevant resources.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chinese immigrant mothers' experiences of pregnancy and postpartum weight change reflect a complex interaction of cultural, relational, and structural influences. These findings highlight the importance of clearer provider communication and culturally responsive maternity care to support immigrant mothers during pregnancy and the postpartum period.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148852054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eating disorders, depression, and anxiety among East Asian American young adults in the United States: patterns of mental health service use.","authors":"Chloe Gao, Alexandra Xu, Stanley Huang, Joanne Chung, Sarah Cheng, Wanqing Xu, Michael R Law, Kimberlyn McGrail, Nadiya Sunderji, S Bryn Austin, Ariel Beccia, Amanda Raffoul","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2718704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13557858.2026.2718704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study (1) examined associations between probable anxiety and depression with probable eating disorders (ED) among East Asian American young adults ages 18-25 years; and (2) assessed mental health service use patterns among East Asian American young adults with probable EDs and probable depression and/or anxiety.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multivariable logistic models were employed to estimate the association between the outcome of a probable ED and the exposure variables of probable depression and anxiety, and the association between the outcome of lifetime mental health service use and the exposures of a probable ED and probable depression and/or anxiety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>East Asian American young adults (<i>N</i> = 17,276) with a probable ED had 1.27 times the odds (95% CI: 1.21, 1.35) of receiving counseling for a mental health concern compared to those without a probable ED. Those with probable depression and/or anxiety had 2.19 times the odds (95% CI: 2.09, 2.30) of receiving counseling compared to those without probable depression and/or anxiety. The interaction term between probable ED and probable depression and/or anxiety indicated that those with both probable depression and/or anxiety and a probable ED had a lower than expected odds of receiving counseling.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Probable depression and anxiety are associated with probable EDs among East Asian American young adults. East Asian American young adults with probable EDs have a lower probability of lifetime mental health service use than young adults with probable depression and/or anxiety. Future research should examine barriers to accessing counseling and ED-specific treatment obstacles experienced by this group.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148801257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep duration and sleep problems in non-Hispanic Black adults: a cross-sectional study of the 2015-2020 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey.","authors":"Everlyne G Ogugu, Aron A King, Janice F Bell","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2718703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13557858.2026.2718703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Previous research indicates that non-Hispanic Black adults are more likely to report extremes in sleep duration and worse levels of sleep quality compared to their White counterparts. However, studies examining predictors of sleep among Black adults are limited. This study addressed this gap by examining sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with sleep duration and sleep problems among non-Hispanic Black adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 3,367 non-Hispanic Black adults in the United States, aged ≥20 years, were obtained by combining the 2015-2016 and 2017- March 2020 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Logistic regression models were fit to examine factors associated with sleep duration and sleep problems (history of trouble sleeping or excessive daytime sleepiness).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of recommended (7-9 h), short (<7 h), and long sleep duration (>9 h) was 53.9%, 33.0%, and 13.1%, respectively. The prevalence of sleep problems was 40.5%. Short sleep duration was positively associated with male gender, some college education, working ≥45 h per week, and history of sleep problems, and negatively associated with unemployment. Long sleep duration was positively associated with less than a college education, a family monthly poverty level index ≤1.30, being unemployed or retired, and fair or poor self-rated health, and negatively associated with female gender, age ≥45 years, and working ≥45 h per week. Sleep problems were positively associated with unemployment, mild to severe depressive symptoms, chronic medical conditions, fair or poor self-rated health, heavy alcohol consumption, and negatively associated with male gender, age ≥45 years, being foreign-born, and having a high school education or less.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified several sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with sleep, which can inform future research and policy and support the development of tailored clinical and public health interventions aimed at improving sleep health among non-Hispanic Black adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148761421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ways of improving access to mental health support among East Asian American dementia caregivers: a qualitative descriptive study.","authors":"Eunjung Ko, Judith A Tate, Kathy D Wright, Bei Wu, Karen M Rose","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2655625","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2655625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Asian American dementia caregivers often express negative emotions compared to other ethnic groups, but frequently avoid sharing personal and mental health concerns. Still, research targeting their subgroups and strategies supporting their mental health service use remains limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore strategies for improving access to mental health services among East Asian American dementia caregivers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were derived from a constructivist grounded study on help-seeking behaviors in the population. Twenty participants attended individual interviews, which were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify themes and categories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six themes emerged across the domains of community effort - <i>addressing cultural differences</i>, <i>advertising existing resources</i>, and <i>improving access to mental health support</i> - and individual effort - <i>disclosing caregiving situations</i>, <i>looking for resources</i>, and <i>prioritizing oneself</i>. The identified themes and categories reflected Eastern cultural norms rooted in the participants' ethnic backgrounds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings underscore the collaborative role of both community and individual efforts in improving access to mental health support for East Asian American caregivers, highlighting the need for targeted, culturally responsive approaches to better address their unique needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"637-650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of psychological distress among Latina young adults during initial years in the United States.","authors":"Frank R Dillon, Yajaira A Cabrera Tineo, Cristalís Capielo Rosario, Melissa M Ertl, Karla Girón, Amanda D Black, Carolina Lara-Lerma, Mario De La Rosa","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2655620","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2655620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This longitudinal study investigated how theorized cultural-, interpersonal/familial-, and individual-level experiences during initial years after immigrating to the United States may relate to changes in psychological distress over time among young adult Latina women in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States (U.S.).