Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"A Meta-Analysis Approach on Medical, Surgical and Expectant Management on Abortion of First Trimester","authors":"Shivali Negi, Kavya Sharma, Anwesa Acharya, Ananya Prabhu, Rinshu Dwivedi, Ramesh Athe","doi":"10.54103/2282-0930/22705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54103/2282-0930/22705","url":null,"abstract":"An increase in miscarriage in the first trimester of gestation and its associated complication is burden-some on the quality of life of a woman. Medical, surgical, and expectant care are carried out after the miscarriage to remove any remaining tissues in the uterus. Understanding the efficacy and safety of these interventions will raise awareness and be a deciding factor to choose an appropriate treatment plan. Present review aims to determine the efficacy and safety of medical, surgical, and expectant care of various medical and surgical methods for first-trimester miscarriage. This review included studies that allocated women to medical, surgical or expectant management in the first trimester. PubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and Embase Library were searched for the literature. The primary outcome was the complete evacuation of products of conception. Data were independently reviewed, graded for evidence quality, and assessed for risk bias by using the guidelines of PRISMA (Preferred Report Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis). 21 eligible articles were included in this systematic review, comprising of 7931 patients undergoing medical, surgical or expectant-management for early spontaneous-miscarriage. The success rate in surgical intervention was higher when compared with medical intervention (OR: 16.12 [9.11, 28.52]) and expectant management (OR: 2.78 [2.13, 3.61]). Whereas medical intervention had a high success rate when compared with expectant-management (OR: 4.29 [2.31, 7.97]). The review determines the effect of medical, surgical, and expectant-management procedures on women who have had spontaneous-miscarriages in their first-trimester. PROSPERO-International prospective register of systematic reviews–CRD42020154395.","PeriodicalId":510132,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Public Health","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141805416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of Trauma Injuries Caused by Traffic Accidents in Baixada Santista, Brazil","authors":"Luís Fernando Rosati Rocha, Ana Paula de Carvalho Miranda Rosati Rocha, A. P. T. Sobral, Juliana Maria Altavista Sagretti Gallo, Nathálie Beatriz do Carmo Silva, S. Bussadori, A. L. Martimbianco, Gustavo Duarte Mendes, E. M. Santos, Marcela Gonçalves","doi":"10.54103/2282-0930/23370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54103/2282-0930/23370","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In Brazil, traffic accidents have been on the rise. There is a very high social and economic impact in the country, either by the direct sequelae that are left by the trauma, or by the deaths caused by it. Objective: This study aims to analyze the medical care associated with traffic accident-induced trauma in Baixada Santista, a Brazilian region comprising nine cities (six of which were included in this paper), along with the causes and consequences of such incidents for the population. Methods: For data collection, DATA SUS BRASIL, which is a governmental website, was used. The impact that trauma causes on people and the main bodily injuries produced in them, the most affected groups and the cities of the Baixada Santista where the accidents occurred were collected. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics / relative frequencies. Results: The analysis reveals that young men, particularly those who ride motorcycles, are most susceptible to traffic accidents. In relation to the cities of the Baixada Santista, we verified that the city of Santos emerges as the primary location for these accidents, primarily due to its substantial motorcycle fleet. Conclusions: There is a pressing need to implement preventive measures targeting young male motorcyclists in this region. It is through awareness that it will be possible to act in the prevention of accidents and reinforce to the public power, not only the need for consciousness, but also the importance of qualifying the nurses and professionals involved in the treatment and rescue of victims.","PeriodicalId":510132,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Public Health","volume":" 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141832844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short Term Regional and Age-Specific Disparities in Suicide Epidemiology in Poland","authors":"Natalia Olszańska, Przemysław Waszak, Paweł Zagożdżon","doi":"10.54103/2282-0930/22856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54103/2282-0930/22856","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Despite declining trends in the first two decades of the 21st century, Poland remains a country with relatively high suicide rates. Developing national suicide prevention programmes starts from analysing trends in suicide rates and identifying high risk groups. The aim of this study was to examine suicide epidemiology trends in Poland with a specific focus on age groups and regional differences. Method: This epidemiological analysis examined suicide statistics from 2017 to 2022. We calculated and analysed standardised suicide rates (SDR) across different age groups and regions in Poland using data acquired from Police Headquarters statistics. Percentage changes for the whole study period were determined. Official data on the Polish population was obtained from the Central Statistical Office.Results: Throughout the analysed period, SDR calculated for all ages remained stable, declining by only 2% from 2017 to 2022. The highest SDR were noted in the 55-59 and 60-64 age groups (19,4 and 19,1 per 100 000, respectively, in 2022). Between age groups, notable disparities in trends of changes of SDR values were observed. The greatest increases of 21.6% and 19.6% were noted in the youngest (13-18) and eldest (85+) age groups, respectively. The largest regional increase by 14.4% concerned the Warmian-Masurian region, followed by the Opolskie region by 13.51%. Both regions have some of the lowest GDP values among