Advances in Virus Research最新文献

Understanding plant virus vertical-transmission biology: A big, hairy, audacious goal. 了解植物病毒垂直传播生物学：一个大的、复杂的、大胆的目标。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2026.08.001

Robin M MacDiarmid, Sonia Lilly, Alex M Murphy, Qiaochun Wang, Jeremy R Thompson, Samantha Hansen, Bénédicte S M Lebas, Kar Mun Chooi, Jean Carlos Bettoni

{"title":"Understanding plant virus vertical-transmission biology: A big, hairy, audacious goal.","authors":"Robin M MacDiarmid, Sonia Lilly, Alex M Murphy, Qiaochun Wang, Jeremy R Thompson, Samantha Hansen, Bénédicte S M Lebas, Kar Mun Chooi, Jean Carlos Bettoni","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2026.08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2026.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the biology of vertical transmission (from parent to progeny) of plant viruses is a big, hairy, audacious goal. Virus-infected seeds can insidiously enter a new territory and remain undetected for months, if not years; a single untraced primary source can then lead to epidemics, resulting in regional devastation and global economic loss. Vertical transmission of plant viruses is very difficult to study as it occurs in hard-to-access parts of the plant, over time, and usually manifests at low rates. Observations are generally destructive, often resulting in some orphaned scientific claims as it is difficult to repeat experiments; furthermore, meaningful time-course experiments are littered with challenges for creating quantitative data. Different viruses and plant systems have nuances that make generalizations difficult. A range of terms have been used to describe different aspects of vertical transmission of plant viruses, resulting in some confusion regarding the mechanisms involved and therefore how to manage the potential for transmission. Understanding the biology of vertical transmission of plant viruses would enable a paradigm change in their management, resulting in advanced regional and global biosecurity, food security, and economic resilience. In this review we outline the impacts of vertical, and horizontal, transmission of plant viruses, summarize transmission mechanisms, tabulate vertically transmitted plant viruses, explore biological and technological research complexities, discuss confusing historic terminology and provide a logic for potential future transmission nomenclature. Finally, using the biological knowledge at hand, simple measures and advanced virus detection methods, we provide some suggestions on how the management of plant virus vertical transmission may be improved to gain greater biosecurity.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"125 ","pages":"69-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149031902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcriptional regulation of human endogenous retroviruses in cancer. 人内源性逆转录病毒在癌症中的转录调控。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-08 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2026.03.002

Sophie Kogut, Mónica Padilla-Gálvez, Daniel Blanco-Melo

{"title":"Transcriptional regulation of human endogenous retroviruses in cancer.","authors":"Sophie Kogut, Mónica Padilla-Gálvez, Daniel Blanco-Melo","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2026.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2026.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) provide a direct record of the millions of years of co-evolution between humans and viruses. Yet, due to their repetitive nature and former reputation as \"junk DNA,\" a full characterization of the functional roles and transcriptional regulation of HERVs remains to be achieved. As sequencing technologies improve, better resolution data regarding HERV expression and regulation has become attainable, and there is mounting evidence of aberrant HERV expression in various human diseases, particularly cancer. However, the perturbations to the transcriptional regulatory processes that govern these endogenized retroviral elements in cancer remain unclear. In this review, we will summarize the state of our understanding of the various mechanisms that control HERV expression in cancer, focusing primarily on aberrant methylation and KRAB-domain containing zinc finger proteins (KZFPs), among others. Many of these regulatory mechanisms are employed in stem cells to regulate pluripotency and differentiation and are also deployed in a subpopulation of cancer cells with high self-renewal and proliferation capacity, called cancer stem cells. While the expression of specific HERVs in cancer could be beneficial, deleterious, or neutral, the potential to use HERVs as biomarkers or immune adjuvants to enhance immunotherapies against cancer is promising. The implications of shared transcriptional mechanisms across cancer and stem cells will expose new areas to intervene with cancer treatments, ushering in a new era of HERV-based cancer therapeutics and diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"124 ","pages":"61-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148007436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Commandeering the controller: The ubiquitin-proteasome tug-of-war between coronavirus and host. 控制：冠状病毒和宿主之间的泛素蛋白酶体拔河。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2026.07.001

