{"title":"Cardiac amyloidosis: the possibilities and challenges in the Ghanaian setting.","authors":"Andrew Sefenu Dzebu, Magalys López Cuba","doi":"10.1080/13506129.2024.2422458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506129.2024.2422458","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50964,"journal":{"name":"Amyloid-Journal of Protein Folding Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Amyloidosis can be diagnosed by cardiologists in Africa: now they should be given the medicine to treat it.","authors":"Lucio Luzzatto","doi":"10.1080/13506129.2024.2422474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506129.2024.2422474","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50964,"journal":{"name":"Amyloid-Journal of Protein Folding Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anomalous colours, not interference colours or 'apple-green birefringence', in Congo red-stained amyloid.","authors":"Alexander J Howie","doi":"10.1080/13506129.2024.2421427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506129.2024.2421427","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50964,"journal":{"name":"Amyloid-Journal of Protein Folding Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ole B Suhr, Martha Grogan, Ana Martins da Silva, Chafic Karam, Pablo Garcia-Pavia, Brian Drachman, Wagner Zago, Radhika Tripuraneni, Gene G Kinney
{"title":"PRX004 in variant amyloid transthyretin (ATTRv) amyloidosis: results of a phase 1, open-label, dose-escalation study.","authors":"Ole B Suhr, Martha Grogan, Ana Martins da Silva, Chafic Karam, Pablo Garcia-Pavia, Brian Drachman, Wagner Zago, Radhika Tripuraneni, Gene G Kinney","doi":"10.1080/13506129.2024.2420809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506129.2024.2420809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The investigational monoclonal antibody PRX004 is designed to specifically target and deplete TTR amyloid. Here, we report on the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and preliminary clinical activity of PRX004 in patients with ATTRv amyloidosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This global, multicentre, phase 1 trial comprised a 3 + 3 dose-escalation phase and a long-term extension (LTE) phase (NCT03336580). In the dose-escalation phase, patients received PRX004 (0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 10 or 30 mg/kg), administered intravenously every 28 days for 3 months. In the LTE, eligible patients could receive up to 15 additional doses. Patients who received doses of ≥3 mg/kg for ≥9 months were assessed for Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) and Neuropathy Impairment Score (NIS). The primary objective was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of PRX004.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 21 patients with ATTRv amyloidosis completed the dose-escalation phase; 17 subsequently enrolled in the LTE. The MTD was not reached. PRX004 was well tolerated at all doses, with dose-proportional exposure. GLS and NIS were improved or maintained over 9 months (<i>n</i> = 7).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PRX004 was well tolerated in patients with ATTRv amyloidosis and demonstrated potential clinical activity. A phase 2 randomised controlled trial in ATTR cardiomyopathy is ongoing (NCT05442047).</p>","PeriodicalId":50964,"journal":{"name":"Amyloid-Journal of Protein Folding Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew F Starost, Tomoaki Murakami, Kelli L Vaughan, Christopher King, Anna Harima, Julie A Mattison
{"title":"Identification of epidermal growth factor-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1-derived amyloid deposition in a rhesus macaque.","authors":"Matthew F Starost, Tomoaki Murakami, Kelli L Vaughan, Christopher King, Anna Harima, Julie A Mattison","doi":"10.1080/13506129.2024.2421434","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13506129.2024.2421434","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50964,"journal":{"name":"Amyloid-Journal of Protein Folding Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fernando de Frutos, Giulia Saturi, Esther Gonzalez-Lopez, Maurizio Sguazzotti, Fernando Dominguez, Alberto Ponziani, Eva Cabrera-Romero, Angelo Giuseppe Caponetti, Sara Lozano, Paolo Massa, Belen Peiro-Aventin, Antonella Accietto, Nerea Mora-Ayestarán, Alessandro Giovannetti, Victor Castro-Urda, Christian Gagliardi, Marta Cobo-Marcos, Rafael Rios-Tamayo, Elena Biagini, Manuel Gomez-Bueno, Nazzareno Galiè, Javier Segovia-Cubero, Simone Longhi, Pablo Garcia-Pavia