Polish regions.Conclusion: In Poland suicide rates have increased significantly among adolescents, the eldest and those living in economically disadvantaged regions. The obtained results highlight the need for implementing tailored preventative programmes.","PeriodicalId":510132,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Public Health","volume":"59 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141339013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Italian Society of Medical Statistics and Clinical Epidemiology (SISMEC) Working Group on “Environment, Climate and Health”: topics, aims and perspectives","authors":"Giovanni Veronesi, Susanna Conti","doi":"10.54103/2282-0930/23480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54103/2282-0930/23480","url":null,"abstract":"In the latest edition of the Conference of the Parties (COP 28, Dubai, 2023), the discussion on air pollution-induced climate change was expanded to include for the first time the health concerns of exposed populations [1]. This fact enshrines the indissolubility of the three themes – Environment, Climate and Health – not only within the scientific community, but also in political, educational and dissemination contexts.","PeriodicalId":510132,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Public Health","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141270244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crack Cocaine Use and Mortality Risk: A Follow-Up Study on 178 Individuals in Drug Treatment for Crack Cocaine Problems","authors":"R. Pavarin","doi":"10.54103/2282-0930/22517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54103/2282-0930/22517","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In Europe, crack cocaine use is mainly observed in vulnerable and marginalized groups, many of whom have other substance use problems, including heroin-related problems. Objectives: To examine mortality risk and causes of death in a cohort of crack users.Methods: We performed a follow-up study to assess mortality in a cohort of patients who entered drug treatment for crack cocaine problems in the metropolitan area of Bologna (Northern Italy) from 1992 to 2020.Results: Most of participants were polydrug users, 75% reported concomitant heroin, 55% cocaine and 24% alcohol use; 43% have injected a substance. Mortality was six times higher than in the general population, and overdose and infectious diseases were among the leading causes of death.Conclusions: Longitudinal epidemiological studies are needed to systematically assess the health outcomes of crack cocaine use.","PeriodicalId":510132,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Public Health","volume":"18 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dimensionality Reduction problem: a Comprehensive Exploration of Disjoint Principal Component Analysis (DPCA) and Disjoint Multiple Correspondence Analysis (DMCA)","authors":"M. Fordellone","doi":"10.54103/2282-0930/22513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54103/2282-0930/22513","url":null,"abstract":"This paper delves into the realm of advanced data analysis, focusing on two powerful dimensionality reduction methods: Disjoint Principal Component Analysis (DPCA) and Disjoint Multiple Correspondence Analysis (DMCA). Methodological marvels in their own right, these approaches are scrutinized for their unique properties and applications across diverse domains. We navigate through the intricacies of their algorithms and explore how they unveil patterns within complex datasets. The comparative analysis highlights the strengths and weaknesses of DPCA and DMCA, shedding light on their distinct contributions to the analytical landscape. This paper serves as a comprehensive guide for researchers and analysts seeking deeper insights into these cutting-edge techniques for dimensional reduction.","PeriodicalId":510132,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Public Health","volume":" 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of High Levels of Urine Proteins as a Sign of Impaired Kidney Function in Communities Around a Nickel Mining Industry in Morosi District, Southeast Sulawesi","authors":"Tasnim Tasnim, Rahmawati Rahmawati, Yunita Amraeni, La Djabo Buton, Titi Saparina.L, Sri Mulyani, La Ode Tasrun, Noviati Noviati","doi":"10.54103/2282-0930/22312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54103/2282-0930/22312","url":null,"abstract":"The study is proposed to analyse the influence of individual and environmental factors on protein urine levels as a parameter for impaired kidney function in the community around Nickel mining industry in Morosi Sub-District, Southeast Sulawesi Indonesia. This quantitative study used a cross sectional study design. The population was people in 3 villages around the nickel mining industry aged 20-59 years. The sample size was 61 people using simple random sampling technique. Independent variable was age as representation of individual factor and environmental factors including house condition, water quality, waste management and household liquid waste. Protein urine as a parameter for impaired kidney function as the dependent variable. Data was collected by questionnaire and taking urine samples. Data were analysed using the multinomial logistic regression test with a significance level of 95%. The results show that the determinant of proteinuria levels in communities around the Morosi nickel mining industry was age (p=0.038<0.05), the water source quality (p=0.002<0.05). Solid waste management (p=0.05) and waste water management (p-value=0.045< 0.05). Meanwhile, the house condition had no effect on high proteinuria levels (p value> 0.05). In conclusion, impaired kidney function in communities around the Morosi nickel mining industry due to age, poor quality of water sources and poor management of solid waste and household liquid waste.","PeriodicalId":510132,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Public Health","volume":"1 10‐12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140698447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthy and Unhealthy Plant-Based Diets and Body Weight in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Narrative Review","authors":"Angela D'Angelo, S. Vitale, E. Palumbo, Livia S A Augustin","doi":"10.54103/2282-0930/22226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54103/2282-0930/22226","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity in breast cancer (BC) survivors increase the risk of BC recurrence, second primary BC, BC-specific mortality, and overall mortality. Guidelines for BC survivors encourage healthy lifestyles by promoting healthy diets, engage in physical activity and avoid weight gain to achieve longer survival and improved quality of life. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the possible beneficial role of plant-based diets in body weight control and in BC risk and prognosis. Plant-based diets can be evaluated using dietary indices which provide a quantitative measure of how closely an individual’s diet aligns with a plant-based dietary pattern. However, there is a need to distinguish plant-based diets in healthy and unhealthy. This approach would address a research gap that often overlooks the quality and specific types of plant foods consumed. The aim of this narrative review is to analyze how a plant-based diet may impact on body weight in BC survivors, synthesizing existing evidence and discussing the potential mechanisms and implications. The findings suggest the importance of considering the quality of plant-based diets, as some may include vegetarian foods with a low nutritional profile which may negatively impact on body weight. This aspect could be crucial in preventing weight gain in women with BC, as body weight is considered a risk factor for poor BC prognosis and reduced survival.","PeriodicalId":510132,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Public Health","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social and Environmental Factors Influencing COVID-19 Transmission and Mortalities in Developing and Developed Nations","authors":"Soheli Chowdhury, Majeedul Chowdhury","doi":"10.54103/2282-0930/21894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54103/2282-0930/21894","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The study sought to establish environmental and social factors that influenced the transmission and mortalities of COVID-19 in developing and developed nations. The factors that were assessed included temperature, average age of the population, urbanization, population density, and percentage of old-aged people in the population. The dependent variables were COVID-19 transmission and COVID-19-related deaths. Methods: The study employed a pragmatism research philosophy. It also relied on a deductive research approach and a descriptive research design. It adopted a mixed-method approach as it used both qualitative and quantitative data. It was a cross-sectional study, given its data measurement at a particular point in time. Data was analyzed and presented using descriptive techniques. Results: Statistical analyses were conducted to quantify the relationships between various factors and COVID-19 outcomes. A Kendall’s Tau test revealed a robust negative correlation between COVID-19 cases and temperature (Tb = -0.560, p<0.005). This result was further confirmed by Spearman’s rank correlation, showing a strong negative correlation with r(13) = -0.684, p<0.007. Similarly, a strong negative correlation was observed between COVID-19 deaths and average annual temperature using both Kendall’s Tau (Tb = -0.495, p<0.014) and Spearman’s rank correlation (r(13) = -0.648, p<0.012). Age emerged as a significant factor, with a strong positive correlation found between age and both COVID-19 infections (Tb = 0.516, p<0.010; r(13) = 0.670, p<0.009) and COVID-19-related mortalities (r(13) = 0.516, p<0.029). Urbanization was also positively correlated with COVID-19 infections (Tb = 0.530, p<0.008; r(13) = 0.640, p<0.014) and COVID-19 deaths (Tb = 0.398, p<0.048; r(13) = 0.561, p<0.037). Interestingly, no significant correlation was found between population density and COVID-19 infections or deaths in both developed and developing countries, as evidenced by Kendall’s Tau (TB = 0.331, p<0.1; Tb = 0.133, p<0.511) and Spearman’s rank correlation (r(13) = 0.425, p<0.130; r(13) = 0.161, p<0.583), respectively. Moreover, the percentage of elderly individuals in a country exhibited a strong positive correlation with both COVID-19 infections (Tb = 0.464, p<0.021; r(13) = 0.642, p<0.013) and COVID-19-related deaths (r(13) = 0.541, p<0.046).Conclusion: The study focused on social, demographic, and environmental factors influencing COVID-19 incidence and mortality in developing and developed nations. The study highlights significant COVID-19 transmission and mortality disparities between developed and developing countries. Developed countries exhibited higher infection and mortality rates, coupled with elevated death rates per million and infection rates per million, as compared to their developing counterparts. The research identified a correlation between lower average annual temperatures and increased mortality in developed countries. Contrary to this, high average","PeriodicalId":510132,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Public Health","volume":"76 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy-associated Cancers: A Narrative Review","authors":"G. Esposito, Carlo La Vecchia, Francesco Fedele, F. Parazzini","doi":"10.54103/2282-0930/22286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54103/2282-0930/22286","url":null,"abstract":"Pregnancy-associated cancers are malignancies diagnosed during pregnancy or within one year of delivery or abortion. These cancers present unique challenges because of the delicate balance required for maternal-fetal health. Diagnosis can be made complex by physiological changes associated with pregnancy, and treatment decisions must take into account potential harm to the foetus. Multidisciplinary collaboration between oncologists and obstetricians is essential. Despite the complexities, early detection and tailored management can optimise outcomes for both mother and child. A systematic approach is currently lacking; further research into prenatal exposure to maternal cancer is recommended to formulate evidence-based guidelines for the management of cancer in pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":510132,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Public Health","volume":"42 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139961876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}