Frontiers in Pediatrics最新文献

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Case Report: Contiguous presentation of anti-MDA5 juvenile dermatomyositis and anti-AQP4 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in an adolescent patient 病例报告:一名青少年患者同时患有抗 MDA5 幼年皮肌炎和抗 AQP4 视神经炎谱系障碍
Frontiers in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1376088
Rebecca E. Wiersma, Zachary R. Shaheen, Colleen K. Correll, Patricia M. Hobday
{"title":"Case Report: Contiguous presentation of anti-MDA5 juvenile dermatomyositis and anti-AQP4 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in an adolescent patient","authors":"Rebecca E. Wiersma, Zachary R. Shaheen, Colleen K. Correll, Patricia M. Hobday","doi":"10.3389/fped.2024.1376088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2024.1376088","url":null,"abstract":"Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that is known to be associated with other neurologic and organ-specific autoimmune conditions. There has been increasing recognition of the association between NMOSD and systemic autoimmune disease, most commonly systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjogren's syndrome. We report a case of an adolescent presenting with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 juvenile dermatomyositis (anti-MDA5 JDM) and NMOSD, exhibiting clinical features of myelitis, polyarthritis, myositis, and skin involvement. Currently, only two other published cases have described NMOSD associated with anti-MDA5 dermatomyositis, both in adults. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case in an adolescent patient.","PeriodicalId":510143,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"56 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141338896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relationship of severity of hyponatremia and adverse outcomes in children visiting the emergency department 急诊科就诊儿童低钠血症严重程度与不良后果的关系
Frontiers in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1379727
Jisu Ryoo, Arum Choi, Hyunchul Cho, Woori Bae
{"title":"Relationship of severity of hyponatremia and adverse outcomes in children visiting the emergency department","authors":"Jisu Ryoo, Arum Choi, Hyunchul Cho, Woori Bae","doi":"10.3389/fped.2024.1379727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2024.1379727","url":null,"abstract":"Mild hyponatremia is often found in patients visiting pediatric emergency departments (PEDs), but there are few large-scale studies on its association with adverse outcomes, including mortality. We conducted this study to identify the association of mild hyponatremia with adverse outcome. This retrospective observational study included children under 18 years of age visiting the PED at a tertiary hospital. We used electronic medical record data from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2020. Clinical outcomes, including ward admission, vasopressor administration, pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission, and mortality, were assessed for the total of 44,147 patients. Among these, 1,639 (3.7%) were in the hyponatremia group, with 1,521 (3.4%) exhibiting mild hyponatremia. Mild hyponatremia was more prevalent in younger patients, particularly in the 1–3 years age group, and less common in females. Patients with mild hyponatremia had a significantly prolonged median length of stay in the PED compared to normonatremic patients (5.8 h vs. 4.4 h, p < 0.001). Moreover, they showed significantly higher rates of ward admission (51.1% vs. 35.6%, p < 0.001), vasopressor administration (1.1% vs. 0.6%, p = 0.014), PICU admission (2.4% vs. 1.0%, p < 0.001), and mortality (1.5% vs. 0.3%, p < 0.001). Compared with the normonatremia group, the odds ratios (95% CI) for ward admission, vasopressor administration, PICU admission, and mortality in the mild hyponatremia group were 1.90 (1.71–2.10), 1.91 (1.17–3.13), 2.62 (1.86–3.68), and 5.56 (3.51–8.80), respectively. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate a notable upward trend in adverse outcomes, including vasopressor administration, PICU admission, and mortality, from mild hyponatremia to severe hyponatremia. In conclusion, we found that adverse outcomes increase with the severity of hyponatremia in children presenting to the PED, highlighting the importance of immediate intervention alongside the identification of the underlying cause.","PeriodicalId":510143,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141344163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A speech therapy treatment protocol for exercise induced laryngeal obstruction 运动诱发喉阻塞的语言治疗方案
Frontiers in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1356476
Tom Karlsen, Kristine Vreim, O. Røksund, M. Vollsæter, P. Muralitharan, Thor-Andre Ellingsen, J. Heimdal, T. Halvorsen, H. Clemm
