Advances in Virus Research最新文献

Divergences in the microbial inactivation pattern between vaporized hydrogen peroxide and aerosolised peracetic acid by dry fogging. 干雾法汽化过氧化氢和雾化过氧乙酸在微生物灭活模式上的差异。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.005

Jessica Kohs, Alina Below, Holger Freese, Jan Schinköthe, Mathias Streitz, Sven Reiche

{"title":"Divergences in the microbial inactivation pattern between vaporized hydrogen peroxide and aerosolised peracetic acid by dry fogging.","authors":"Jessica Kohs, Alina Below, Holger Freese, Jan Schinköthe, Mathias Streitz, Sven Reiche","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, effective inactivation protocols were successfully developed and validated for the two airborne room disinfection methods vaporized hydrogen peroxide (VHP, H2O2) and dry fogging of aerosolized peroxyacetic acid (aPAA). Both methods were tested within the same HEPA filter housing (HEPA FH), allowing a direct comparison in an identical experimental setup. This approach provided a detailed comparison of their respective advantages and disadvantages. The main focus was on the determination of the microbicidal efficacy. This is the first time, that the efficacy of both methods has been clearly demonstrated for the most relevant classes of microorganisms using a broad spectrum of different test organisms. During the development phase of the respective optimal inactivation protocols the efficacy of the aPAA process was shown to correspond to the generally accepted microbicidal efficacy profile, whereas the efficacy pattern of the VHP process differed significantly from this. The VHP method demonstrated an exceptionally high sporicidal efficacy, significantly exceeding the measurable antiviral efficacy against both non-enveloped and even enveloped viruses. Moreover, even by reducing the used hydrogen peroxide (HP) amount drastically, no protocol could be applied in which the mycobacterial and the bacterial spore carriers were not be sufficiently inactivated. Based on these clear results, the current practice of using almost exclusively bacterial spore carriers for the establishment and validation of VHP-based inactivation protocols in particular have to be adjusted. Safe and effective inactivation protocols can only be developed by using suitable test organisms adapted to the respective individual requirements.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"121 ","pages":"31-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144087003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Semi-automated diagnostic RT-PCR as a screening assay for antiviral compounds in a 96-well format against highly pathogenic RNA viruses. 半自动化诊断RT-PCR作为96孔格式抗病毒化合物对高致病性RNA病毒的筛选试验

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.008

Gesche K Gerresheim, Franziska Kraft, Anke-Dorothee Werner, Nadine Biedenkopf

{"title":"Semi-automated diagnostic RT-PCR as a screening assay for antiviral compounds in a 96-well format against highly pathogenic RNA viruses.","authors":"Gesche K Gerresheim, Franziska Kraft, Anke-Dorothee Werner, Nadine Biedenkopf","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"In response to outbreaks of (re)emerging highly pathogenic RNA viruses, simple and scalable antiviral screening methods are urgently needed. Using established and validated diagnostic methods like RT-PCR for antiviral screening offers a rapid readout of viral replication. This becomes particular important when other traditional viral replication readouts, such as TCID50 or plaque assays cannot be used due to the absence of cytopathic effects, lack of reporter gene-containing recombinant viruses or unavailability of appropriate antibodies - the latter two common challenges when so far unknown viruses emerge. This study evaluated semi-automated diagnostic RT-PCR in a 96-well approach for antiviral compound screening using Marburg virus serving as a case study. Remdesivir, a prodrug that exhibits antiviral activities against multiple RNA viruses, was used as positive control inhibiting replication of filoviruses. Applicability of the protocol to other members of the filovirus family was feasible using the same settings, while for other viruses like Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) or Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) adaptations to optimal infection settings were necessary. Our results demonstrate a high reproducibility and highlight the rapid adaptability of semi-automated RT-PCR assays as an accelerated antiviral screening assay with high scalability against a wide range of newly or (re)emerging RNA viruses. This is critical especially during outbreak situations where timely antiviral assessments are urgently needed.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"121 ","pages":"101-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144087007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular virulence determinants of human-pathogenic filoviruses. 人致病性丝状病毒的分子毒力决定因素。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.003

Jil A Haase, Andrea Marzi

{"title":"Molecular virulence determinants of human-pathogenic filoviruses.","authors":"Jil A Haase, Andrea Marzi","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"The Filoviridae family encompasses Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV), some of the most lethal viruses known to cause sporadic, recurring outbreaks of severe hemorrhagic fever mainly throughout central Africa. However, other lesser-known viruses also belong to the filovirus family as they are closely related, such as Bundibugyo, Reston and Taï Forest virus. These viruses differ in their virulence in humans significantly: while EBOV and MARV show lethality in humans of up to 90 %, Reston virus appears to be avirulent in humans. Here, underlying molecular factors leading to differences in virulence via changes in filovirus entry, replication and immune evasion strategies are summarized and assessed. While the filovirus glycoprotein contributes towards virulence by facilitating entry into a wide variety of tissues, differences in virus-host interactions and replication efficacies lead to measurable variances of progeny virus production. Additionally, immune evasion strategies lead to alterations in replication efficacy thus changing who has the upper hand between the virus and the host. Understanding and unraveling the contributions of these molecular determinants on filovirus virulence provide insights into the processes causing the underlying pathogenesis. It will further help to assess the pathogenicity of newly discovered filoviruses. Finally, these molecular determinants and processes present attractive targets for therapeutic intervention and development of novel antiviral countermeasures.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"121 ","pages":"1-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144087005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

