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Genome-Wide Identification of the CYP716 Gene Family in Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC. and Its Role in the Regulation of Triterpenoid Saponin Biosynthesis Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC.中 CYP716 基因家族的全基因组鉴定及其在调节三萜类皂苷合成中的作用
Plants Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141946
Wuhua Zhang, Javed Iqbal, Zhihui Hou, Yingdong Fan, Jie Dong, Chengzhi Liu, Tao Yang, Daidi Che, Jinzhu Zhang, Dawei Xin
{"title":"Genome-Wide Identification of the CYP716 Gene Family in Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC. and Its Role in the Regulation of Triterpenoid Saponin Biosynthesis","authors":"Wuhua Zhang, Javed Iqbal, Zhihui Hou, Yingdong Fan, Jie Dong, Chengzhi Liu, Tao Yang, Daidi Che, Jinzhu Zhang, Dawei Xin","doi":"10.3390/plants13141946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13141946","url":null,"abstract":"The main type of saponins occurring in the root of Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC. are oleanolic acid glycosides. The CYP716 gene family plays a major role in catalyzing the conversion of β-amyrin into oleanolic acid. However, studies on the CYP716 genes in P. grandiflorus are limited, and its evolutionary history remains poorly understood. In this study, 22 PgCYP716 genes were identified, distributed among seven subfamilies. Cis-acting elements of the PgCYP716 promoters were mainly involved in plant hormone regulation and responses to abiotic stresses. PgCYP716A264, PgCYP716A391, PgCYP716A291, and PgCYP716BWv3 genes were upregulated in the root and during saponin accumulation, as shown by RNA-seq analysis, suggesting that these four genes play an important role in saponin synthesis. The results of subcellular localization indicated that these four genes encoded membrane proteins. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of these four genes was proved in the yeast, which catalyzed the conversion of β-amyrin into oleanolic acid. We found that the content of β-amyrin, platycodin D, platycoside E, platycodin D3, and total saponins increased significantly when either of the four genes was over expressed in the transgenic hair root. In addition, the expression of PgSS, PgGPPS2, PgHMGS, and PgSE was also upregulated while these four genes were overexpressed. These data support that these four PgCYP716 enzymes oxidize β-amyrin to produce oleanolic acid, ultimately promoting saponin accumulation by activating the expression of upstream pathway genes. Our results enhanced the understanding of the functional variation among the PgCYP716 gene family involved in triterpenoid biosynthesis and provided a theoretical foundation for improving saponin content and enriching the saponin biosynthetic pathway in P. grandiflorus.","PeriodicalId":509472,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"8 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141640281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The First Domesticated ‘Cheongju Sorori Rice’ Excavated in Korea 韩国首次发掘出驯化的 "清州糙米
Plants Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141948
Yong-Gu Cho, Me-Sun Kim, Kwon-Kyoo Kang, Joong Hyoun Chin, Ju-Kyung Yu, Soowon Cho, Chul-Won Lee, Jun Hyun Cho, Tae-Sik Park, Hak-Soo Suh, M. Heu, Seung-Won Lee, Jong-Yoon Woo, Yung-Jo Lee
{"title":"The First Domesticated ‘Cheongju Sorori Rice’ Excavated in Korea","authors":"Yong-Gu Cho, Me-Sun Kim, Kwon-Kyoo Kang, Joong Hyoun Chin, Ju-Kyung Yu, Soowon Cho, Chul-Won Lee, Jun Hyun Cho, Tae-Sik Park, Hak-Soo Suh, M. Heu, Seung-Won Lee, Jong-Yoon Woo, Yung-Jo Lee","doi":"10.3390/plants13141948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13141948","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeological excavations led by Yung-jo Lee and Jong-yoon Woo were carried out twice at the Sorori paleolithic site, Cheongju, in the Republic of Korea, at the upper stream of the Geumgang river, the Miho riverside. A total of 127 rice seeds were excavated, including 18 ancient rice and 109 Quasi-rice, in 1998 and 2001. At the first excavation, eleven short japonica-type ancient rice and one slender smooth ancient rice with two kinds of Quasi-rice were excavated. The average length of the 11 short rice grains obtained from the first and second excavation was 7.19 mm and the average width was 3.08 mm, respectively. The Quasi-rice are apparently different from the rice and do not have bi-peak protuberances on their glume surface. At the second excavation, six short ancient rice chaffs and some Quasi-rice 2 were found. These short-grained ancient rice were comparable to the ancient rice that were excavated at the Illsan Neolithic site. Geologists and radiologists confirmed that the peat layer in which the rice found was older than 15,000 years. In this study, the morphological characteristics, crushing, and DNA band patterns related to the genetic polymorphism of rice grains in Cheongju Sorori were compared and analyzed for genetic similarities and differences with wild rice, weed rice, and modern rice. The morphological, ecological, and physiological variations in rice grains excavated from the Sorori site were presumed to denote the origin of rice domestication in Korea. It is also suggested that the results of the DNA sequencing of excavated rice are very important clues in estimating the origin of the early domestication of rice.","PeriodicalId":509472,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"4 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141641698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wild-Edible Allium Species from Highlands of Eastern Anatolia: Phytochemical Composition and In Vitro Biological Activities 东安纳托利亚高原的野生食用薤属物种:植物化学成分和体外生物活性