{"title":"Incidence and predictors of sudden death in patients with cardiac amyloidosis.","authors":"Fernando de Frutos, Giulia Saturi, Esther Gonzalez-Lopez, Maurizio Sguazzotti, Fernando Dominguez, Alberto Ponziani, Eva Cabrera-Romero, Angelo Giuseppe Caponetti, Sara Lozano, Paolo Massa, Belen Peiro-Aventin, Antonella Accietto, Nerea Mora-Ayestarán, Alessandro Giovannetti, Victor Castro-Urda, Christian Gagliardi, Marta Cobo-Marcos, Rafael Rios-Tamayo, Elena Biagini, Manuel Gomez-Bueno, Nazzareno Galiè, Javier Segovia-Cubero, Simone Longhi, Pablo Garcia-Pavia","doi":"10.1080/13506129.2024.2414295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506129.2024.2414295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although sudden death (SD) is a recognized complication of cardiac amyloidosis, there is scarce data about its incidence, mechanisms, and predictors. The aim of this study was to describe incidence of SD and to analyze possible risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive patients with ATTR or AL cardiac amyloidosis evaluated at two European centers were identified. SD was defined as unexpected death in clinically stable patients. Cox proportional hazard regression was performed to assess risk factors in univariate analysis. Those statistically significant were then assessed through age-adjusted multivariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis included 784 patients, 569 with ATTR amyloidosis (mean age 74.1 ± 12.1 years) and 215 with AL amyloidosis (mean age 64.5 ± 10.8 years). After a median follow-up of 1.9 years, SD rate at 2 years was 1.8% in ATTR. Previous pacemaker implantation (PPM) was associated with increased risk after age-adjusted analysis (HR 4.97; 95%CI: 1.39-17.7; <i>p</i> = 0.01). SD rate in AL amyloidosis patients at 2 years was 8.0% after a median follow-up of 1.2 years. Betablockers and NYHA III-IV were independently associated with an increased risk after age-adjusted multivariate analysis (HR 7.06 95%CI (2.31-21.5) <i>p</i> = 0.001) and (HR 4.56 95%CI (1.51-13.8) <i>p</i> = 0.007) respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SD is more frequent in AL than in ATTR cardiac amyloidosis. SD is associated with different risk factors in both entities.</p>","PeriodicalId":50964,"journal":{"name":"Amyloid-Journal of Protein Folding Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Valentina Moccia, Claudia Maria Tucciarone, Silvia Garutti, Melissa Milazzo, Filippo Ferri, Carlo Palizzotto, Maria Mazza, Marco Basset, Eric Zini, Stefano Ricagno, Silvia Ferro
{"title":"AA amyloidosis in vertebrates: epidemiology, pathology and molecular aspects.","authors":"Valentina Moccia, Claudia Maria Tucciarone, Silvia Garutti, Melissa Milazzo, Filippo Ferri, Carlo Palizzotto, Maria Mazza, Marco Basset, Eric Zini, Stefano Ricagno, Silvia Ferro","doi":"10.1080/13506129.2024.2417219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506129.2024.2417219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AA amyloidosis is a prototypic example of systemic amyloidosis: it results from the prolonged overproduction of SAA protein produced in response to chronic inflammation. AA amyloidosis primarily affects the kidneys, liver, spleen, gastrointestinal tract, leading to a variety of symptoms. First, this review examines AA amyloidosis in humans, focusing on pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and diagnosis and then in animals. In fact AA amyloidosis is the only systemic amyloidosis that has been largely documented in a remarkable number of vertebrate species: mammals, birds, and fishes, especially in individuals with comorbidities, chronic stress, or held in captivity. Secondly, here, we summarise independent sets of evidence obtained on different animal species, exploring the possible transmissibility of AA amyloidosis especially in crowded or confined populations. Finally, biochemical and structural data on native SAA and on AA amyloid fibrils from human, murine, and cat ex vivo samples are discussed. The available structural data depict a complex scenario, where SAA can misfold forming highly different amyloid assemblies. This review highlights the complexity of AA amyloidosis, emphasising