Castanea最新文献_第6页

2021 Elizabeth Ann Bartholomew Award Zack E. Murrell 2021年伊丽莎白·安·巴塞洛缪奖

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.149

C. Horn

引用次数: 0

Integrating Genetics, Morphology, and Fungal Host Specificity in Conservation Studies of a Vulnerable, Selfing, Mycoheterotrophic Orchid (Corallorhiza bentleyi Freudenst.) 整合遗传学、形态学和真菌宿主特异性对脆弱、自私、真菌异养兰（Corallorhiza bentleyi Freudenst.）保护研究

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.1

Nicole M. Fama, Brandon T. Sinn, Craig F. Barrett

{"title":"Integrating Genetics, Morphology, and Fungal Host Specificity in Conservation Studies of a Vulnerable, Selfing, Mycoheterotrophic Orchid (Corallorhiza bentleyi Freudenst.)","authors":"Nicole M. Fama, Brandon T. Sinn, Craig F. Barrett","doi":"10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Mycoheterotrophic plants derive most or all carbon and nutrients from fungal partners and represent poorly understood components of forest biodiversity. Many are rare or endangered yet can be ecological indicators of forest ecosystem function due to fungal host requirements. One such species is the IUCN red-listed (“vulnerable”), fully mycoheterotrophic orchid, Corallorhiza bentleyi. This recently described species is among the rarest plants in Appalachia, known from five counties in Virginia and West Virginia. The species has a restricted range, small population size, and is self-pollinating. Here, an integrative approach was taken in conservation genetic assessment of C. bentleyi using floral morphometrics, simple-sequence repeats, and fungal host DNA to characterize variation within and among sampling localities. Morphology reveals differentiation among individuals from six sampling localities. Surprisingly, most genetic variation is found within localities, contrary to the expectation for a selfing species. Fungal host DNA reveals extreme specificity upon a few genotypes of a single ectomycorrhizal host species, Tomentella fuscocinerea, across all localities. We discuss conservation implications of morphological, genetic, and symbiotic diversity in this vulnerable species, and recommend additional assessment of conservation status based on: an obligate reproductive mode of selfing, preventing benefits of outcrossing among genetically non-identical individuals; extreme host specificity, severely restricting niche space; and highly fragmented habitat under threat from anthropogenic disturbance. This study underscores the importance of integrative conservation assessment, analyzing multiple data sources, and reveals patterns not readily apparent from census-based assessments alone.","PeriodicalId":50984,"journal":{"name":"Castanea","volume":"86 1","pages":"1 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43186530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

2021 Richard and Minnie Windler Award Recipients 2021年理查德和米妮温德勒奖得主

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.147

Elizabeth McMurchie, A. Weeks, Justin P. Williams, T. Hawkins, Minnie Windler

引用次数: 0

Do Morning Butterfly Visitors Benefit a Night-Flowering Hawkmoth Pollinated Plant? 晨间蝴蝶游客对夜花Hawkmost授粉植物有益吗？

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.100

S. Koptur, Sean R. Pena, Beyte Barrios Roque

{"title":"Do Morning Butterfly Visitors Benefit a Night-Flowering Hawkmoth Pollinated Plant?","authors":"S. Koptur, Sean R. Pena, Beyte Barrios Roque","doi":"10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.100","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The white, tubular, fragrant flowers of Guettarda scabra (Rubiaceae), rough-leaved velvetseed, open in the evening and are visited by hawkmoths (Sphingidae). Flowers last for one day, and recent observations reveal that butterflies also visit these flowers. Hawkmoths hover over the flower and lower their proboscis into the corolla to collect the nectar. Butterflies land on the petals before inserting their proboscis and may transport pollen on their bodies as well as their mouthparts. We conducted an experiment to determine the importance of each of these guilds for pollination of G. scabra. We excluded day-time visitors from some inflorescences and night-time visitors from others on the same plants (with two controls: some open all the time and some bagged all the time). We maintained this regimen during the entire flowering period of the selected inflorescences over two months and compared fruit set among the treatments. The control-open inflorescences and the night-open inflorescences had substantially higher fruit set than day-open and control-bagged inflorescences. Mean fruit set of day-open plus night-open inflorescences approximated that of control-open inflorescences, and although the fruit set of day-open flowers was small, it differed from bagged controls. Fruit set in G. scabra is determined almost entirely by hawkmoths, but butterflies may be useful as secondary pollinators. As plants flower in months when afternoon and evening rains can extend into the night, morning pollinators may be important. This study provides additional evidence that diurnal pollinators can contribute to the reproduction of predominantly nocturnal pollinated plants.","PeriodicalId":50984,"journal":{"name":"Castanea","volume":"86 1","pages":"100 - 111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43048367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Wildflowers of the Atlantic Southeast 大西洋东南部的野花

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.143

R. Gardner

引用次数: 0

Myxomycetes Recorded from the Vicinity of the Mountain Lake Biological Station 山湖生物站附近记录的黏菌