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using latent growth curve modeling, we examined trajectories of psychological distress reported by 530 Latina women (aged 18-23 years) during their initial years in the U.S. The sample's mean length of time in the United States since immigration was 11.52 months (<i>SD</i> = 9.94) at baseline assessment. Trajectories of distress were measured over a three-year time period. We investigated whether cultural- (immersion to dominant society/assimilation, immersion to ethnic society/enculturation, acculturative stress, marianismo), interpersonal/familial- (trust and communication with parents, peers, partner), and individual- (immigration authorization status, education level, relationship status) level determinants experienced soon after immigration predicted changes in participants' distress over a subsequent two-year time period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline assessment, participants' psychological distress was associated with higher levels of acculturative stress (β = .63, <i>p</i> < .001). Over time, the average level of women's distress significantly declined (<i>b</i> = -.10, <i>p</i> = .001). Steeper declines in distress over time were reported by women who reported more baseline acculturative stress (β = -.80, <i>p</i> < .001) and less baseline trust and communication with their parents, peers, and partners (β = .52, <i>p</i> = .002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings inform theoretical and empirical knowledge bases concerning determinants of psychological distress during initial years after immigration among foreign-born young Latina women in the U.S. The study provides a longitudinal examination of psychological distress during the rarely studied time period of initial years in the U.S. Results elucidate the substantive influence of acculturative stress and interpersonal/familial relationship dynamics soon after immigration. Mental health interventions should attend to these modifiable factors during young Latina women's early years in the U.S. to reduce psychological distress and promote well-being soon after immigration and subsequent years.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"536-557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13449334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147647116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding gender-race/ethnicity influences on tobacco/nicotine cessation among people with severe mental illness.","authors":"Hamzah M Alghzawi","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2655619","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2655619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite having intentions to quit, people with severe mental illness (SMI) often struggle to abstain from tobacco/nicotine use. This study explored the interplay between gender and race/ethnicity in relation to time to abstain from tobacco/nicotine use and the factors associated with successful quitting.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A population-based sample of 3,914 individuals was drawn from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC-III, 2012-2013). Survival modeling methods were used to examine differences in time to abstain across gender-race/ethnicity groups and explore associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among smokers with SMI, 31.7% had abstained from tobacco/nicotine use, with significant variation across gender-race/ethnicity groups (χ² = 32.2, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Non-Hispanic White females had the highest cessation rate (35.3%), while non-Hispanic Black males had the lowest (22.3%). Hispanic females had the shortest duration of use (33-39 years) and the highest likelihood of abstinence (HR = 2.07, <i>p</i> < 0.05), compared to non-Hispanic Black males, who had the longest use duration (45-54 years). Low social support and high levels of stressful life events were significantly associated with lower cessation rates, particularly among non-Hispanic Black males.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest that psychiatric nurses should consider personal and demographic factors when designing cessation programs for individuals with SMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"516-535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147640461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming barriers to blood glucose monitoring: the mediating role of social cognitive theory components in black/African American men with type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Jeong-Hui Park, Ledric D Sherman, Matthew Lee Smith, Megan S Patterson, Tyler Prochnow","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2655624","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2655624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate how the components of social cognitive theory (SCT), namely personal, behavioral, and environmental factors, mediate the relationship between barriers to regular glucose monitoring and the frequency of blood sugar testing in Black/African American men with type 2 diabetes (T2D).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This cross-sectional observational survey study utilized an internet-based survey to assess barriers to glucose monitoring, SCT components, and monitoring frequency among 1,225 Black/African American men with T2D. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to examine direct and indirect relationships between these factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Outcome expectations had a significant positive direct effect (path estimate) on the frequency of glucose testing (<i>β</i> = 0.02, <i>p</i> = 0.005), although they did not mediate the relationship between barriers and testing (<i>β</i> = -0.01, <i>p</i> = 0.183). Observational learning exhibited a significant positive direct effect on testing frequency (<i>β</i> = 0.19, <i>p</i> < 0.001), with barriers partially mediating monitoring frequency through observational learning (<i>β</i> = 0.01, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Self-efficacy showed a significant positive direct effect on testing frequency (<i>β</i> = 0.02, <i>p</i> < 0.001), with the relationship between barriers and testing frequency fully mediated by self-efficacy (<i>β</i> = -0.01, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both observational learning and self-efficacy partially or fully mediate the relationship between barriers and testing. These findings underscore the importance of interventions aimed at enhancing social support and observational learning to overcome barriers and improve adherence to glucose monitoring among Black/African American men with T2D.