Ambix最新文献

{"title":"From Lived Experience to the Written Word: Reconstructing Practical Knowledge in the Early Modern World","authors":"S. Dupré","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2023.2170541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00026980.2023.2170541","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":"70 1","pages":"201 - 202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47130835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to Sell a Poison","authors":"Silvia Pérez-Criado","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2022.2157097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00026980.2022.2157097","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":"70 1","pages":"200 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43948869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>The Book on Alums and Salts</i> of Pseudo-Rāzī.","authors":"Gabriele Ferrario","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2023.2222505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00026980.2023.2222505","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":"70 sup1","pages":"S1-S208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139934046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Contamination of the Earth. A History of Pollutions in the Industrial Age","authors":"Pablo Corral-Broto","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2022.2156109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00026980.2022.2156109","url":null,"abstract":"Jarrige and Le Roux’s book appeared in French in 2017; three years later MIT Press published a translation of this excellent work on the history of pollution. The book makes an important contribution to the fields of environmental history, social and economic history, the history of law and the state, histories of science and technology, and political ecology or ecological economics, among other eco-disciplines. It analyses pollution from the point of view of production and consumption, regulation, industrial lobbying, labour pressure, and devotion to economic growth all over the planet. Thus it presents a global history of pollution, divided chronologically into three parts from 1700 to the present day. The first part traces the emergence of industrial pollution between 1700 and 1830, from agrarian states and rural pollution to industrialisation and urban pollution. During this time there was a mandatory distance of more than twenty kilometres of gunpowder factories from cities, enforced by a public health police. But coal cities carried out what they called “the regulatory revolution” (p. 63). These changes in the protection, estimation, and compensation of industrial damage have been widely studied by historians. Jarrige and Le Roux, both experts on France, have managed to extend this story to all the industrial countries of the nineteenth century. The second part, “Naturalizing Pollutions in the Age of Progress (1830–1914),” shows that the pattern was global: instead of shutting down polluting factories, notions of progress required protecting them with new experts and new interpretations of the law. Chemistry became a “new frontier” (p. 106), organised and prepared to pollute without limits for the sake of progress. Thus were born the great chemical multinational corporations at the end of the nineteenth century, as well as new solvents, fertilisers, insecticides, and synthetic products. Legal and regulatory change up to the GreatWar was also global and always aimed at protecting the industry. This explains why public and neighbourhood protests were ubiquitous but unresolved, and not even the hygienists questioned the benefits of chemistry","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":"70 1","pages":"104 - 105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46832250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tóxicos: pasado y presente. Pensar históricamente un mundo tóxico","authors":"Judit Gil-Farrero","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2022.2140979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00026980.2022.2140979","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":"70 1","pages":"100 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43375616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ingenuity in the Making: Matter and Technique in Early Modern Europe","authors":"Wenrui Zhao","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2022.2146352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00026980.2022.2146352","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":"70 1","pages":"99 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46914265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SHAC Special ICHC13 Award Scheme - Grants to Support Attendance at ICHC13 in Vilnius, May 2023.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2022.2134615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00026980.2022.2134615","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":"69 4","pages":"434-435"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9715923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robert Warington and Heinrich Will: Friendship and Co-operation in Chemistry in Nineteenth Century Britain and Germany.","authors":"Anna Simmons,&nbsp;William H Brock","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2022.2133807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00026980.2022.2133807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper discusses fourteen letters that Heinrich Will (1812-1890), Justus Liebig's (1803-1873) successor at the University of Giessen, sent to Robert Warington (1807-1867), the chemical operator at Apothecaries' Hall in London, between 1842 and 1854. The correspondence illuminates a range of topics related to the development of the British chemical community in mid-Victorian Britain - its organisations, networks, and commercial opportunities, as well as offering insights into the importance of family, friendship, and collegiality in sustaining scientific careers. Studying such an exchange of material and textual knowledge helps to further understand how science was organised and ideas disseminated in a key period for institutional development in chemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":" ","pages":"374-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40666306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robert Fludd's Visual and Artisanal Episteme: A Case Study of Fludd's Interaction with His Engraver, His Printer-Publisher, and His <i>Amanuenses</i>.","authors":"Ute Frietsch","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2022.2133809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00026980.2022.2133809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Robert Fludd was a thinker full of contradictions. He is famous for his theosophical system and for his experimental chymical constructions as well as for his Galenic medical practices. Furthermore, Fludd had his works published in luxurious folio formats by the publisher Johann Theodor de Bry, and the spectacular etchings and many of the engravings in his books were executed by Matthäus Merian the Elder. Fludd's elaborate explanations of these images reveal him to be a natural philosopher who expressed his thoughts graphically. To what extent, however, were the ideas for the images, and the images in Fludd's books themselves, his own? A discussion of preserved textual and image sources suggests that Fludd can indeed be understood as a chymical thinker and practitioner who contributed to the visual and artisanal episteme of his time. This article demonstrates this interpretation by using both well-known sources and the recently rediscovered, lavishly illustrated, master copy, Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg Frankfurt am Main, MS lat. qu. 15, which served as a template for the section <i>De technica microcosmi historia</i> of Fludd's main work <i>Utriusque cosmi historia</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":" ","pages":"341-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40437625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Tantalum Metals (1801-1866): Nineteenth-Century Analytical Chemistry and the Identification of Chemical Elements.","authors":"Sarah N Hijmans","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2022.2133806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00026980.2022.2133806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper examines the identification of chemical elements using mineral analysis, focusing on the controversy surrounding the \"tantalum metals\" between 1801 and 1866. Of these metals, only tantalum and niobium are still recognised as elements today; the discovery claims of columbium, pelopium, ilmenium and dianium were all retracted or refuted. Despite the theoretical and institutional changes that chemistry underwent during this time, the debates on the tantalum metals point towards a continuity in the identification of metals. For most of the nineteenth century, chemists continued to use the same types of analytical procedures as their mid-eighteenth-century predecessors. These analytical methods enabled the identification of metals based on the chemical behaviour of their compounds, without requiring their isolation in the form of simple substances (that is, as metals). Accordingly, the central questions in all of the debates on the tantalum metals were the correct identification of the properties of compounds and the elimination of impurities, rather than the simplicity of the new metals. The story of the tantalum metals therefore illustrates the fact that, despite the definition of chemical elements as simple substances, the discovery of new (metallic) elements only rarely coincided with the isolation of new simple substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":" ","pages":"399-419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33516837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}