{"title":"Efficient fuzzy simulations for estimating the failure credibility of engineering structures under fuzzy environment","authors":"Yujie Gu , Menghao Xue , Yunwen Miao , Mingxuan Zhao , Qing Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficiently and accurately solving the failure credibility of a structural system plays a significant role in the engineering field under fuzzy environment. A more precise failure credibility can help assess the safety degree of the system, and then reduce the occurrence of security accidents. At present, the extended fuzzy first-order and second-moment method (EFFOSM) is effective to analyze failure credibility for some occasions. However, when it comes to complicated performance functions and fuzzy inputs, the accuracy of EFFOSM is greatly reduced and its efficiency also needs to be improved. To overcome the above shortcomings, this paper proposes two types of novel fuzzy simulation algorithms, namely uniform discretization algorithm (UDA) and bisection simulation algorithm (BSA). For the system involving frequently-encountered continuous and strictly monotone performance functions of regular LR fuzzy interval inputs, these two algorithms are designed to estimate failure credibility with higher efficiency and accuracy. Subsequently, with the aid of the linearization and regularization procedures in EFFOSM, the application of UDA and BSA is extended to non-monotone performance functions of irregular LR fuzzy intervals. To evaluate and verify the performance of the proposed two algorithms, their comparisons with EFFOSM are conducted through some numerical examples and practical problems. The results show that the proposed two algorithms outperform EFFOSM in terms of accuracy and efficiency, and also have wider application range for estimating the failure credibility of strictly monotone performance functions involving regular LR fuzzy interval inputs. Meanwhile, BSA is slightly better than UDA for the less runtime.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50955,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Science and Technology","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109688"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alex R. Keller , Fabio A. Bendana , Vincent C. Phong , R. Mitchell Spearrin
{"title":"Additively-manufactured shear tri-coaxial rocket injector mixing and combustion characteristics","authors":"Alex R. Keller , Fabio A. Bendana , Vincent C. Phong , R. Mitchell Spearrin","doi":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A monolithic tri-coaxial propellant injection scheme for enhanced mixing of methane-oxygen in liquid-propellant rocket systems is enabled by additive manufacturing. Mixing and combustion characteristics of the tri-coaxial design are assessed experimentally from 1–69 bar using laser absorption tomography and chemiluminescence imaging, and are compared to a traditionally-manufactured bi-coaxial design. Quantitative two-dimensional images of temperature and carbon monoxide mole fraction are generated from the laser absorption spectroscopy methods, while OH* chemiluminescence provides an approximate metric for combustion heat release defining flame length and injector standoff distance. At similar pressures and oxidizer-to-fuel ratios, the tri-coaxial injector design is shown to enhance mixing and combustion progress, reducing characteristic mixing length scales and achieving improved combustion performance relative to more conventional bi-coaxial designs. Despite enhanced mixing, the tri-coaxial design exhibits more limited reduction in flame standoff distance from the injector face, suggesting that increased heat flux to the injector face can be managed. The tri-coaxial injector highlights the potential to leverage additive manufacturing to enhance performance and simplify the fabrication of liquid-propellant rocket engines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50955,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Science and Technology","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109680"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaowu Yang , Zhiquan Wang , Yuxin Hao , Wei Zhang , Yan Niu , Wensai Ma
{"title":"Nonlinear dynamic characteristics of smart FG-GPLRC sandwich varying thickness truncated conical shell with internal resonance for first three order modes","authors":"Shaowu Yang , Zhiquan Wang , Yuxin Hao , Wei Zhang , Yan Niu , Wensai Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the 1:1:1 internal resonant nonlinear dynamic characteristic of the simply supported varying thickness functionally graded graphene platelets reinforced composite (FG-GPLRC) smart truncated sandwich conical shell subject to the combined effects of transverse load and in-plane force. The truncated smart sandwich conical shell is composed of an FG-GPLRC varying thickness core and two magneto-electro-elastic face layers, whose material properties and constitutive relations are individually identified by the rule of mixture, improved Halpin-Tsai approach and generalized Hooke's law. Utilizing the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT), von Karman's geometrical nonlinearity, Hamilton's principle and Galerkin technique, the 3DOF dimensionless nonlinear dynamic formulations for the truncated smart