Plant Science Today最新文献

{"title":"Phytosociological study of a Grassland community of Baripada, Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, India: Conservation strategies for floristic diversity","authors":"Nayak Ananta Kumar, K. L. Barik","doi":"10.14719/pst.3691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3691","url":null,"abstract":"A phytosociological study of the grassland community at Maharaja Purna Chandra Autonomous College (21 º 93’ N; 86 º 76' E) was conducted from July 2022 to July 2023. The study aimed to understand the floristic diversity and propose conservation strategies. A rigorous data collection methodology was implemented using 1 m × 1 m quadrat sampling, and the findings were analyzed and presented using a novel approach. Parameters such as occurrence (+) and non-occurrence (-) of species, frequency, density, abundance, basal area, basal cover, and Important Value Index (IVI) were recorded for 36 species (18 grasses and 18 non-grasses) throughout the research period. The study revealed that certain species, including Chrysopogon acciculatus and Evolvulus nummularius, exhibited high frequency, density, abundance and IVI throughout the research period. Conversely, Eragrostis unioloides and Sida cordifolia showed the lowest IVI during the study. Basal area and basal cover data indicated an inverse relationship between grasses and non-grasses. The total Relative Frequency (RF), Relative Density (RD), and Relative Dominance (RDo.) of the community were consistently around 100 for each month, and the total IVI values were approximately 300 each month. These results underscore the need for effective conservation strategies to preserve the unique floristic diversity of this grassland community. The remarkable phytosociological attributes of this experimental grassland community may be attributed to the topography, soil composition, and climatic conditions of the locality.","PeriodicalId":509766,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"26 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141650375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological, biochemical and hormonal response of wheat cultivars to foliar application of growth stimulants and zinc nano-chelate under water deficit stress","authors":"Rita Habibi, S. Sharafi, S. Mohammadi, Touraj Mir Mahmoudi, S. Yazdanseta","doi":"10.14719/pst.2946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2946","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the effect of different foliar application treatments to improve drought tolerance in wheat genotypes, a factorial split-plot experiment was conducted based on the randomized complete block design with 3 replications in 2 locations. The main factor was irrigation (normal and water deficit) and the secondary factors were 4 levels of foliar application (control: without foliar application, jasmonic acid, zinc nano-chelate and succinate) and 3 genotypes of barley. Water deficit stress reduced the content of chlorophyll a (9.03%), chlorophyll b (6.66%), total chlorophyll (7.32%) and auxin (4.21%) and increased the catalase (18.18%), superoxide dismutase activity (23.35%), malondialdehyde (7.17%), glucose (5.35%), fructose (4.85%) and sucrose (14.99%) versus normal irrigation conditions. Foliar application of zinc nano-chelate increased chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and fructose content by 15.45%, 15.76%, 14.70% and 41.35% respectively. The highest content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll was assigned to the Mihan cultivar. Foliar application with zinc nano-chelate in both environments resulted in the highest biological yield and grain yield and the lowest content of abscisic acid. Foliar application line 9 genotypes with zinc nano-chelate had the highest auxin, cytokinin, catalase and superoxide dismutase activity. While foliar application of nano-zinc chelate in the Mihan cultivar led to the highest biological yield, grain yield, glucose content and the lowest amount of malondialdehyde. Therefore, foliar application of zinc nano-chelate along with the appropriate variety can improve grain yield under different environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":509766,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"58 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141649523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetation structure of associated flora in Amorphophallus gigas Teijsm. & Binn. (Araceae) habitats, North Padang Lawas Regency, North Sumatra","authors":"Ridahati Rambey, Abdul Rauf, Esther Sorta, Mauli Nababan, Delvian, T. A. Aththorick, Mohd Hasmadi","doi":"10.14719/pst.3152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3152","url":null,"abstract":"Amorphophallus gigas, a native aroid species found in the tropical forests of Sumatra, Indonesia, lacks robust population data despite previous spatial distribution studies. While not officially protected, A. gigas is considered rare in field documentation and faces potential habitat loss due to its proximity to the popular corpse flower. This 2023 study conducted in Halongonan