the need for further research into its spread in the animal kingdom, its structural aspects, and pathogenetic mechanisms to evaluate its impact on human and animal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":50964,"journal":{"name":"Amyloid-Journal of Protein Folding Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142480034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker for hereditary ATTR amyloidosis - correlation between neurofilament light chain and nerve conduction study.","authors":"Masateru Tajiri, Mitsuto Sato, Minori Kodaira, Akira Matsushima, Yusuke Mochizuki, Yusuke Takahashi, Ken Takasone, Emre Aldinc, Simina Ticau, Gang Jia, Yoshiki Sekijima","doi":"10.1080/13506129.2024.2409760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506129.2024.2409760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a biomarker of neuronal injury in hereditary ATTR (ATTRv) amyloidosis. However, the correlation between NfL and nerve conduction study (NCS), the standard test for ATTRv neuropathy, has not been investigated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Elucidate the correlation between NfL and NCS parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>227 serum NfL measurements were performed in 45 ATTRv patients, 5 asymptomatic carriers, and 12 controls. Among them, 177 simultaneous analyses of NCS and NfL were conducted in 45 ATTRv patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NfL levels of symptomatic patients were significantly higher than those of asymptomatic carriers and controls. Serum NfL levels were correlated with NCS parameters, especially compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitudes, indicators of axonal damage. CMAP and/or SNAP amplitudes were undetectable in 9 patients (no-amplitude group) due to advanced neuropathy. NfL levels in the no-amplitude group were significantly higher than those in patients with detectable CMAP/SNAP. NfL levels significantly decreased with patisiran, although no significant changes were observed in CMAP and SNAP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NfL levels are found to be correlated with CMAP/SNAP amplitudes. Compared with NCS, NfL can be a more sensitive biomarker for detecting treatment response and active nerve damage even in patients with advanced neuropathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":50964,"journal":{"name":"Amyloid-Journal of Protein Folding Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joel N Buxbaum, David S Eisenberg, Marcus Fändrich, Ellen D McPhail, Giampaolo Merlini, Maria J M Saraiva, Yoshiki Sekijima, Per Westermark
{"title":"Amyloid nomenclature 2024: update, novel proteins, and recommendations by the International Society of Amyloidosis (ISA) Nomenclature Committee.","authors":"Joel N Buxbaum, David S Eisenberg, Marcus Fändrich, Ellen D McPhail, Giampaolo Merlini, Maria J M Saraiva, Yoshiki Sekijima, Per Westermark","doi":"10.1080/13506129.2024.2405948","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13506129.2024.2405948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ISA Nomenclature Committee met at the XIX International Symposium of Amyloidosis in Rochester, MN, 27 May 2024. The in-person event was followed by many electronic discussions, resulting in the current updated recommendations. The general nomenclature principles are unchanged. The total number of human amyloid fibril proteins is now 42 of which 19 are associated with systemic deposition, while 4 occur with either localised or systemic deposits. Most systemic amyloidoses are caused by the presence of protein variants which promote misfolding. However, in the cases of AA and ATTR the deposits most commonly consist of wild-type proteins and/or their fragments. One peptide drug, previously reported to create local iatrogenic amyloid deposits at its injection site, has been shown to induce rare instances of systemic deposition. The number of described animal amyloid fibril proteins is now 16, 2 of which are unknown in humans. Recognition of the importance of intracellular protein aggregates, which may have amyloid or amyloid-like properties, in many neurodegenerative diseases is rapidly increasing and their significance is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":50964,"journal":{"name":"Amyloid-Journal of Protein Folding Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}