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"600-620"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147647253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The engagement of Indigenous populations in tuberculosis control - with a focus on contact tracing: a scoping review.","authors":"Darelle Toki, Karyn Maclennan, Philip C Hill, Susan McAllister","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2655618","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2655618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health concern that disproportionately affects Indigenous people. Contact tracing and early identification of those exposed to TB is essential for TB control. This study assesses the engagement of Indigenous populations for TB control against international and national TB guidelines.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A scoping review was conducted using five databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Global Health, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) were used depending on the search engine and functionality. Key search terms included 'Tuberculosis,' 'Contact tracing' and 'Indigenous population/people(s),' and Indigenous populations by name including Māori, Native American, Aboriginal, First Nations, Inuit, Torres Strait, American Indian, Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders. Articles published between 1 January 2000 and 1 July 2024, in the English language, were included. Grey literature was examined for relevant guidelines on Indigenous engagement in TB control and articles were scored against key indicators found in the guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-eight studies from eight countries were reviewed and assessed against five key indicators identified in the international guidelines and national guidelines. Many studies provided limited details on how they engaged with Indigenous populations, which resulted in low scores. No study met all five key indicators, and 32% did not meet any of the five indicators.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review highlights the lack of consistency in the engagement of Indigenous populations in published TB control efforts, as well as differences between national TB guidelines. These findings underscore the urgent need to strengthen and align national guidelines with international standards as part of progress towards TB elimination.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"499-515"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147640409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-case analysis of coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom: the experiences of ethnic minority people with mental health problems.","authors":"Abbyramy Nesarasa, Lisa Wood, Prisha Shah, Patrick Nyikavaranda, Bryn Lloyd-Evans","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2655630","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2655630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Evidence has highlighted that the COVID-19 pandemic worsened ongoing mental health inequity among population groups, such as those with pre-existing mental health problems. This is further compounded for ethnic minority communities. Research emphasises the importance of coping strategies in lessening the negative impacts of the pandemic; however, there is a scarcity of research among ethnic minority communities.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>To explore the experiences of coping during the COVID-19 pandemic among ethnic minority individuals with existing mental health difficulties and to identify changes and continuity in coping strategies across two different timepoints. A secondary thematic analysis was conducted of interviews with ethnic minority individuals with mental health conditions, using a cross case comparison approach to analyse interviews conducted at two timepoints during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seeking social support, implementing new habits, and self-care approaches to mental health, as well as access to and experience of mental health services, were adaptive coping strategies used, further highlighting the importance of these strategies being culturally sensitive. Several expressed difficulties with access to mental health services.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Whilst the pandemic has ended, this research highlights that there is still a need for future studies exploring the experiences of ethnic minority groups, and focus should be placed on developing solutions that facilitate uptake among people with mental health problems from these communities. This should involve adaptive, culturally appropriate coping strategies and implementing modifications for effective mental health care for future public health crises or other social stressors.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"621-636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147693596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing racial disparities in dementia-related vulnerabilities: a machine learning analysis of social, environmental, and climate factors.","authors":"Solmaz Amiri, Wyatt P Bensken, Dedra Buchwald","doi":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2655623","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13557858.2026.2655623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Racial differences in exposure to area-level social determinants of health (SDoH) may contribute to distinct vulnerability profiles among people living with dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used data from the OCHIN Community Health Equity Database to examine SDoH factors among patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment. SDoH measures encompassed social, environmental, and climate vulnerability factors. We trained Random Forest classifiers to identify the most influential SDoH features distinguishing racial groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Common SDoH factors - those ranking among the top features across multiple racial groups - included percentage of minority populations, limited English proficiency, exposure to diesel particulate matter or fine particulate matter, impaired watershed, and frequency of extreme heat and wildfire smoke days. Distinct SDoH factors - those identified as top-ranked for only one or two groups - included unemployment and disability rates in ZIP codes where American Indian and/or Alaska Native patients lived; lack of walkability in areas where Asian patients resided; hurricane occurrences in ZIP codes where Black patients lived; low educational attainment in Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander communities; and housing cost burden, lack of internet access, and older housing stock in areas where Multiracial patients lived.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of incorporating multidimensional SDoH measures when assessing structural contexts in dementia research.</p>","PeriodicalId":51038,"journal":{"name":"Ethnicity & Health","volume":" ","pages":"583-599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13265239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147640396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}