{"title":"A speech therapy treatment protocol for exercise induced laryngeal obstruction","authors":"Tom Karlsen, Kristine Vreim, O. Røksund, M. Vollsæter, P. Muralitharan, Thor-Andre Ellingsen, J. Heimdal, T. Halvorsen, H. Clemm","doi":"10.3389/fped.2024.1356476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2024.1356476","url":null,"abstract":"Exercise induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) is a common cause of exertional breathing problems in young individuals, relevant to 5%–7% of young people. It is caused by paradoxical inspiratory adduction of laryngeal structures and diagnosed by continuous visualization of the larynx during high intensity exercise. Empirical data suggest that EILO consists of different subtypes that require different therapeutic approaches. Currently applied treatment approaches do not rest on randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and thus evidence-based guidelines cannot be established. This protocol describes the speech therapy treatment approach which is applied to EILO patients in a large prospective RCT called HelpILO.Consenting patients consecutively diagnosed with EILO at Haukeland University Hospital are randomized into four treatment arms. Speech therapy is represented in two of these, provided in a structured manner based on general speech therapy principles and abdominal breathing, combined with experience obtained with these patients at our hospital during the last decades. The main outcome measure of HelpILO is changes of laryngoscopically visualized laryngeal adduction, rated at peak exercise before vs. after interventions, using a validated scoring system.Despite widespread use of speech therapy in patients with EILO, this approach is insufficiently tested in RCTs, and the study is therefore considered ethically appropriate. The study will provide knowledge listed as a priority in a recent statement issued by major respiratory and laryngological societies and requested by clinicians and researchers engaged in this area. The results will be presented at relevant conferences, patient fora, and media platforms, and published in relevant peer reviewed international journals.","PeriodicalId":510143,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"64 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141347140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rice body synovitis in pediatrics: three different case reports 儿科米粒体滑膜炎:三份不同的病例报告
Frontiers in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1391229
Liping Wang, Yingying Jin, Hua Huang, Zhen Yang, Fei Ding, Xuemei Xu, Chenxi Liu, Shengfang Bao, Xiqiong Han, Jing Ma, Yanliang Jin, Haiqing Cai
{"title":"Rice body synovitis in pediatrics: three different case reports","authors":"Liping Wang, Yingying Jin, Hua Huang, Zhen Yang, Fei Ding, Xuemei Xu, Chenxi Liu, Shengfang Bao, Xiqiong Han, Jing Ma, Yanliang Jin, Haiqing Cai","doi":"10.3389/fped.2024.1391229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2024.1391229","url":null,"abstract":"Rice body synovitis (RBS) is a rare disease, especially in children. Rheumatoid disorders and tuberculosis are the first two reasons for the formation of the RB. The diagnosis is mainly based on imaging and histopathological features. Herein, we report three cases of RBS in children diagnosed with congenital synovial chondromatosis, tuberculosis (unconfirmed), and ANA -positive juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Clinical features, radiographic findings, pathophysiology, treatment process, and prognosis were reviewed and documented meticulously to enhance cognition in this population and provide some references for clinicians in diagnosing and treating the disease.","PeriodicalId":510143,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"51 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141348876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A pilot study on the characterization and correlation of oropharyngeal and intestinal microbiota in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus 关于 1 型糖尿病儿童口咽部和肠道微生物群特征及相关性的试点研究
Frontiers in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1382466
Limin Wang, Chao Gong, Ruiye Wang, Jinxue Wang, Zhanshuang Yang, Xianhe Wang
{"title":"A pilot study on the characterization and correlation of oropharyngeal and intestinal microbiota in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Limin Wang, Chao Gong, Ruiye Wang, Jinxue Wang, Zhanshuang Yang, Xianhe Wang","doi":"10.3389/fped.2024.1382466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2024.1382466","url":null,"abstract":"Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most common endocrine disorders of childhood and adolescence, showing a rapidly increasing prevalence worldwide. A study indicated that the composition of the oropharyngeal and gut microbiota changed in T1DM. However, no studies have yet associated the changes between the microbiomes of the oropharyngeal and intestinal sites, nor between the flora and clinical indicators. In this study, we examined the composition and characteristics of oropharyngeal and intestinal flora in patients with T1DM in compared to healthy children. We identified correlations between oropharyngeal and intestinal flora and evaluated their association with clinical laboratory tests in patients with T1DM.The oropharyngeal and fecal samples from 13 T1DM and 20 healthy children were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing of the V3–V4 region of 16S rRNA. The