FG-GPLRC conical shell are established. The multiple-scale technique is applied to developing the averaged equations for the truncated smart FG-GPLRC conical shell under combined resonance. The frequency-response and force-response curves, Poincare maps, phase portraits, time history diagrams, bifurcation and maximum Lyapunov exponent diagrams can be portrayed by the nonlinear equation solver and Runge-Kutta approach. The effects of the damping and tuning parameters, transverse and in-plane forces on the 1:1:1 internal resonant nonlinear dynamic characteristic of truncated smart varying thickness FG-GPLRC sandwich conical shell are examined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50955,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Science and Technology","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109672"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Position and reduced attitude trajectory tracking control of quadrotors: Theory and experiments","authors":"Carlos Montañez-Molina , Javier Pliego-Jiménez","doi":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multirotor aerial vehicles are versatile flying robots that perform hovering, vertical take-off and landing, and aggressive maneuvers in a 3D environment. Due to their underactuated nature, the aerial vehicles' position and orientation cannot be controlled independently. For this reason, most of the quadrotors' tasks involved position tracking or regulation tasks. This paper focuses on the position-tracking problem of quadrotors using the reduced orientation of the vehicle, meaning that only two degrees of freedom of the robot's orientation are controlled. We propose an almost global exponential reduced attitude control law that aligns the aerial robot's thrust direction with the desired force that drives the robot along the desired position trajectory. For the translational subsystem, we propose a dynamic control law that drives the position and velocity of the quadrotors asymptotically to the desired trajectories. The proposed attitude control law is computationally simple, and thus, it is suitable to run on board. Finally, we provide experimental results performed on a low-cost quadrotor and a comparison study with a full-attitude controller to illustrate the performance and advantages of the proposed control laws.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50955,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Science and Technology","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109683"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salman Ijaz , Yuhao Shi , Yasir Ali Khan , Maria Khodaverdian , Umair Javaid
{"title":"Robust adaptive control law design for enhanced stability of agriculture UAV used for pesticide spraying","authors":"Salman Ijaz , Yuhao Shi , Yasir Ali Khan , Maria Khodaverdian , Umair Javaid","doi":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In precision agriculture, such as crop spraying, controlling UAVs presents various challenges such as variable payload, inertial coefficient variation, influence of external disturbances such as wind gusts, and uncertainties associated with the dynamics. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a hybrid control technique that combines higher-order integral sliding mode control, fast-terminal sliding mode control, and adaptive law. The objective is to mitigate the effects of variable payload, external disturbances, and uncertainties while maintaining the stability and performance of the UAV during spraying. Initially, a mathematical model is constructed for a coaxial octocopter UAV that is fitted with a spraying tank. This model takes into account the variation in mass and moment of inertia. Then, a two-loop control structure is employed to attain control of both the translational and rotational axis of the UAV. The numerical simulations are performed on a nonlinear model of the agricultural UAV system and compared with neural network based sliding mode control and robust adaptive backstepping control schemes. The robustness of the proposed scheme is tested in wind gusts and sensor measurement error conditions. Finally, hardware-in-loop simulations are performed using the Pixhawk Orange Cube flight controller to validate the real-time capability of the proposed scheme.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50955,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Science and Technology","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109676"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanpi Lin , Lei Wang , Fang Zhang , Xiaojun Li , Zuchao Zhu
