Castanea最新文献_第7页

A New Species of Clinopodium (Lamiaceae) from Alabama 标题美国阿拉巴马州卷足属一新种

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2020-07-31 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.85.2.296

A. Floden, T. Avent, Z. Hill, B. Keener

引用次数: 0

The Complete Plastid Genome of Neottia bifolia (Raf.) Baumbach (Orchidaceae): Insights Into Chlorophyllous and Achlorophyllous Plastid Genomes 双歧Neottia bifolia (Raf.)质体全基因组的研究鲍姆巴赫(兰科):叶绿素和叶绿素质体基因组的新见解

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2020-07-31 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.85.2.285

J. Rentsch, Landon J. Hardee, Caroline E. Shelley, M. Williams

{"title":"The Complete Plastid Genome of Neottia bifolia (Raf.) Baumbach (Orchidaceae): Insights Into Chlorophyllous and Achlorophyllous Plastid Genomes","authors":"J. Rentsch, Landon J. Hardee, Caroline E. Shelley, M. Williams","doi":"10.2179/0008-7475.85.2.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2179/0008-7475.85.2.285","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Neottia bifolia is a small, terrestrial orchid distributed across the southeastern United States and northward up the Atlantic coast into Canada. The genus is well-studied as a model for the evolution of mycoheterotrophy, having both chlorophyllous and putatively achlorophyllous taxa. Despite this, the photosynthetic species, N. bifolia is relatively understudied. We provide results from the sequencing, assembly, and annotation of the complete plastid genome of N. bifolia and examine some evolutionary trends in the genus, using the 10 additional complete Neottia plastid genomes available on GenBank. We find that the plastid genome of N. bifolia is 156,533 base pairs in length with 130 protein-coding genes, including 38 tRNA genes and eight rRNA genes. We find a similar number of rRNAs and tRNAs across the genus, but significantly fewer protein coding genes and an overall smaller plastid genome size in the mycoheterotrophic species. We find support for the monophyly of the mycoheterotrophic species. The placement of N. bifolia varies slightly between inferences, but the species is most frequently placed in a clade with Neottia cordata, Neottia japonica, and Neottia suzuki.","PeriodicalId":50984,"journal":{"name":"Castanea","volume":"85 1","pages":"285 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46329475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Noteworthy Collections: County Additions to the Virginia Flora Vouchered at the Radford University Herbarium 值得注意的收藏：拉德福德大学植物标本馆捐赠的弗吉尼亚植物标本中的郡增补品

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.14

Eric T. Allen, Karen E. Powers, Christine J. Small, T. Wieboldt

{"title":"Noteworthy Collections: County Additions to the Virginia Flora Vouchered at the Radford University Herbarium","authors":"Eric T. Allen, Karen E. Powers, Christine J. Small, T. Wieboldt","doi":"10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Fifty-seven county records, representing 56 species and 28 vascular plant families, are reported here as new additions to the Virginia flora. All voucher specimen are housed in the Radford University Herbarium (RUHV). Our study examined the entirety of the nearly 10,000-specimen collection at Radford University. Each specimen was manually cross-referenced with current county records; when potentially new county records were discovered, identifications were verified. We also determined whether any new county records were listed as state-, federally-, or globally-imperiled. Among the county records, we also determined the number and distribution of non-native and potentially invasive species. Most specimens were collected from Virginia's Appalachian Mountain region. Of the 56 species, two have conservation ratings of globally and state “vulnerable” (Monotropsis odorata and Aconitum reclinatum). Several others are “globally secure” but of concern in Virginia, including two state-imperiled species (Calopogon tuberosus and Stylophorum diphyllum) and three vulnerable species (Carex shortiana, Pogonia ophioglossoides, and Stachys latidens). We also document the first county records of three invasive species (Ludwigia grandiflora ssp. hexapetala, Poa trivialis, and Securigeria varia). These contributions show how smaller herbarium collections contribute to our understanding of Virginia's natural history and native and non-native flora.","PeriodicalId":50984,"journal":{"name":"Castanea","volume":"85 1","pages":"14 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41640830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plant Community Composition in Two Human-Modified Landscapes, a Powerline Corridor and an Old Field 电力线走廊与旧田两种人为改造景观的植物群落组成