associations between microbes and microorganisms in oropharyngeal and fecal ecological niches, as well as the correlation between these and clinical indicators were further analyzed.It was revealed that T1DM children had distinct microbiological characteristics, and the dominant oropharyngeal microbiota genus included Streptococcus, Prevotella, Leptotrichia, and Neisseria; that of intestinal microbiota included Blautia, Fusicatenibacter, Bacteroides, and Eubacterium_hallii_group. Furthermore, oropharyngeal Staphylococcus was significantly positively correlated with intestinal norank_f__Ruminococcaceae and Ruminococcus_torques_group in TIDM children. Moreover, in these children, differential genes in oropharyngeal and intestinal samples were enriched in metabolic pathways such as amino acid generation, fatty acid metabolism, and nucleotide sugar biosynthesis. Additionally, correlation analysis between the oropharyngeal/intestinal microbiome with laboratory tests showed significant correlations between several bacterial taxa in the oropharynx and intestines and glycated hemoglobin and C-peptide.Unique microbial characteristics were found in the oropharynx and intestine in children with T1DM compared to healthy children. Positive correlations were found between changes in the relative abundance of oropharyngeal and gut microbiota in children with T1DM. Associations between the oropharyngeal/intestinal microbiota and laboratory investigations in children with T1DM suggest that the composition of the oropharyngeal and intestinal flora in children with T1DM may have some impact on glycemic control.","PeriodicalId":510143,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"56 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141346962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Practice recommendations regarding parental presence in NICUs during pandemics caused by respiratory pathogens like COVID-19 在由 COVID-19 等呼吸道病原体引起的大流行期间,关于新生儿重症监护病房中父母陪伴的实践建议
Frontiers in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1390209
Marsha Campbell-Yeo, Fabiana Bacchini, Lynsey Alcock, Souvik Mitra, Morgan MacNeil, Amy Mireault, M. Beltempo, Tanya Bishop, Douglas Campbell, Addie Chilcott, Jeannette Comeau, J. Dol, Amy Grant, Jonathon Gubbay, Brianna Hughes, Amos S Hundert, Darlene Inglis, Alanna Lakoff, Yasmin Lalani, T. Luu, Jenna Morton, Michael Narvey, Karel O’Brien, Paula Robeson, Michelle Science, Prakeshkumar Shah, Leah Whitehead
{"title":"Practice recommendations regarding parental presence in NICUs during pandemics caused by respiratory pathogens like COVID-19","authors":"Marsha Campbell-Yeo, Fabiana Bacchini, Lynsey Alcock, Souvik Mitra, Morgan MacNeil, Amy Mireault, M. Beltempo, Tanya Bishop, Douglas Campbell, Addie Chilcott, Jeannette Comeau, J. Dol, Amy Grant, Jonathon Gubbay, Brianna Hughes, Amos S Hundert, Darlene Inglis, Alanna Lakoff, Yasmin Lalani, T. Luu, Jenna Morton, Michael Narvey, Karel O’Brien, Paula Robeson, Michelle Science, Prakeshkumar Shah, Leah Whitehead","doi":"10.3389/fped.2024.1390209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2024.1390209","url":null,"abstract":"To co-create parental presence practice recommendations across Canadian NICUs during pandemics caused by respiratory pathogens such as COVID-19.Recommendations were developed through evidence, context, Delphi and Values and Preferences methods. For Delphi 1 and 2, participants rated 50 items and 20 items respectively on a scale from 1 (very low importance) to 5 (very high). To determine consensus, evidence and context of benefits and harms were presented and discussed within the Values and Preference framework for the top-ranked items. An agreement of 80% or more was deemed consensus.After two Delphi rounds (n = 59 participants), 13 recommendations with the highest rated importance were identified. Consensus recommendations included 6 strong recommendations (parents as essential caregivers, providing skin-to-skin contact, direct or mothers' own expressed milk feeding, attending medical rounds, mental health and psychosocial services access, and inclusion of parent partners in pandemic response planning) and 7 conditional recommendations (providing hands-on care tasks, providing touch, two parents present at the same time, food and drink access, use of communication devices, and in-person access to medical rounds and mental health and psychosocial services).These recommendations can guide institutions in developing strategies for parental presence during pandemics caused by respiratory pathogens like COVID-19","PeriodicalId":510143,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"16 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141348989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluating the use of laparoscopic gastrostomy in children with congenital heart disease in Colombia: a retrospective analysis 评估哥伦比亚先天性心脏病患儿腹腔镜胃造口术的使用情况:回顾性分析
Frontiers in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1405793
Diego Fernando Chaparro-Zaraza, Adriana Patricia Pinilla-Orejarena, Juan Pablo Otoya-Castrillón, Daniella Chacón-Valenzuela, J. J. Quintero-Olarte, Angélica Belen Cifuentes-Rincón, Bryan Felipe Quesada-Uribe, Alvaro Durán-Hernandez, Anderson Bermon, E. F. Manrique-Hernández
