Iranian Journal of Public Health最新文献_第4页

Evaluating the Causal Effects of Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels on Ischemic Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study 评估低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平对缺血性中风的因果效应：孟德尔随机研究

Iranian Journal of Public Health Pub Date : 2024-02-18 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v53i2.14924

Xiaowen Hou, Jiaqi Zheng, Jiajun Zhang, Lin Tao, Kaiwen Cen, Ying Cui, Ji Wu

{"title":"Evaluating the Causal Effects of Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels on Ischemic Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Xiaowen Hou, Jiaqi Zheng, Jiajun Zhang, Lin Tao, Kaiwen Cen, Ying Cui, Ji Wu","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i2.14924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i2.14924","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is the leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels hadno potential risk on ischemic stroke. However, higher LDL-C levels were closely related to IS. Based on two antagonistic viewpoints, a Mendelian randomization (MR) study was designed to evaluate the causal effects of LDL-C levels on IS. \u0000Methods: Datasets of LDL-C levels and ischemic stroke were acquired from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Weighted median method was conducted for main analysis, and MR-Egger and inverse-variance weighted (IVW) methods were performed for auxiliary analyses. Heterogeneity and pleiotropic tests were utilized to confirm the reliability of this study. \u0000Results: A total of 359 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with LDL-C levels (P < 5 × 10−8) and 337 SNPs were available in ischemic stroke with eliminating outliers. LDL-C levels were significantly associated with ischemic stroke (OR = 1.104, 95%CI = 1.019 - 1.195, P = 1.52 × 10-2). MR-Egger and IVW showed directionally similar estimates (MR-Egger: OR = 1.120, 95%CI = 1.040 - 1.207, P = 3.12 × 10-3; IVW: OR = 1.120, 95%CI = 1.064 - 1.178, P = 1.17 × 10-5). \u0000Conclusion: LDL-C levels had causal effects on IS, providing insights into the design of future interventions to reduce the burden of ischemic stroke. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":510223,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"342 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140453168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In-Depth Investigation of Biological Association for Particulate Matter on Systemic Stress Biomarkers 深入探究颗粒物与全身压力生物标志物之间的生物学联系

Iranian Journal of Public Health Pub Date : 2024-02-18 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v53i2.14934

Hee-Tae Roh, Taikyeong Ted. Jeong

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The Outcomes, Barriers, and Facilitators of Implementing Clinical Prac-tice Guidelines in Iran: A Comprehensive Review 伊朗实施临床实践指南的成果、障碍和促进因素：全面回顾

Iranian Journal of Public Health Pub Date : 2024-02-18 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v53i2.14917

Maliheh Ghobadi, Anahita Behzadi, Asma Sabermahani

{"title":"The Outcomes, Barriers, and Facilitators of Implementing Clinical Prac-tice Guidelines in Iran: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Maliheh Ghobadi, Anahita Behzadi, Asma Sabermahani","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i2.14917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i2.14917","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Clinical practice guideline (CPGs) are highly valuable in enhancing healthcare efficiency as they lead to the selection of the best medical methods and reduction of their costs. Nevertheless, implementing CPGs in practice can be quite challenging, as they require alterations at individual, organizational, and health system levels. Therefore, we aimed to identify the outcomes, barriers, and facilitators associated with CPG implementation. \u0000Methods: We conducted an extensive search using Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and various non-English databases to gather quantitative, qualitative, and review studies on the implementation of CPGs from Jan 1, 1990, to Dec 26, 2022. Our analysis focused on the outcomes, barriers, and facilitators of CPG implementation, which categorized into four groups: policy-making, health system and hospitals, professional experts, and clinical guidelines. \u0000Results: After conducting a thorough review of 37 studies, the most significant outcomes were found to be reduced costs and enhanced quality of care. However, certain challenges, such as inadequate support, insufficient education, high work pressure, tight schedules, and a lack of unified and clear guidelines, hindered these improvements. To overcome these barriers, it is essential to prioritize effective leadership, improve work conditions, allocate necessary resources, create a structured framework for the guidelines, and simplify their content to fit the clinical circumstances. \u0000Conclusion: It is crucial to identify the outcomes and barriers associated with implementing CPGs to enhance professional performance, elevate the quality of care, and foster patient satisfaction. Developing effective strategies hinges on this awareness.","PeriodicalId":510223,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Osteoporosis and Leptin: A Systematic Review 骨质疏松症与瘦素：系统综述

Iranian Journal of Public Health Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v53i1.14686

Seyed Mohammad Mohammadi, Nadia Saniee, Tara Borzoo, Esmat Radmanesh

{"title":"Osteoporosis and Leptin: A Systematic Review","authors":"Seyed Mohammad Mohammadi, Nadia Saniee, Tara Borzoo, Esmat Radmanesh","doi":"10.18502/ijph.v53i1.14686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i1.14686","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Leptin has a great effect on bone through direct or indirect involvement in bone remodeling. Considering the ambiguities that exist regarding the effect of leptin on bone and bone-related diseases including osteoporosis, in this study, we aimed to conduct a systematic review of various studies on the effect of leptin on osteoporosis, which may find an answer to the existing ambiguities. \u0000Methods: The search was performed to review studies on the effects of leptin on osteoporosis by using several databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Electronic searches were conducted on 5 Jan 2023. There was no limit on the publication date of the articles. The risk of bias for the animal study was assessed with the CAMARADES checklist, and the study quality assessment was also assessed based on the guidelines for in vivo experiments (ARRIVE). In this study, the risk of bias (quality) of human studies was assessed using the quality assessment checklists by NHLBI. \u0000Results: Overall, 34 articles were included for data extraction and quality assessment. Overall, 27 human studies and seven animal studies were included in the article. The results of most of the studies conducted in this study showed that leptin has a physiological role in maintaining bone mass and better bone quality and reduces bone marrow adipogenesis and increases bone mineral density (BMD). As plasma leptin levels increased, BMD values or bone formation biomarkers increased. \u0000Conclusion: Leptin has an inhibitory role against bone resorption and increasing osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels, which, as a result, maintains bone density and reduces osteoclast activity, and has a positive relationship with increasing osteocalcin.","PeriodicalId":510223,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Public Health","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0