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.185

D. L. Eyitayo, B. Mccarthy

{"title":"Plant Community Composition in Two Human-Modified Landscapes, a Powerline Corridor and an Old Field","authors":"D. L. Eyitayo, B. Mccarthy","doi":"10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.185","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Human landscape modification elicits changes in plant community composition due to altered microclimate conditions. We asked the question whether floristic composition, abundance, species richness, and diversity differ between habitat types in two human-modified landscapes, with contrasting management regimes. We measured species richness and cover of all vascular plants in forest, edge, and corridor habitats of a powerline easement, as well as in a nearby old field. Powerline corridor habitat had 21% more species than adjoining forest habitat and was dominated by shrub and herbaceous species. We also found that soil pH and litter depth are significant predictors of species richness along powerline corridor edges and in open old-field habitat. Particularly, we observed maximum species richness in plots with moderately high soil pH of between 5 and 5.5 along powerline corridor edges and in open old-field habitat. Powerline corridor plots with less surface litter also had higher species richness. Invasive species such as Microstegium vimineum and Rosa multiflora were more abundant in the open old-field habitat maintained annually by mowing than in powerline corridor habitat maintained usually every five years by herbicide spraying and selective removal of trees. Our findings indicate that the diverse floristic composition of powerline corridors support organisms at higher trophic levels and hence provide opportunity for conserving biodiversity within human-modified landscapes.","PeriodicalId":50984,"journal":{"name":"Castanea","volume":"85 1","pages":"185 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43451530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Vascular Flora and Ecological Community Assessment of the Blue Ridge Center for Environmental Stewardship, Loudoun County, Virginia 弗吉尼亚州劳顿县蓝岭环境管理中心的维管植物群和生态群落评估

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.42

Elizabeth McMurchie, A. Weeks

{"title":"Vascular Flora and Ecological Community Assessment of the Blue Ridge Center for Environmental Stewardship, Loudoun County, Virginia","authors":"Elizabeth McMurchie, A. Weeks","doi":"10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.42","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A floristic survey and analysis of community composition were conducted at the Blue Ridge Center for Environmental Stewardship (BRCES) in Loudoun County, Virginia during 2017 and 2018. BRCES comprises 392 hectares of open and forested upland and wetland habitat between the Blue Ridge and Short Hill Mountain in the Northern Blue Ridge physiographic province. In 2014, the majority of BRCES was transferred to the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation to be developed into the county's first state park. This study provides the first comprehensive inventory of its vascular flora. In total, 515 vascular plant species belonging to 328 genera and 105 families were identified. Forty-four species and seven varieties and subspecies identified were new records for Loudoun County. Pycnanthemum torreyi and Platanthera peramoena, which are considered rare at the state level under the Virginia Natural Heritage Resources designations S2 (imperiled) and S1 (critically imperiled), were recorded. Eleven 20 m × 20 m forest vegetation plots were used to determine community types as defined by the Virginia Natural Heritage Program. Forested habitat comprised five distinct community types belonging to terrestrial and palustrine systems: Inner Piedmont/Lower Blue Ridge Basic Oak-Hickory Forest, Piedmont/Central Appalachian Rich Floodplain Forest, Northern Piedmont Small-Stream Floodplain Forest, Inner Piedmont/Lower Blue Ridge Basic Mesic Forest, and Piedmont/Central Appalachian Mixed Oak/Heath Forest.","PeriodicalId":50984,"journal":{"name":"Castanea","volume":"85 1","pages":"42 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46686960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Comparison of Algal Assemblages in Response to Eutrophication of a Stream by a Wastewater Treatment Plant 污水处理厂对水体富营养化反应的藻类组合比较

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.122

J. Lebkuecher, James M. Mauney

{"title":"Comparison of Algal Assemblages in Response to Eutrophication of a Stream by a Wastewater Treatment Plant","authors":"J. Lebkuecher, James M. Mauney","doi":"10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.122","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Periphyton and water were sampled 1 km upstream of the Cookeville Wastewater Treatment Plant (PRupstream), 2 km downstream of the discharge (PRdownstream), and from a tributary (PO) 10 km south of the wastewater treatment plant. Percent composition of 113 algal taxa were documented. Assemblages of soft-bodied algae and diatoms at the PRdownstream site had more eutrophic taxa than assemblages at the other sites. Water at the PRdownstream site had >7-fold higher concentration of total phosphorus (193 µg·L-1), yet <1.5-fold higher concentration of total nitrogen (1900 µg·L-1) than water at the other sites. The total nitrogen to total phosphorous ratio (TN:TP ratio) at the PRdownstream site (9.8) was below the value hypothesized for N-limitation of algae growth (10), whereas the ratios at the PRupstream site (65.9) and PO site (62.4) were above. Phosphorus and nitrogen additions to in vitro growth assays using Raphidocelis subcapitata indicate in vitro carrying capacity for Raphidocelis subcapitata was P limited in water from the PRupstream and PO sites. In vitro carrying capacity for Raphidocelis subcapitata was significantly greater and N-limited in water from the PRdownstream site. The results indicate that reduction of the TN:TP ratio of Pigeon Roost Creek changed the nutrient that limits in vitro carrying capacity for R. subcapitata from P to N, and imply that standard growth assays using Raphidocelis subcapitata to evaluate carrying capacity of P-enriched stream water may not indicate the extent of the impact of the P-enrichment to a watershed due to N-limitation of carrying capacity in vitro.","PeriodicalId":50984,"journal":{"name":"Castanea","volume":"85 1","pages":"122 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45810406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Phenotypic Variation of Partridge Pea (Chamaecrista fasciculata) from Mississippi Persists in a Common Garden 来自密西西比的鹧鸪豌豆(Chamaecrista fasciculata)的表型变异在一个普通花园中持续存在