{"title":"Evaluating the use of laparoscopic gastrostomy in children with congenital heart disease in Colombia: a retrospective analysis","authors":"Diego Fernando Chaparro-Zaraza, Adriana Patricia Pinilla-Orejarena, Juan Pablo Otoya-Castrillón, Daniella Chacón-Valenzuela, J. J. Quintero-Olarte, Angélica Belen Cifuentes-Rincón, Bryan Felipe Quesada-Uribe, Alvaro Durán-Hernandez, Anderson Bermon, E. F. Manrique-Hernández","doi":"10.3389/fped.2024.1405793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2024.1405793","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is the most common congenital disorder and a leading cause of infant mortality. Despite improved survival rates, patients with CHD often face malnutrition due to increased metabolic demands, feeding difficulties, and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Malnutrition in CHD is linked to poor short and long-term clinical outcomes. Gastrostomy (GT) is frequently used for long-term enteral support, and laparoscopic GT (LGT) has demonstrated advantages in children without CHD. This study evaluated a modified Georgeson's percutaneous LGT technique and its perioperative complications in children with CHD.We performed an analytical retrospective cohort study from 2018 to 2022, including patients younger than 24 months with a diagnosis of CHD who underwent LGT. The primary outcome evaluated was the presence of complications during surgery and the first thirty postoperative days. Complications were graded using Clavien–Dindo's (CD) classification. Sociodemographic, clinical, and procedure-related variables were collected. A bivariate analysis was performed using STATA 15, and a p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Seventy-eight patients were eligible (male 56.41%, Median age 129.5 days, weight: 4.83 kg). The median surgery time was 35 min. The complication rate was 24.36%. The most frequent complications were GT site infection (10.26%), followed by leakage (8.97%) and granuloma formation (6.41%). Conversion to open surgery was significantly associated with postoperative complications (p = 0.002).This modified technique is well-tolerated in children with CHD, demonstrating a low rate of CD grade 3A/3B complications and no grade 4 or 5 complications.","PeriodicalId":510143,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"39 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141347206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A pediatric patient with bilateral tracheobronchial foreign body successfully treated using surgical intervention with extracorporeal circulation: case report and literature review 通过体外循环手术成功治疗一名双侧气管支气管异物的儿科患者:病例报告和文献综述
Frontiers in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1406195
Li-Qiang Xu, Qiang Liu, Min Zeng, Hui-Zhi Yan, Nan Hu, Qunxian Zhang, Qiang Guo, Jia-long Guo, Jun Zhang
{"title":"A pediatric patient with bilateral tracheobronchial foreign body successfully treated using surgical intervention with extracorporeal circulation: case report and literature review","authors":"Li-Qiang Xu, Qiang Liu, Min Zeng, Hui-Zhi Yan, Nan Hu, Qunxian Zhang, Qiang Guo, Jia-long Guo, Jun Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fped.2024.1406195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2024.1406195","url":null,"abstract":"Unilateral Tracheobronchial foreign body (TFB) present a common clinical disease, whereas bilateral TFB is a rare and acute condition associated with high mortality rates. This case study discusses a pediatric patient hospitalized due to respiratory distress following accidental ingestion of peanut kernels. A plain chest CT scan revealed obstructive emphysema in the right main bronchus and a foreign body at the opening of the left main bronchus. Surgical removal of the bilateral TFB under extracorporeal circulation resulted in a successful postoperative recovery, leading to discharge on the 9th day. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across databases including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and CNKI, spanning publications from January 2014 to October 2023, utilizing keywords “bronchial foreign body” and “Peanut”. After deduplication and relevance screening, 9 pertinent literature sources were included. The objective of this study is to enhance clinical practitioners' understanding of TFB management and improve diagnostic and treatment capabilities through analysis of age of onset, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment approaches in critically ill pediatric patients.","PeriodicalId":510143,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"108 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141352162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Monogenic Inborn Errors of Immunity with impaired IgG response to polysaccharide antigens but normal IgG levels and normal IgG response to protein antigens 对多糖抗原的 IgG 反应受损,但 IgG 水平正常,对蛋白质抗原的 IgG 反应正常的单基因先天性免疫错误
Frontiers in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1386959
Maria Fasshauer, Sarah Dinges, O. Staudacher, M. Völler, Anna Stittrich, Horst von Bernuth, Volker Wahn, Renate Krüger