Yingjie Xiang, Qinyuan Zhu, Chunxiao Mou, Kaichuang Shi, Zhenhai Chen

{"title":"Commandeering the controller: The ubiquitin-proteasome tug-of-war between coronavirus and host.","authors":"Yingjie Xiang, Qinyuan Zhu, Chunxiao Mou, Kaichuang Shi, Zhenhai Chen","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2026.07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2026.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a pivotal role in the precise regulation of innate immunity. Within the spatiotemporal framework of coronavirus (CoV) infection, the UPS emerges as a critical arena and a molecular switch, dynamically mediating the balance between host antiviral defense and viral replication alongside immune evasion. The host leverages the UPS to activate interferon (IFN) signaling pathways and to directly target viral proteins for degradation. Conversely, CoVs have developed sophisticated mechanisms to exploit this system, either by degrading antiviral proteins or by encoding viral deubiquitinases (DUBs) to counteract host ubiquitination signals. Notably, CoV proteins themselves undergo ubiquitination, which can lead to either their functional activation or proteasomal degradation, underscoring the dual-edged nature of the UPS. In this review, we initially examined the mechanisms by which the UPS regulates the IFN system. Subsequently, we highlighted the strategies employed by CoVs to inhibit the IFN system through the manipulation of the UPS. Thirdly, we synthesized findings regarding how the UPS specifically targets and degrades the principal virulence proteins of CoVs. Finally, we investigated the potential of the UPS as a therapeutic target for developing resistance against CoV infections.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"125 ","pages":"29-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149031939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Respiratory syncytial virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae: Partners in crime. 呼吸道合胞病毒和肺炎链球菌：犯罪伙伴。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2026.06.001

Piotr Rzymski

{"title":"Respiratory syncytial virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae: Partners in crime.","authors":"Piotr Rzymski","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2026.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2026.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and Streptococcus pneumoniae are major causes of acute respiratory infections worldwide, particularly in infants, young children, and older adults. Increasing attention has focused on interactions between them and their role in shaping clinical outcomes. This chapter examines the relationship between RSV and Streptococcus pneumoniae, reviewing epidemiological observations, proposed molecular and immunological mechanisms, and the clinical implications of co-infection. Epidemiological studies report temporal associations between RSV circulation and increased pneumococcal disease, including pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease. Experimental studies suggest several mechanisms underlying this interaction, including direct viral-bacterial binding, RSV-induced changes in respiratory epithelial cells that enhance pneumococcal adherence, and modulation of host immune responses that impair antibacterial defenses. These processes may increase pneumococcal virulence, promote bacterial colonization, and amplify inflammatory responses, potentially contributing to more severe clinical outcomes during co-infection. However, evidence also indicates that RSV-pneumococcal interactions can be complex and context-dependent, with some models demonstrating antagonistic effects such as accelerated viral clearance during pneumococcal colonization. Strain-specific pneumococcal factors and the timing of infection may further influence these dynamics. Further understanding the interplay between RSV and S. pneumoniae is important for interpreting patterns of respiratory disease. Nevertheless, current evidence supports prevention strategies, as interventions targeting one pathogen may have indirect effects on the other, ultimately reducing disease burden and the impact of antibiotic-resistant S. pneumoniae.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"125 ","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149031860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Viral threats to pregnancy: Global health risks in the era of pandemics. 病毒对妊娠的威胁：大流行病时代的全球健康风险。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-07 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2026.03.001

Guilherme M Nobrega, Amit Garg, Jean K Lim

{"title":"Viral threats to pregnancy: Global health risks in the era of pandemics.","authors":"Guilherme M Nobrega, Amit Garg, Jean K Lim","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2026.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2026.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"Pregnancy represents a uniquely vulnerable period during which viral infections can exert profound effects on maternal health, placental function, and fetal development. Over the past 30 years, emerging and re-emerging viruses, including flaviviruses, coronaviruses, poxviruses, orthomyxoviruses, paramyxoviruses, and filoviruses, have repeatedly demonstrated their capacity to disrupt pregnancy through diverse mechanisms that extend far beyond classical teratogenic outcomes. Nearly every major viral outbreak has revealed a critical gap in our understanding of maternal susceptibility during pregnancy. In this review, we will examine how emerging and re-emerging viruses threaten pregnancy across multiple biological scales, ranging from congenital infection, placental dysfunction, maternal immune dysregulation, and infertility, focusing on modern day viruses from a range of families. Understanding the mechanisms by which reproductive health can be impacted by these viruses and integrating this knowledge in developing care, prevention, and intervention strategies tailored to pregnancy and reproduction should be a foundational part of global health and preparedness.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148007484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Divergences in the microbial inactivation pattern between vaporized hydrogen peroxide and aerosolised peracetic acid by dry fogging. 干雾法汽化过氧化氢和雾化过氧乙酸在微生物灭活模式上的差异。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.005