District, North Padang Lawas Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia, aimed to gather information on the habitat characteristics and associated flora of A. gigas to guide land conservation initiatives. The research focused on a forested area within three villages: Bargot Topong Julu, Napa Lancat, and Pangirkiran, utilizing a purposive random sampling approach. Plots covering 1 ha each were selected based on Amorphophallus in the generative phase across various land covers. Ecological analysis and indices were derived from collected vegetation data. The survey unveiled varying numbers of generative and vegetative A. gigas individuals across the three study sites. The understorey community at each site exhibited different levels of association with A. gigas, with Selaginella willdenowii, Clidemia hirta, and Leersia virginica showing strong positive correlations. The floral community in A. gigas habitats displayed diverse species richness and diversity across different growth stages and locations. Findings suggest that altitude, slope, pH, light intensity, air temperature, and humidity may influence A. gigas abundance in distinct ways. This study offers valuable insights into the biological and ecological factors influencing the distribution and abundance of A. gigas populations, providing guidance for conservation and management efforts.","PeriodicalId":509766,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"53 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on the ethnomedicinal and nutritional value of some wild edible plants used by the tribal of Koraput District of Odisha, India","authors":"Sameer Jena, S. S. Dash, Ipsita Priyadarsini Samal, Gyanranjan Mahalik","doi":"10.14719/pst.3531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3531","url":null,"abstract":"Due to its abundance of plant genetic resources, Odisha is often called a genetic refuge. However, the south Odisha tribal regions, despite their abundance of natural resources, have received scant ethnobotanical research. Human cultural diversity in Koraput is well-known, and the area is also a biodiversity hotspot for several food crops and forest species. The purpose of this study is to consolidate all available information on the ethnomedical uses of wild plants by indigenous peoples in the Koraput district. The reviewed nutritional analysis studies show that numerous species have high nutrient content, some of which are superior to some domesticated varieties. Wild edible plants are used as indigenous food and remarkably improve the nutritional security of several tribal people of Koraput. However, systematic study on the nutritional potential of these wild edible plants is meager. The present study evaluated the Carbohydrate, Fat, Protein, and Fiber content in selected wild edible plants of Koraput. Research shows that several species of tubers are in danger of extinction and hence included on the IUCN Red List of Threatened and Endangered Species. For this reason, the optimal use of this biodiversity is to meet the inhabitant's present and future food. The medicinal needs depend on extensive phytochemical inquiry, safe conservation, and sustainable use of wild tuber, all require strong community participation, which also fulfills the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2 and 3, i.e., zero hunger and good health and well-being.","PeriodicalId":509766,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"81 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141664386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insilico structural modeling of normal and mutated subunits of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylasefrom Triticum aestivum to study protein-protein interactions","authors":"Saroj Rani, Aanchal Gupta, Deepshikha Kaushik, Sarvesh Rustagi, S. Malik, Rajesh Yogi, Nitesh Singh","doi":"10.14719/pst.2701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2701","url":null,"abstract":"ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is a heterotetrameric enzyme with pairs of large subunits (LS) and small subunits (SS) involved in starch biosynthesis. The increase in grain yield and plant biomass is brought about by the deregulation of endosperm. Thus, AGPase has attracted widespread interest in improving starch content in crop improvement. The data herein conclusively shows that mutation insertion involved in conformational changes is responsible for the decrease in a pocket in the mutated subunit. This type of conformational change might be beneficial for better protein-protein interaction. The present study is aimed to model and compare the structure of normal and mutatedlarge subunits of wheat AGPase to studytheir structural differences. Mutations by insertion are involved in conformational changes that are responsible for the decrease in the pocket in the mutated subunit. Such conformational changes are often beneficial to study PPI (protein-protein interactions). Further investigations were carried out using docking studies to gain insight into interaction. Based on these studies, it may be suggested that such type of mutationsare usually