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.28

S. Stephenson

引用次数: 2

Noteworthy Collections: New County Records for Solanum pseudocapsicum (Solanaceae) in Alabama 值得注意的收藏:阿拉巴马州假辣椒茄(茄科)的新县记录

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.112

Cory O. Harper, Alvin R. Diamond

引用次数: 0

Scientific Note: Dictyostelid Cellular Slime Molds Associated with Limestone and Dolomite Glades in Northwest Arkansas 科学注释:与阿肯色州西北部石灰岩和白云石林中空地有关的盘状骨细胞黏菌

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.22

Eathan Gentry, B. Booth, J. C. Landolt, S. Stephenson

引用次数: 1

Responses of Florida Scrub Vegetation to Water Additions from a Groundwater Treatment Project and to Hurricane Disturbance 佛罗里达灌木丛植被对地下水处理项目增加的水量和飓风扰动的响应

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.37

P. Schmalzer, T. Foster

{"title":"Responses of Florida Scrub Vegetation to Water Additions from a Groundwater Treatment Project and to Hurricane Disturbance","authors":"P. Schmalzer, T. Foster","doi":"10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.37","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Florida scrub is a fire-maintained shrub vegetation of well-drained, sandy soils; dominant species include several species of Quercus and Serenoa repens. In a remediation project, treated groundwater was distributed through an exfiltration gallery into intact scrub. We established eight permanent line-intercept transects (15 m length) in the site in April 2002, four close to the exfiltration gallery and four more distant from it. We sampled vegetation, <0.5 m and ≥0.5 m, along each transect and measured vegetation height at four points (0, 5, 10, 15 m) annually through 2019. The initial phase of the project operated from October 2002 to early March 2004 (494 days) and distributed 1.74 × 108 L of water. The final phase of the project occurred from March 2005 through August 2008 (1,251 days) and distributed 1.90 × 108 L of water. Pumping raised the water table near the exfiltration gallery. Vegetation height did not differ between the near and far transects initially. Vegetation height increased in the near transects by 2004 with the greatest percent change in 2003 and 2004 as did total cover ≥0.5 m. Total cover <0.5 m and bare ground were similar initially in the near and far transects and declined in the near transects by 2004. Scrub species, particularly the dominant scrub oaks, increased height and cover in response to water additions with no loss of dominant scrub species and no establishment of mesophytes. Hurricane Frances (September 2004) reduced cover ≥0.5 m the following year. Hurricane Matthew (October 2016) and Hurricane Irma (September 2017) caused greater damage including breaking limbs as reflected in reduced height and total cover ≥0.5 m probably because the older, taller scrub was more vulnerable to wind damage.","PeriodicalId":50984,"journal":{"name":"Castanea","volume":"86 1","pages":"37 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45012312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Long-term Demography Study of Trillium pusillum var. pusillum Following Hurricane Hugo in 1989 1989年“雨果”飓风后蒲illum变种延龄草的长期人口学研究

IF 0.4 4区生物学

Castanea Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.53

Danny J. Gustafson, Richard Porcher, Joel M. Gramling, Samuel Eckert, Brian F. Owens

{"title":"Long-term Demography Study of Trillium pusillum var. pusillum Following Hurricane Hugo in 1989","authors":"Danny J. Gustafson, Richard Porcher, Joel M. Gramling, Samuel Eckert, Brian F. Owens","doi":"10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2179/0008-7475.86.1.53","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Hurricane Hugo was a category five storm in September of 1989 that significantly impacted natural areas along the Carolina coastal plain through wind damage and storm surge flooding. Francis Beidler Forest, an Audubon wildlife sanctuary in Four Holes Swamp, suffered severe damage to its forest canopy. In response to concerns that the rare spring ephemeral Trillium pusillum var. pusillum may be negatively impacted by the loss of the mixed hardwood canopy, we established permanent plots in the spring of 1990 with single leaf, triple leaf, and flowering individuals recorded by Ecology faculty and students at The Citadel. Disruption to the forest canopy would significantly alter forest floor microhabitat conditions negatively affecting T. pusillum var. pusillum population demography. There was no expected negative effect of Hurricane Hugo, and the loss of canopy cover on the population. Evidence suggests that the decrease in canopy cover and increased light was associated with increased flowering. The coefficient of variation, as a measure of cohort variability among years, increased from flowering, to triple leaf, to single leaf across the 29 years of population monitoring. There was a significant positive association between the number of named storms in the previous two and three years and the number of single leaf plants. There was no evidence that the population is decreasing, even though the number of flowering individuals has decreased. The results of this long-term demography suggest that even severe natural disturbances, like hurricanes and tropical storms, may have a positive effect on Trillium population dynamics.","PeriodicalId":50984,"journal":{"name":"Castanea","volume":"86 1","pages":"53 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43454585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1