Jessica Kohs, Alina Below, Holger Freese, Jan Schinköthe, Mathias Streitz, Sven Reiche

{"title":"Divergences in the microbial inactivation pattern between vaporized hydrogen peroxide and aerosolised peracetic acid by dry fogging.","authors":"Jessica Kohs, Alina Below, Holger Freese, Jan Schinköthe, Mathias Streitz, Sven Reiche","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, effective inactivation protocols were successfully developed and validated for the two airborne room disinfection methods vaporized hydrogen peroxide (VHP, H2O2) and dry fogging of aerosolized peroxyacetic acid (aPAA). Both methods were tested within the same HEPA filter housing (HEPA FH), allowing a direct comparison in an identical experimental setup. This approach provided a detailed comparison of their respective advantages and disadvantages. The main focus was on the determination of the microbicidal efficacy. This is the first time, that the efficacy of both methods has been clearly demonstrated for the most relevant classes of microorganisms using a broad spectrum of different test organisms. During the development phase of the respective optimal inactivation protocols the efficacy of the aPAA process was shown to correspond to the generally accepted microbicidal efficacy profile, whereas the efficacy pattern of the VHP process differed significantly from this. The VHP method demonstrated an exceptionally high sporicidal efficacy, significantly exceeding the measurable antiviral efficacy against both non-enveloped and even enveloped viruses. Moreover, even by reducing the used hydrogen peroxide (HP) amount drastically, no protocol could be applied in which the mycobacterial and the bacterial spore carriers were not be sufficiently inactivated. Based on these clear results, the current practice of using almost exclusively bacterial spore carriers for the establishment and validation of VHP-based inactivation protocols in particular have to be adjusted. Safe and effective inactivation protocols can only be developed by using suitable test organisms adapted to the respective individual requirements.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"121 ","pages":"31-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144087003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The significance of studying high-consequence pathogens in their natural reservoirs. 在自然宿主中研究高后果病原体的意义。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.001

Levi Klassen, Jérémie Prévost, David Safronetz

{"title":"The significance of studying high-consequence pathogens in their natural reservoirs.","authors":"Levi Klassen, Jérémie Prévost, David Safronetz","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"Concern over spillover events caused by high-consequence pathogens has grown in recent years due to the increased occurrence of such events, and because the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated how severe the consequences of spillover events can be. As such, there is escalading interest in uncovering the factors that make spillover events more likely, specifically for high-consequence pathogens. An important aspect of this work involves researching how high-consequence pathogens interact with their reservoir hosts. Thus, this chapter discusses the importance of studying high-consequence pathogens in their reservoir hosts, specifically in experimental laboratory settings, with a special emphasis on Sin Nombre virus and Lassa virus, and their respective rodent reservoir hosts, Peromyscus maniculatus and Mastomys natalensis. Value gained from this research, as well as the current limitations faced when conducting this work are also discussed. Overall, this work helps to shed light on various aspects of these pathogens such as their transmission patterns, pathogenesis (and lack thereof), and mechanisms of persistence in their reservoir hosts. Limitations include a need for highly developed laboratory infrastructure, demanding funding requirements, and a lack of compatible reagents for the exotic species that are often the subject of these studies. Continued interest and research is needed to expand this work to include host reservoirs of other high consequence pathogens so that the risks of future spillover events can be mitigated as best as possible.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"122 ","pages":"99-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vertical transmission of tomato viruses. 番茄病毒的垂直传播。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.08.003