{"title":"Monogenic Inborn Errors of Immunity with impaired IgG response to polysaccharide antigens but normal IgG levels and normal IgG response to protein antigens","authors":"Maria Fasshauer, Sarah Dinges, O. Staudacher, M. Völler, Anna Stittrich, Horst von Bernuth, Volker Wahn, Renate Krüger","doi":"10.3389/fped.2024.1386959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2024.1386959","url":null,"abstract":"In patients with severe and recurrent infections, minimal diagnostic workup to test for Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) includes a full blood count, IgG, IgA and IgM. Vaccine antibodies against tetanus toxoid are also frequently measured, whereas testing for anti-polysaccharide IgG antibodies and IgG subclasses is not routinely performed by primary care physicians. This basic approach may cause a significant delay in diagnosing monogenic IEI that can present with an impaired IgG response to polysaccharide antigens with or without IgG subclass deficiency at an early stage. Our article reviews genetically defined IEI, that may initially present with an impaired IgG response to polysaccharide antigens, but normal or only slightly decreased IgG levels and normal responses to protein or conjugate vaccine antigens. We summarize clinical, genetic, and immunological findings characteristic for these IEI. This review may help clinicians to identify patients that require extended immunologic and genetic evaluations despite unremarkable basic immunologic findings. We recommend the inclusion of anti-polysaccharide IgG antibodies as part of the initial routine work-up for possible IEI.","PeriodicalId":510143,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"78 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141352879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Increased disease severity during COVID-19 related hospitalization in black non-hispanic, hispanic and medicaid-insured young children 非西班牙裔黑人、西班牙裔和有医疗保险的幼儿在与 COVID-19 相关的住院治疗期间疾病严重程度增加
Frontiers in Pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1373444
M. Ochapa, Leah McGrath, Tamuno Alfred, Santiago M. C. Lopez, Rajeev M. Nepal
{"title":"Increased disease severity during COVID-19 related hospitalization in black non-hispanic, hispanic and medicaid-insured young children","authors":"M. Ochapa, Leah McGrath, Tamuno Alfred, Santiago M. C. Lopez, Rajeev M. Nepal","doi":"10.3389/fped.2024.1373444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2024.1373444","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected marginalized groups in the United States. Although most children have mild or asymptomatic COVID-19, some experience severe disease and long-term complications. However, few studies have examined health disparities in severe COVID-19 outcomes among US children.To examine disparities in the clinical outcomes of infants and children aged <5 years hospitalized with COVID-19 by race/ethnicity and payer status.Children aged <5 years hospitalized with an admission diagnosis of COVID-19 (April 2021-February 2023) were selected from the PINC AI™ Healthcare Database. Hospital outcomes included length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, oxygen supplementation, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and prolonged duration of each outcome. Multivariable logistic regression models compared hospitalization outcomes by race/ethnicity and payer status.Among 10,190 children (mean age: 0.9 years, 56.5% male, 66.7% Medicaid-insured), race/ethnicity was distributed as follows: White non-Hispanic (35.1%), Hispanic (any or Unknown race; 28.3%), Black non-Hispanic (15.2%), Other race/ethnicity (8.9%) and Unknown (12.5%). Payer status varied by race/ethnicity. White non-Hispanic children had the highest proportion with commercial insurance (42.9%) while other racial/ethnic groups ranged between 13.8% to 26.1%. Black non-Hispanic children had the highest proportion with Medicaid (82.3%) followed by Hispanic children (76.9%). Black non-Hispanic children had higher odds of prolonged outcomes: LOS (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.05–1.38), ICU days (aOR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.07–1.93), and IMV days (aOR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.09–2.97) compared to White non-Hispanic children. Similar patterns were observed for Hispanic and children of Other race/ethnicity. Medicaid-insured and children with other insurance had higher odds of prolonged LOS and oxygen days than commercially insured patients.There were disparities in clinical outcomes of COVID-19 by race/ethnicity and insurance type, particularly for prolonged-duration outcomes. Further research is required to fully comprehend the causes and consequences of these disparities and develop strategies to reduce them while ensuring equitable healthcare delivery.","PeriodicalId":510143,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","volume":"138 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141350926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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