Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care最新文献

{"title":"Point prevalence of metabolic syndrome in HIV positive patients","authors":"Shazia Hamid, A. Badyal, Vishali Sumberia","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1237_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1237_23","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related morbidity and mortality have declined over time, but this increased longevity may lead to the development of other diseases, which may further manifest as the metabolic syndrome (MS).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To find out the point prevalence of MS in HIV positive patients, a cross-sectional prospective observational study was conducted on 200 patients who approached ART plus Centre of Government Medical College and Hospital Jammu, including 50 symptomatic patients HIV negative as controls.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The mean age group in MS was 37.85 ± 6.61. Males consisted of 55% (110) and females consisted of 45% (90). The overall prevalence of MS was 13.5%, with prevalence in males being 16.3% and in females 10%. Patients receiving first line highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) showed a 24% prevalence, while that of second line HAART showed a 14% prevalence. Central obesity (47.3%) was the most common component of MS followed by hyperglycemia (43.3%), hypertriglyceridemia (38.6%), and low high density cholesterol (HDL-C) level (38.6%). Out of 84 males with MS, 94% (79) males were having hypertriglyceridemia, 88% (74) were hypertensive, and 72% (60) were having FBS >=100. Out of 66 females with MS, 100% (66) females had central obesity and 88% (58) had hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C levels.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The metabolic complications as a result of treatment with HAART leave HIV patients at a risk of developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes in spite of improvements in morbidity and mortality. Risk factors like central obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hypertriglyceridemia should be taken into consideration well before to prevent the add-on effect of developing MS.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"795 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140782217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive predictors to grade esophageal varices in liver cirrhosis patients","authors":"Sushma S. Rapelly, Shraddha Singh, Narsingh Verma, Sandeep Bhattacharya, S. Rungta","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_792_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_792_23","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Portal hypertension commonly occurs due to liver cirrhosis, and esophageal varices (EV) is one of the major complications associated with it. The most common cause of death in liver cirrhosis is EV bleeding. Hence, GE screening for EV is required, which is an invasive procedure. Regular use of endoscopy results in low compliance due to cost and discomfort for patients. Hence, identifying non-invasive markers that could grade EV provides a useful screening tool for family physicians and primary health centers (PHCs) by referring the patient to higher centers for definitive treatment, which could reduce mortality due to variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To assess non-invasive predictors of grade EV in patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Cross-sectional study.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of 109 patients with liver cirrhosis underwent clinical and biochemical evaluation, USG abdomen with spleen bipolar diameter, ascitic fluid analysis, and upper GE with a grade of EV are recorded.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 SPSS software with Student t-test, Chi-square t-test, analysis of variance, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves, and Spearman correlation with 95% CI is used. P <0.05 is considered significant.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Aminotransferase to Platelet count Ratio Index (APRI) score >1.815, PC/SD ≤909, and SAAG >1.1g/dl showed EV in liver cirrhosis (P < 0.05). The order of prediction with ROC curves shows APRI score > PC/SD > SAAG. In grading EV, APRI scores of 1.9–2.5 and >2.5 showed small and large EV, respectively (P < 0.05).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 APRI score may be used in PHC as an early intervention to grade EV and refer the patient to higher centers for definitive treatment. This would prevent the progression of varices to rupture and reduce mortality due to variceal bleeds in liver cirrhosis patients.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"114 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140790108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional study to assess the occupational health hazards among fisherwomen in a metropolitan city","authors":"R. Hadaye, Aditi Dey","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1325_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1325_23","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Research on the working conditions and health hazards of fishing communities in developing countries is scarce.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 1) To assess the occupational health hazards among women fish vendors. 2) To understand the morbidity profile in them. 3) To analyze various challenges faced by them at the workplace in this occupation. 4) To suggest various measures including ergonomic solutions that they can take to reduce these health hazards.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Community-based observational cross-sectional study.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Eight fish markets comprising women fish vendors working for more than one year (age > 30 years) in Mumbai were selected. A cluster sampling method was used. The sample size was 225. The period of the study was 2 years.