beneficial for starch production in wheat which is considered one of the significant Indian food crops.","PeriodicalId":509766,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141672247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of foliar versus soil application of micronutrients on the production of mango (Mangifera indica L.)","authors":"S. Srividhya, P. Thilagam, MA Venilla, K. Geetha, MS Aneesa Rani","doi":"10.14719/pst.3913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3913","url":null,"abstract":"Soil test-based fertilizer recommendations were calculated for mango @1.25:0.60:0.90kg N: P2O5:K2O per tree and were applied for all eight treatments as per schedule in the Randomized block design in an experimental field. The pooled analysis of the results revealed that the application of Soil test based recommended dose of fertilizer application after harvest + Soil application of FeSO4 @ 200g + ZnSO4 @ 200g + MgSO4 @ 100g +CuSO4 @50g + Borax @50g + MnSO4 @ 50g+ Foliar spray (twice) of ZnSO4 (0.3%) + FeSO4 (0.5%) + CuSO4 (0.2%) + Mg SO4 (0.5%) + Borax (0.2%) + MnSO4 (0.2%) at pre-flowering and marble stage recorded the maximum individual fruit weight (592 g) and highest yield kg per tree (380) followed by the T1 + IIHR micronutrients spray (twice) with yield per tree of 336 kg/tree while the control STCR based RDF alone after harvest recorded 193 kg/tree. The leaf nutrients were analyzed after sprays of the application of T1 + Soil application of micronutrients + Foliar Spray of micronutrients (Twice) recorded the highest leaf nutrient status of Nitrogen 1.55%, Phosphorus 0.224% and Potassium 1.39% and the highest micronutrients in leaf Iron (131.80 ppm), Zinc (20.50 ppm), Copper (37.50 ppm) and Manganese (199.20 ppm) higher as above treatment while, the control recorded lower value of Iron (66.30 ppm), Zinc (9.40 ppm), Copper (31.70 ppm) and Manganese (114.20 ppm).","PeriodicalId":509766,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":" 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141673274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the advances in Sorghum grain quality improvement: An overview","authors":"Anamika Dhar, B. Meena Kumari, D. Kavithamani, N. Boopathi, P. Meenakshi","doi":"10.14719/pst.3527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3527","url":null,"abstract":"Sorghum, a crucial cereal crop with versatile applications, is increasingly recognized for its grain quality attributes. The nutritional and biochemical diversity within sorghum, encompassing elements such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), proteins, starch, dietary fibers, and ß-carotene, plays a pivotal role in enhancing the quality across diverse sorghum accessions. Breeding programs offer a promising avenue for further improvement in these traits. Additionally, sorghum features a spectrum of phenolic compounds, including tannins and flavonoids, influencing both pigmentation and potential health benefits. The antioxidative properties of these compounds underscore their critical role in promoting health and mitigating oxidative stress. The significance of sorghum is shaped by genetic factors, environmental conditions, ripening stages, and varietal distinctions, highlighting the complex interplay between grain structure, genetics, and nutritional content.  As the global demand for diverse, nutritionally rich food sources continues to rise, this review provides insights aimed at deepening our understanding of sorghum's potential as a staple crop with substantial nutritional and health-promoting attributes.","PeriodicalId":509766,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endophytic fungal diversity in Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. of Tripura, Northeast India at different sampling sites and plant organs","authors":"Samrat Tripura, Prasenjit Debbarma, Suman Paul, Rahul Saha, A. Saha","doi":"10.14719/pst.3045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3045","url":null,"abstract":"Endophytic fungi are ubiquitous in plant kingdom and play a vital role in balancing the microenvironments within the host plants. Fungal endophytes isolated from ethno-botanically important plants were the source of several secondary metabolites with potential biological activities. The present study has documented the variability of culturable endophytic fungi from Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. (Combretaceae), a widely used medicinal plant of Tripura, North-east, India. A total of 613 fungal strains were isolated from 720 tissue segments viz. leaves, bark and root of T. arjuna. The highest numbers of endophytic fungal isolates were found to be colonizing in leaves (257) followed by barks (182) and the least number of isolates were obtained from roots (174). The fungal isolates were classified into 27 individual fungal strains based on morphological and microscopic features. A total of 9 endophytic fungal strains were identified using the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribe sequence and were subjected to phylogeny analysis. Most of the identified morphotypes belonged to phylum