{"title":"Study on cryogenic cavitation and its temperature-pressure correlated characteristics of methane pump in rocket engine","authors":"Yanpi Lin , Lei Wang , Fang Zhang , Xiaojun Li , Zuchao Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The harsh and complex working environment such as low temperature, high pressure and high speed in the turbopump brings great challenges to the working performance, operation stability and structural safety of the turbine pump device. In this research, the cryogenic cavitation of methane pump in liquid oxygen-methane rocket engine is studied by the combination of experiment and high-performance computing cluster numerical simulation. The unsteady flow calculation of the methane pump is carried out to reveal the cavitation and its temperature-pressure correlated characteristics of the methane pump in different operation conditions. A cryogenic cavitation model considering the thermal effect of cryogenic medium is established and the cryogenic cavitation simulation of methane pump is carried out. The hydraulic and cavitation performance experiments of methane pump are also performed. It is demonstrated that: 1) The volume fraction and cycle of cavitation in pump will decrease exponentially with the increase of inlet pressure. The cavitation cycle under low inlet pressure (0.146 MPa) is five times of that under high inlet pressure (0.3 MPa). 2) The decrease of inlet pressure will lead to the decrease of Strouhal number, which will weaken the unsteady cavitation effect of methane pump and enhance the influence of fluid inertia effect on cavitation. 3) Cavitation in inducer is mainly dominated by the backflow vortex cavitation (BVC) and the blade cavitation (BC) under lower inlet pressure condition, while the backflow vortex cavitation (BVC) and the tip vortex (TVC) cavitation are the main contribution in higher inlet pressure conditions. Through the study of cryogenic cavitation under harsh pump working conditions is benefit to reveal the cavitation mechanism of methane pump, and provide theoretical basis and technical support for the improvement design of turbopump.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50955,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Science and Technology","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109679"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive control of nonlinear time-varying systems with unknown parameters and model uncertainties","authors":"Zhenwei Ma , Qiufeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the adaptive control problem for nonlinear time-varying systems with unknown parameters and model uncertainties. A novel class of switching functions is designed, and its construction method is detailed, along with a proof of the continuity of its <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span> order derivatives. Two simple examples are provided to illustrate how the proposed congelation of variables method handles unknown high-frequency time-varying parameters in both the feedback and input paths. A new neural network control scheme is then developed, integrating an adaptive neural network controller with a robust controller. The smooth transition between these two controllers is ensured by the novel switching function, which guarantees global system stability. Furthermore, by combining the congelation of variables method with adaptive backstepping, a new adaptive tracking control scheme is proposed. This scheme effectively handles unknown high-frequency time-varying parameters while achieving asymptotic tracking of arbitrary reference signals. Simulation results show that the proposed novel adaptive control method delivers superior control accuracy while reducing energy consumption: it achieves an order of magnitude improvement over the traditional adaptive robust control method and two orders of magnitude improvement over the conventional sliding mode control method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50955,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Science and Technology","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109677"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aeroelasticity of an aircraft wing with nonlinear energy sink","authors":"I.P. Wall, M.R. Amoozgar, A.A. Popov","doi":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the effectiveness of nonlinear energy sinks on enhancing aeroelastic stability and post-instability response of aircraft wings is investigated. The wing has two degrees of freedom in bending and torsion, and is modelled using an extended Euler-Bernoulli beam theory with hardening nonlinearity. A Nonlinear Energy Sink (NES) absorber is embedded inside the wing distributed along the wing span. The wing attached unsteady aerodynamic loads are simulated using the Wagner's indicial lift model. The structural dynamics of the wing are derived using Extended Hamilton's Principle and it is discretised using Galerkin's method. The NES mass is connected to the wing spar through a linear damper and nonlinear spring with a cubic stiffness nonlinearity. The coupled aeroelastic equations are then transformed to state space. Then, integrated numerically to resolve the bending and torsional response of the wing to study the impact of spanwise and chordwise positions of the embedded NES on flutter suppression and instability response enhancement. The results demonstrate that the NES is most efficient and is most sensitive to changes in the stiffness when placed at the wingtip. For a given chordwise location, it is found that there is a range of flow speeds over which the NES is most effective and reducing the chordwise offset lowers the speed of the peak efficiency range and moves it closer to the flutter speed. In addition, increasing the stiffness coefficient of the NES improves the efficiency of the device in the immediate post-flutter region. Two near optimum NES devices are proposed with a mass ratios of 1% (located at the wingtip) and 2.5% (located at 