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Chi-square test\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The majority of study subjects had diabetes mellitus (24%) and were overweight (54.7%). Of all participants, 55.1% had musculoskeletal pain of which low back pain (69; 30.7%) was most common. There was a significant association between musculoskeletal pain status and mode of carrying boxes, χ2 (1) =56.35 as well as with duration of occupation, χ2 (3) =89.67, P < 0.001. Of all participants, 90.2% got injured of which the majority had incisional wounds (124; 61.1%). Of all participants, 55.1% suffered from skin infections of which the majority (28; 12.4%) had itching and redness of hands and legs. There was a significant association between skin infections and duration of occupation, χ2 (3) =140.53 as well as with the use of gloves (63.2% participants), χ2 (1) =20.395, P < 0.001.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Various measures including ergonomic solutions that women fish vendors can take to reduce these health hazards need to be addressed.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"44 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140762864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A post-COVID-19 assessment of resilience of nurses and paramedical workers in municipal hospitals of urban Pune, India","authors":"Ketankumar Hitendra Patil, Nitin Sanjay Tawar, A. Kudale","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_947_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_947_23","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To assess the resilience of primary healthcare workers (HCWs) by determining the factors associated with developing resilience post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A cross-sectional study in selected municipal hospitals.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale was used to assess the resilience of the 245 HCWs, including the nurses and paramedics working in Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC) hospitals in Pune City. Data were analysed using the Chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), independent-samples t-test and correlational analysis using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The mean resilience score of the HCWs in PMC hospitals post-COVID-19 was 75.09 (±9.25). The score for hardiness, optimism, resourcefulness and purpose was 20.15 (±3.87), 21.22 (±3.39), 17.24 (±2.76) and 16.40 (±2.17), respectively. Seven factors were significantly associated with the resilience of nurses and paramedics, namely age (P < 0.001), work experience (P < 0.001), monthly income (P < 0.001), having faced financial problems during COVID-19 (P < 0.001), hospital setting (P < 0.05), marital status (P < 0.01) and professional category (P < 0.001). In addition, 60% of the participants reported mental health issues due to routine workloads such as irritation/anger, frustration and tension/worry, fatigue and work-related stress, and sadness and anxiety. Suggestions for improvement were mainly increasing human resources, proper management, skilled staff, improved facilities and funding, and cooperation among staff.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The resilience of primary HCWs in Pune post-COVID-19 was higher than HCWs in other countries assessed during COVID-19. Further, resilience was found more among nurses than paramedics. Modifiable factors affecting resilience must be addressed to improve the resilience of HCWs to build everyday resilience and strengthen health systems for public health emergencies.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140794331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In reply to pattern of injuries among patients presenting to level 1 trauma center","authors":"Mantu Jain, C. Mohanty, R. Radhakrishnan","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1788_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1788_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"230 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140758444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyproheptadine in serotonin syndrome: A retrospective study","authors":"Sanjay Prakash, Harsh Patel, Sunil Kumar, C. Shah","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_652_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_652_23","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Serotonin syndrome (SS) is an iatrogenic life-threatening condition caused by serotonergic agents. The treatment for SS involves the administration of a serotonin antagonist (cyproheptadine). However, the dosing schedule for cyproheptadine is not uniform in the literature.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We retrospectively evaluated 23 adult patients (>18 years) admitted to the Neurology Department and met the Hunter criteria for SS.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The mean age was 35.2 years, and 52% were female. Ten patients were managed in the intensive care unit (ICU), whereas thirteen patients were admitted to the ward. Hyperreflexia was the most common clinical feature (100%), followed by clonus (91%), tachycardia (83%), and tremor (83%). Other common clinical features were rigidity (65%), increased bowel sound (61%), diaphoresis (48%), fever (43%), hypertension (39%), and myoclonus (30%). All but one patient received two or more serotonergic drugs. Tramadol was the most common serotonergic agent (39%), followed by sodium valproate (21%), and amitriptyline (21%). Cyproheptadine was administered to all patients. All patients admitted in the ICU received a loading dose of 12 mg followed by 2 mg every 2 h for at least 24 h. All patients admitted to the ward were given 4 mg of cyproheptadine three times each day. Every patient showed at least some response to cyproheptadine within 24 h. The total doses of cyproheptadine and the length of treatment differed between patients.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Any response to cyproheptadine at a therapeutic dose within 24 h, even a partial one, could be a diagnostic indicator of the existence of SS.