Ascomycota. Among all the isolates, Diaporthe sp., Fusarium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Penicillium sp. were the most abundant fungal isolates from T. arjuna. The fungal orders namely Sordariomycetes was the most prevalent followed by Eurotiomycetes and Dothideomycetes. Colonization rate, isolation rate, colonization frequency and relative frequency results suggest that leaf segments harbors maximum endophytic fungi assemblage compared to bark and root tissues. The analysis of Shannon (H'), Simpson (1-D), Fisher alpha (a) and Brillouin (HB) indices had significant difference with locations and tissue type. The host plant harbor unique endophytic community composition in studied sampling locations and their colonization varied between the inoculated vegetative parts of the plant. As no such study has been undertaken in the North- eastern part of India, this pioneer study may enable to unearth novel fungal endophytes that might have beneficial role in plant growth promotion, stress tolerance etc.","PeriodicalId":509766,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epicotyl morphophysiological dormancy and a rare case of epigeal cryptocotylar seed germination in Goniothalamus wynaadensis (Bedd.) Bedd., a tropical threatened endemic tree species of the Western Ghats","authors":"Anjali Jayan, A. K. Sreekala","doi":"10.14719/pst.3246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3246","url":null,"abstract":"Goniothalamus wynaadensis (Bedd.) Bedd. is a threatened indigenous tree species found in the Western Ghats and possesses significant medicinal value. This species belongs to the primitive family Annonaceae. However, there is a lack of information regarding seed germination in this species. We conducted experiments on seed germination using various media and found that the species exhibits epicotyl morpho-physiological dormancy (eMPD), marking the first such record in Annonaceae. GA3 at a concentration of 500 ppm and warm stratification at 20 °C for one week proved effective in enhancing embryo growth and radicle emergence. The epicotyl emergence was observed only at 30±2 °C. Because warm stratification promotes both radicle and shoot emergence in G. wynaadensis, the level of eMPD is non-deep and simple. Hence, dormancy in G. wynaadensis can be described as C1b Bb (radicle)- C1b Bb (epicotyl); i.e., the embryo is underdeveloped and grows before radicle emergence and epicotyl emergence under warm temperatures (Bb) and both the radicle and epicotyl have non-deep simple physiological dormancy broken by warm temperatures (C1b). Consequently, G. wynaadensis seed dormancy is phenologically well- adapted to the seasonal climate of Wayanad. Additionally, the species was found to display epigeal cryptocotylar seed germination—a rare occurrence in the development of angiosperm seedlings and this is the first record of such a phenomenon in the genus Goniothalamus.","PeriodicalId":509766,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"62 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141346915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification, GC-MS analysis and antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Trigonella foenum-graecum leaf","authors":"G. Murshid, M. H. Sohrab, M. M. Masud, M. Mazid","doi":"10.14719/pst.2735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2735","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was designed to identify the endophytic fungi isolated from leaves of Trigonella foenum-graecum (local name: Fenugreek or Methi) from Bangladesh, followed by a GC-MS analysis of fungal culture filtrates to explore major components present in the ethyl acetate extract and finally to assess their putative antibacterial activity. Two pure fungal extracts, entitled TFLE-1 and TFLE-2 were isolated from the leaf of T. foenum-graecum followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The fungal strains, TFLE-1 and TFLE-2 were identified as Fusarium lichenicola and Trichoderma euskadiense respectively as per microscopic and molecular identification. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of a total of 47 bioactive compounds among which 2-((4-methylpentan-2-yloxy)carbonyl)benzoic acid (15.33%), pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl) (12.42%), benzeneethanamine, 4-benzyloxy-2-fluoro-beta-hydroxy-5-methoxy (3.45%) for TFLE-1 and pentatriacontane (8.61%), diethyl trisulfide (2.90%) and benzene,3-heptynyl (2.78%) for TFLE-2 were the major ones. On antibacterial activity, by disc-diffusion method, the fungal strain T. euskadiense (code: TFLE-2) showed prominent antibacterial activity against both gram (+) and gram (-) multiple-resistant bacteria while compared to the standard drug kanamycin; values were found statistically significant (p?0.05). The findings of the study indicated presence of potentially bioactive endophytic fungal extracts obtained from the leaves of T. foenum-graecum cultivated in Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":509766,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141346496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}