75% span). Both of these improve the flutter speed by 5%, and reduce the post-flutter response by 64.5% and 59.2%, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50955,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Science and Technology","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109684"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High precision aerodynamic heat prediction method based on data augmentation and transfer learning","authors":"Ze Wang , Weiwei Zhang , Xu Wang , Shufang Song","doi":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Data-driven modeling methods have become one of the main technologies for predicting aerodynamic heat in hypersonic conditions. However, due to the limitations of wind tunnel experimental conditions, the spatial distribution of aerothermal wind tunnel experimental data is often sparse, and the sample size is relatively small. Furthermore, there is a lack of direct correlation in the aerodynamic heat distribution data among different shapes of vehicles, which poses challenges for constructing high-performance data-driven aerodynamic heat prediction models. To address these issues, this paper proposes a high-precision aerodynamic heat modeling and prediction method based on data augmentation and transfer learning. First, integrating the concept of data fusion, we propose to enhance the sparse aerothermal wind tunnel experimental data by using deep neural networks and introducing low-precision numerical computation results. Next, based on the close physical correlation between boundary layer outer edge information and wall surface aerodynamic heat, we construct the aerodynamic heat prediction model ED-ResNet using a double-series residual neural network. Finally, by fine-tuning the ED-ResNet model for transfer learning, high-precision predictions of aerothermal wind tunnel experimental results for different shaped vehicles are achieved under small sample conditions. Verification using hypersonic double-ellipsoid, blunt cone, and blunt bicone shows that after data augmentation, the prediction error of the aerodynamic heat prediction model is significantly reduced to 1/3 of that when data augmentation is not used. Moreover, through transfer learning, the model effectively leverages existing hypersonic double-ellipsoid aerothermal wind tunnel experimental data to achieve high-precision predictions of aerodynamic heat distribution for blunt cone and blunt double cone under different incoming flow conditions, with normalized root mean square error(NRMSE) maintained below 10 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50955,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Science and Technology","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109663"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hanwen Guo , Donghai Jin , Jiancheng Zhang , Hao Yu , Yucheng Dai
{"title":"A quantitative three-dimensional inverse design rule based on cross-flow control of profiled end wall","authors":"Hanwen Guo , Donghai Jin , Jiancheng Zhang , Hao Yu , Yucheng Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ast.2024.109670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Profiled end wall provides a novel and effective solution for end wall flow control in turbines and compressors. However, the application of profiled end walls in compressors still lacks quantitative design rules. This paper presents a quantitative design rule for end wall profiling based on a three-dimensional inverse method and numerically validates it on a highly loaded compressor cascade. The current inverse method can solve the corresponding end wall shape from a given end wall pressure distribution, but the determination of the end wall pressure distribution heavily relies on empirical knowledge. This study establishes a model between streamline curvature and cross-passage pressure gradient (CPG) through the circumferential equilibrium equation in the S1 stream surface, thereby providing a quantitative basis for determining the end wall pressure distribution. The quantitative design rule proposed in this paper is expressed as follows: at the axial position where the separation begins on the suction surface (SS), within the range of 0.1–0.2 pitch away from the SS, the end wall boundary layer fluid with a higher velocity than the corner region average velocity should possess the same streamline curvature as the fluid within the viscous sublayer. The inverse-designed profiled end wall using the quantitative design rule enhances the local cross-flow near the SS by imposing a stronger CPG, thus encouraging the end wall boundary layer fluid with relatively higher momentum to arrive at the SS earlier and enhancing the radial migration on the SS. Consequently, the intensified cross-flow entrains relatively higher momentum into the corner region, while the enhanced radial migration drives the low-momentum fluid away from the corner region towards the midspan. Finally, the inverse-designed profiled end wall reduces the half-span mass-flow-weighted average loss by 4.3%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50955,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace Science and Technology","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 109670"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}