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"577 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140759404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of life and thalassemia in India: A scoping review","authors":"S. Chinnaiyan, Jenifer Sylvia, Sowmiya Kothandaraman, B. Palanisamy","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1787_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1787_23","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 \u0000 In recent years, a multitude of studies have been conducted to investigate the assessment of quality of life (QoL) among individuals affected by thalassemia. This scoping review aimed to examine the existing knowledge regarding the QoL and its associated factors among individuals with thalassemia in India. Databases, such as PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, were searched. A total of nine articles were included in the review. The included studies mainly investigated children. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) is the most common instrument used most often. Overall, the research findings indicate that individuals who underwent blood transfusion exhibited a lower QoL than those who did not receive blood transfusion. Additionally, it was observed that children diagnosed with thalassemia reported a lower QoL than adults. Nevertheless, the studies exhibited notable methodological deficiencies that constrained the validity and generalizability of the results. Hence, it is imperative to undertake comprehensive QoL research encompassing all regions of India and various thalassemia populations within the country to bridge this evidentiary void.","PeriodicalId":509702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140765961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of sexual beliefs among “drug naive male” patients attending psychiatry OPD in a teaching institution: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Chaitanya Sheoran, N. Nayar, Abhinit Kumar, Kunal Kumar, Shruti Sharma, Nikita Maan","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_673_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_673_23","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The basic objective of any civilization is to preserve a happy family. The quality of one’s sexual encounters is crucial to a happy marriage. Couples’ dissatisfaction in this area may be the cause of several social, psychological, and medical issues. The way reality is interpreted, which shapes behaviors and emotions, is established by beliefs. These beliefs, which are among the most frequent causes of male sexual problems, include those relating to high performance, women’s sexual enjoyment, and sexual conservatism.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To identify the misconceptions about sexuality among psychiatry patients. Method This cross-sectional study was carried out at the School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University. We enrolled 200 samples and it is assessed through Sexual Beliefs Questionnaire (Male version).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Sexual beliefs were assessed in different domains as well as overall sexual belief score was also estimated. The different domains in which the sexual beliefs were scored were sexual conservatism, female sexual power, macho belief, beliefs about women’s sexual satisfaction, restrictive attitude toward sex, and sex as an abuse of men’s power.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The development of both psychiatric and sexological care will benefit from the early identification of the intricate relationships between psychopathology, the adverse effects of antipsychotic medicines, and sexuality. However, longitudinal studies are needed to anticipate the relationship more accurately between sexual dysfunction and sexual beliefs at a larger sample size. Sexual beliefs are significant contributors to sexual dysfunction.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140770136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of non-invasive parameters with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy findings for presence and grading of gastroesophageal varices in liver cirrhosis patients","authors":"Navgeet Mathur, Harsh Patel, Ravi Mangalia, Amit Mehta, M. Mathur, A. Verma, Ashish Patyal","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_702_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_702_23","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Development of esophageal varices is one of the major complications of liver cirrhosis, and endoscopy is used to see the presence, grading, and long-term monitoring of esophageal varices which is an invasive and unpleasant procedure. There is no adequate data available showing noninvasive methods can be used for the same.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Seventy patients with liver cirrhosis participated in the study. Factors like portal vein diameter, spleen size, platelet count, serum bilirubin, Child-Pugh score, prothrombin time (PT), and PT INR were observed and correlated endoscopically with the presence and grading of esophageal varices in all patients.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The platelet count, portal vein diameter, serum bilirubin, spleen bipolar diameter, and PT had statistically significant correlations with the presence of varices. Among them, platelet count, portal vein diameter, and serum bilirubin also had statistically significant correlations with the grading of varices. Monitoring of these noninvasive parameters can help in monitoring variceal growth.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Noninvasive parameters can be used effectively to predict the presence and grading of esophageal varices and at the same time keep the rate of undiagnosed varices acceptably low. By using noninvasive parameters, patients can be benefited by decreasing the requirement of repeated endoscopic evaluation which is an unpleasant procedure and availability is also limited.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"58 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140795674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the h-index: Unveiling nuances and demanding rigor in academic metrics","authors":"S. M. Saleem, S. Jan","doi":"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1855_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1855_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"197 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140794002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}