De novo rescue of new henipaviruses under BSL-4 conditions - From sequence to pathogen. BSL-4条件下新亨尼帕病毒的新生拯救——从序列到病原体。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.004

Griffin Haas, Benhur Lee

{"title":"De novo rescue of new henipaviruses under BSL-4 conditions - From sequence to pathogen.","authors":"Griffin Haas, Benhur Lee","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"Zoonotic paramyxoviruses, including the highly pathogenic henipaviruses (HNVs), pose significant risks to global health due to their high mortality rates, potential for human-to-human transmission, and lack of approved countermeasures. Recent metagenomic surveys have uncovered an extensive diversity of HNVs and related paramyxoviruses circulating in wildlife, the majority of which remain uncharacterized due to the dearth of viral isolates. In lieu of viral isolates, reverse genetics systems offer an approach to derive infectious clones de novo in the laboratory, facilitating research into the biology, zoonotic potential, and pathogenicity of novel HNVs. This chapter explores the methodologies and applications of reverse genetics systems for novel HNVs, including considerations for virus sequence validation, full-length virus recovery, and the development of platforms such as minigenomes, replicons, and virus replicon particles. Such biologically-contained life cycle modeling systems enable research to be conducted at lower biocontainment, and provide accessible tools through which to investigate HNV biology. This work demonstrates the versatility of reverse genetics systems in advancing our understanding of high-consequence pathogens, enabling the proactive development of vaccines, antivirals, and diagnostic tools. By integrating these methodologies within a framework of biosafety and biosecurity, researchers can better prepare for and respond to future zoonotic threats.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"121 ","pages":"61-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144087002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Defense signaling pathways in resistance to plant viruses: Crosstalk and finger pointing. 抵抗植物病毒的防御信号通路：相互交织和相互指责

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.01.002

Peter Palukaitis, Ju-Yeon Yoon

{"title":"Defense signaling pathways in resistance to plant viruses: Crosstalk and finger pointing.","authors":"Peter Palukaitis, Ju-Yeon Yoon","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"Resistance to infection by plant viruses involves proteins encoded by plant resistance (R) genes, viz., nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeats (NLRs), immune receptors. These sensor NLRs are activated either directly or indirectly by viral protein effectors, in effector-triggered immunity, leading to induction of defense signaling pathways, resulting in the synthesis of numerous downstream plant effector molecules that inhibit different stages of the infection cycle, as well as the induction of cell death responses mediated by helper NLRs. Early events in this process involve recognition of the activation of the R gene response by various chaperones and the transport of these complexes to the sites of subsequent events. These events include activation of several kinase cascade pathways, and the syntheses of two master transcriptional regulators, EDS1 and NPR1, as well as the phytohormones salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene. The phytohormones, which transit from a primed, resting states to active states, regulate the remainder of the defense signaling pathways, both directly and by crosstalk with each other. This regulation results in the turnover of various suppressors of downstream events and the synthesis of various transcription factors that cooperate and/or compete to induce or suppress transcription of either other regulatory proteins, or plant effector molecules. This network of interactions results in the production of defense effectors acting alone or together with cell death in the infected region, with or without the further activation of non-specific, long-distance resistance. Here, we review the current state of knowledge regarding these processes and the components of the local responses, their interactions, regulation, and crosstalk.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"118 ","pages":"77-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140068951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uncloaking the viral glycocalyx: How do viruses exploit glycoimmune checkpoints? 揭开病毒糖萼的神秘面纱：病毒如何利用糖免疫检查点？