Natasa Mehle, Adrian Fox, Antonio Tiberini, Heiko Ziebell

{"title":"Vertical transmission of tomato viruses.","authors":"Natasa Mehle, Adrian Fox, Antonio Tiberini, Heiko Ziebell","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"The vertical transmission of tomato viruses through seeds and pollen is a significant yet often overlooked pathway for the persistence and global spread of these pathogens. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge on the mechanisms, epidemiological implications, and management strategies of vertically transmitted tomato viruses. While recent advances in diagnostic techniques such as high-throughput sequencing (HTS), have improved virus detection, key research gaps remain in understanding the molecular and ecological dynamics of seed and pollen transmission. The interaction between vertical and horizontal transmission modes complicates virus epidemiology, necessitating an integrated management approach that includes rigorous seed health testing, genetic resistance breeding, and biosecurity measures. Emerging threats, such as resistance-breaking virus strains and the impact of climate change on vector distribution, underscore the need for enhanced surveillance and stronger international regulatory cooperation. This review highlights the need for interdisciplinary research and collaboration to develop sustainable virus mitigation strategies. Future research priorities include optimizing detection methods, exploring next-generation breeding technologies, and strengthening international biosecurity frameworks to safeguard global tomato production against the growing threat of vertically transmitted viruses.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"123 ","pages":"105-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transforming crop protection: The role of RNAi in mitigating barley yellow dwarf virus and aphid infestation in cereal crops. 改造作物保护：RNAi在减轻大麦黄矮病毒和谷类作物蚜虫侵害中的作用。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.08.001

Nora Derbal, Narelle Manzie, Karl E Robinson

{"title":"Transforming crop protection: The role of RNAi in mitigating barley yellow dwarf virus and aphid infestation in cereal crops.","authors":"Nora Derbal, Narelle Manzie, Karl E Robinson","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"RNA interference (RNAi) is emerging as a powerful technology to potentially protect wheat and barley crops from plant viruses such as Luteovirus pashordei, historicaly known as barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), and insect/vector pest infestation. The induction of the RNAi mechanism by the spray on delivery of double-stranded (ds) RNAs that display homology to vital genes encoding virus movement protein, coat protein and other genes related to the virus-plant or virus-vector interaction can lead to limiting virus infection and replication as well as its transmission by aphid vectors. Introducing small interfering RNA (siRNA) into plant cells, targeting these genes, is initiated using various delivery methods, where the most promising is termed spray induced gene silencing (SIGS). This review overviews the significance of barley yellow dwarf viruses (BYDVs) and their aphid vectors. We examine RNAi technology with a focus on the potential for SIGS as a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution for combating barley yellows disease (BYD) in grain crops. The discussion also covers the applications approaches, advantages and disadvantages of this technology, its in-field implementation, the challenges SIGS RNAi application faces and potential for future directions.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"123 ","pages":"169-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Swine model of Bundibugyo and Reston virus infection reveals a robust immune response following the infection: A multi-tissue immune profiling study. 本迪布焦和莱斯顿病毒感染的猪模型揭示了感染后的强大免疫反应：一项多组织免疫分析研究。

2区医学

Advances in Virus Research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.002

Ji-Young V Kim, Charles E Lewis, Mathieu Pinette, Harry D Dawson, Oliver Lung, Jodi McGill, Bradley S Pickering

{"title":"Swine model of Bundibugyo and Reston virus infection reveals a robust immune response following the infection: A multi-tissue immune profiling study.","authors":"Ji-Young V Kim, Charles E Lewis, Mathieu Pinette, Harry D Dawson, Oliver Lung, Jodi McGill, Bradley S Pickering","doi":"10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aivir.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic pigs are a vital component of the global food supply, with a population nearing 780 million worldwide, making them one of the most commonly raised livestock. As pig production intensifies, the associated practices and environmental conditions may elevate the risk of emergence and spread of zoonotic agents, including ebolaviruses. Previously, we demonstrated that experimentall infection with Orthoebolavirus bundibugyoense and Orthoebolavirus restonense in pigs caused sub-clinical signs, with only a few animals exhibiting elevated temperatures and limited signs of acute respiratory distress. In this study, we sought to describe immune-related gene exression changes following those viral infections in pigs. Our findings revealed no significant changes in infection- and inflammation-related cytokines, but a strong adaptive immune response was observed in the lungs and tracheobronchial lymph nodes. Comparative analysis with a study in which non-human primates were experimentally infected with Orthoebolavirus bundibugyoense, where the virus is lethal, revealed molecular similarities in gene expression. This may suggest that certain viral processes may be conserved across species. These results highlight the potential role of pigs in ebolavirus spillover dynamics and underscore the importance of understanding the role of livestock in the emergence of these pathogens to guide prevention and mitigation strategies.","PeriodicalId":50977,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virus Research","volume":"122 ","pages":"79-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0