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.93

L. Wallace, Mahboubeh Hosseinalizadeh-Nobarinezhad, Robert Coltharp

{"title":"Phenotypic Variation of Partridge Pea (Chamaecrista fasciculata) from Mississippi Persists in a Common Garden","authors":"L. Wallace, Mahboubeh Hosseinalizadeh-Nobarinezhad, Robert Coltharp","doi":"10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.93","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Intraspecific phenotypic variation occurs for many different reasons and understanding its basis has applications in taxonomy, ecology, and evolution. Chamaecrista fasciculata (partridge pea) is a widely distributed species with much phenotypic variation and varied interactions with other species in communities where it grows. Botanists have often noted that phenotypic variation in some traits of this species increases from north to south in the eastern United States. In this study, we grew seeds collected from five Mississippi populations in a common greenhouse environment to determine if the observed variation in leaf and stem traits is maintained in this environment. Interpopulation variation in the greenhouse-grown plants was not as extensive as that observed under natural conditions, but significant differences were detected in the number of stems and leaves and shoot height. The number of flowers and final shoot weight of plants did not differ, suggesting that there may be multiple growth strategies for this species to achieve equal fitness. Variation was detected in stem and leaflet trichome density. The population collected at the lowest latitude showed the most distinct morphology, producing shorter plants with many branched stems, more leaves, and a higher degree of leaflet pubescence. Trait variation that has so often been observed in natural populations of this species is maintained in a common environment, suggesting a genetic basis for the observed variation. Phenotypic variation observed in this species may reflect both responses to varied selective pressures from interacting species and adaptation to differing climatic factors.","PeriodicalId":50984,"journal":{"name":"Castanea","volume":"85 1","pages":"107 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47027186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Saxifraga tridactylites (Saxifragaceae) Naturalized in the Southeastern and Northwestern United States 三栖虎耳草(虎耳草科)归化于美国东南部和西北部

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.1

Courtney Alley, Erica Rylander, Jacob Dawson, M. Feely, Dakila A Ledesma, Nate Parrish, Caleb Powell, J. Shelton, W. Barger, P. Davison, J. Shaw

引用次数: 1

Scientific Note: Insects associated with Guettarda scabra in Everglades National Park, Florida 科学笔记：佛罗里达州大沼泽地国家公园中与灰蝶有关的昆虫

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.155

S. Koptur

引用次数: 2

Survey of Rare Plants Within a Calcareous Flatwoods Community and Analysis of Plant-Environmental Relationships 石灰质扁平林群落珍稀植物调查及植物-环境关系分析

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.205

J. P. Moss, Natalie J. Bailey, M. Cipollini

{"title":"Survey of Rare Plants Within a Calcareous Flatwoods Community and Analysis of Plant-Environmental Relationships","authors":"J. P. Moss, Natalie J. Bailey, M. Cipollini","doi":"10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2179/0008-7475.85.1.205","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Southern Ridge and Valley Calcareous Flatwoods community is represented by a diverse and unique plant association. Atypical edaphic processes may explain the presence of disjunct or nearly endemic species, including several federal/state endangered and rare species. To evaluate this community, we surveyed a 238-ha plot at Berry College (Floyd County, GA) within a known calcareous flatwoods habitat. Contiguous 30 m wide transects were surveyed for 12 focal species in 2018. Canopy photos and soil samples were taken at sites where focal plants were found, as well as at 30 random sites within the plot. Soils were analyzed for pH, lime buffer capacity (LBC), Ca, Mg, P, K, Mn, and Zn. Canopy photos were analyzed for variables related to canopy openness. Of focal species, only Asclepias hirtella (N=52) and Marshallia mohrii (N=12) were found during the survey. Contrary to expectations, this habitat was not uniformly high in Ca (mean 603 ppm) or pH (mean 4.8). Sites where focal species were found differed from random sites in LBC (lower for both species), variables related to canopy openness (higher for A. hirtella), Mg (higher for both species), and K (lower for A. hirtella). A principal components analysis supported these results; A. hirtella was associated with higher canopy openness and Mg, and lower LBC and K. We also report analogous results for nearby sites harboring target species, and demonstrate a probable effect of land cover on soil pH. Our results should inform decisions concerning management of calcareous flatwoods habitats and their characteristic species.","PeriodicalId":50984,"journal":{"name":"Castanea","volume":"85 1","pages":"205 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46240659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1