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.03.001

Anthony J Domma, Lauren A Henderson, Jeffery A Nurdin, Jeremy P Kamil

{"title":"Uncloaking the viral glycocalyx: How do viruses exploit glycoimmune checkpoints?","authors":"Anthony J Domma, Lauren A Henderson, Jeffery A Nurdin, Jeremy P Kamil","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"The surfaces of cells and enveloped viruses alike are coated in carbohydrates that play multifarious roles in infection and immunity. Organisms across all kingdoms of life make use of a diverse set of monosaccharide subunits, glycosidic linkages, and branching patterns to encode information within glycans. Accordingly, sugar-patterning enzymes and glycan binding proteins play integral roles in cell and organismal biology, ranging from glycoprotein quality control within the endoplasmic reticulum to lymphocyte migration, coagulation, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis. Unsurprisingly, genes involved in generating and recognizing oligosaccharide patterns are playgrounds for evolutionary conflicts that abound in cross-species interactions, exemplified by the myriad plant lectins that function as toxins. In vertebrates, glycans bearing acidic nine-carbon sugars called sialic acids are key regulators of immune responses. Various bacterial and fungal pathogens adorn their cells in sialic acids that either mimic their hosts' or are stolen from them. Yet, how viruses commandeer host sugar-patterning enzymes to thwart immune responses remains poorly studied. Here, we review examples of viruses that interact with sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs), a family of immune cell receptors that regulate toll-like receptor signaling and govern glycoimmune checkpoints, while highlighting knowledge gaps that merit investigation. Efforts to illuminate how viruses leverage glycan-dependent checkpoints may translate into new clinical treatments that uncloak viral antigens and infected cell surfaces by removing or masking immunosuppressive sialoglycans, or by inhibiting viral gene products that induce their biosynthesis. Such approaches may hold the potential to unleash the immune system to clear long intractable chronic viral infections.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"119 ","pages":"63-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11192240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

More than a decade of research on Schmallenberg virus-Knowns and unknowns. 十多年来对施马伦贝格病毒的研究--已知与未知。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.09.003

Kerstin Wernike, Martin Beer

{"title":"More than a decade of research on Schmallenberg virus-Knowns and unknowns.","authors":"Kerstin Wernike, Martin Beer","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"Schmallenberg virus, an arbovirus of the Orthobunyavirus genus that primarily infects ruminants, emerged in 2011 near the Dutch-German border region and subsequently caused a large number of abortions and the births of severely malformed newborns in the European livestock population. Immediate intensive research led to the development of reliable diagnostic tests, the identification of competent Culicoides vector species, and the elucidation of the pathogenesis in infected vertebrate hosts. In addition, the structure of the major antigenic domain has been elucidated in great detail, leading to the development of effective marker vaccine candidates. The knowledge gained over the last decade on the biology and pathogenesis of SBV and the experience acquired in its control will be of great value in the future for the control of any similar emerging pathogen of veterinary or public health importance such as Shuni or Oropouche virus. However, some important knowledge gaps remain, for example, the factors contributing to the highly variable transmission rate from dam to fetus or the viral factors responsible for the vector competence of Culicoides midges are largely unknown. Thus, questions still remain for the next decade of research on SBV and related viruses.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"120 ","pages":"77-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The New Zealand perspective of an ecosystem biology response to grapevine leafroll disease. 新西兰从生态系统生物学角度应对葡萄落叶病。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.02.001

Kar Mun Chooi, Vaughn A Bell, Arnaud G Blouin, Manoharie Sandanayaka, Rebecca Gough, Asha Chhagan, Robin M MacDiarmid

{"title":"The New Zealand perspective of an ecosystem biology response to grapevine leafroll disease.","authors":"Kar Mun Chooi, Vaughn A Bell, Arnaud G Blouin, Manoharie Sandanayaka, Rebecca Gough, Asha Chhagan, Robin M MacDiarmid","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) is a major pathogen of grapevines worldwide resulting in grapevine leafroll disease (GLD), reduced fruit yield, berry quality and vineyard profitability. Being graft transmissible, GLRaV-3 is also transmitted between grapevines by multiple hemipteran insects (mealybugs and soft scale insects). Over the past 20 years, New Zealand has developed and utilized integrated pest management (IPM) solutions that have slowly transitioned to an ecosystem-based biological response to GLD. These IPM solutions and combinations are based on a wealth of research within the temperate climates of New Zealand's nation-wide grape production. To provide context, the grapevine viruses present in the national vineyard estate and how these have been identified are described; the most pathogenic and destructive of these is GLRaV-3. We provide an overview of research on GLRaV-3 genotypes and biology within grapevines and describe the progressive development of GLRaV-3/GLD diagnostics based on molecular, serological, visual, and sensor-based technologies. Research on the ecology and control of the mealybugs Pseudococcus calceolariae and P. longispinus, the main insect vectors of GLRaV-3 in New Zealand, is described together with the implications of mealybug biological control agents and prospects to enhance their abundance and/or fitness in the vineyard. Virus transmission by mealybugs is described, with emphasis on understanding the interactions between GLRaV-3, vectors, and plants (grapevines, alternative hosts, or non-hosts of the virus). Disease management through grapevine removal and the economic influence of different removal strategies is detailed. Overall, the review summarizes research by an interdisciplinary team working in close association with the national industry body, New Zealand Winegrowers. Teamwork and communication across the whole industry has enabled implementation of research for the management of GLD.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"118 ","pages":"213-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140068952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human norovirus cultivation models, immune response and vaccine landscape. 人类诺如病毒培养模型、免疫反应和疫苗前景。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.09.001

Thomas D Burton, Julio Carrera Montoya, Thalia Frota, Jason M Mackenzie

引用次数: 0

CMV-encoded GPCRs in infection, disease, and pathogenesis. CMV 编码的 GPCR 在感染、疾病和发病机制中的作用。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2024.01.001

William E Miller, Christine M O'Connor

引用次数: 0