Plants Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141949
Muzaffer Mukemre
{"title":"Wild-Edible Allium Species from Highlands of Eastern Anatolia: Phytochemical Composition and In Vitro Biological Activities","authors":"Muzaffer Mukemre","doi":"10.3390/plants13141949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13141949","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the phytochemical composition, antioxidant (hydrogen atom and single-atom transfer mechanisms), and digestive enzyme inhibitory (alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase) activities of ethanol-based extractions and traditional preparations (infusion) of the leaves of wild-edible Allium species (A. kharputense, A. affine, A. shirnakiense, and A. akaka) from the highlands of Eastern Anatolia. Among the eight extracts analyzed, ethanol extractions of the A. kharputense and A. akaka leaves exhibited better biotherapeutic activities and had the highest bioactive content. The dominant bioactive profile was composed of mainly allicin and phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid, hesperidin, rutin, isoquercitrin, and quercetin) with small amounts of fatty acids. These data were similar to the biological activities and chemical composition of common Allium species and suggest the utilization of the extracts of wild-edible Allium species in the development of Allium-based biotherapeutics or nutraceuticals.","PeriodicalId":509472,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"41 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141643609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phytoremediation Potential of Crotalaria pumila (Fabaceae) in Soils Polluted with Heavy Metals: Evidence from Field and Controlled Experiments Crotalaria pumila(豆科植物)在重金属污染土壤中的植物修复潜力:来自田间和对照实验的证据
Plants Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141947
Miguel Santoyo-Martínez, P. Mussali-Galante, I. Hernández-Plata, L. Valencia-Cuevas, Alexis Rodríguez, M. Castrejón-Godínez, E. Tovar-Sánchez
{"title":"Phytoremediation Potential of Crotalaria pumila (Fabaceae) in Soils Polluted with Heavy Metals: Evidence from Field and Controlled Experiments","authors":"Miguel Santoyo-Martínez, P. Mussali-Galante, I. Hernández-Plata, L. Valencia-Cuevas, Alexis Rodríguez, M. Castrejón-Godínez, E. Tovar-Sánchez","doi":"10.3390/plants13141947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13141947","url":null,"abstract":"Phytoremediation is a useful, low-cost, and environmentally friendly alternative for the rehabilitation of heavy-metal-contaminated (HM) soils. This technology takes advantage of the ability of certain plant species to accumulate HMs in their tissues. Crotalaria pumila is a herbaceous plant with a wide geographical distribution that grows naturally in environments polluted with HMs. In this work, the bioaccumulation capacity of roots and leaves in relation to five HMs (Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn) was evaluated, as well as the morphological changes presented in C. pumila growing in control substrate (without HMs) and mine-tailing substrate (with HMs) under greenhouse conditions for 150 days. Four metals with the following concentration pattern were detected in both tissues and substrates: Fe > Pb > Cu > Zn. Fe, Pb, and Zn concentrations were significantly higher in the roots and leaves of individuals growing on mine-tailing substrate compared to the control substrate. In contrast, Cu concentration increased over time in the exposed individuals. The bioconcentration factor showed a similar pattern in root and leaf: Cu > Fe > Pb > Zn. Around 87.5% of the morphological characters evaluated in this species decreased significantly in individuals exposed to HMs. The bioconcentration factor shows that C. pumila is efficient at absorbing Cu, Fe, and Pb from the mine-tailing substrate, in the root and leaf tissue, and the translocation factor shows its efficiency in translocating Cu from the roots to the leaves. Therefore, C. pumila may be considered as a HM accumulator plant with potential for phytoremediation of polluted soils with Cu, Pb, and Fe, along with the ability to establish itself naturally in contaminated environments, without affecting its germination rates. Also, it exhibits wide geographical distribution, it has a short life cycle, exhibits rapid growth, and can retain the mine-tailing substrate, extracting HMs in a short time.","PeriodicalId":509472,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"60 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141643544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Emerging Disease of Chickpea, Basal Stem Rot Caused by Diaporthe aspalathi in China 中国新出现的鹰嘴豆病害--由基部茎腐病(Diaporthe aspalathi)引起的基部茎腐病
Plants Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141950
Danhua Wang, Dong Deng, Junliang Zhan, Wenqi Wu, Canxing Duan, Suli Sun, Zhendong Zhu
{"title":"An Emerging Disease of Chickpea, Basal Stem Rot Caused by Diaporthe aspalathi in China","authors":"Danhua Wang, Dong Deng, Junliang Zhan, Wenqi Wu, Canxing Duan, Suli Sun, Zhendong Zhu","doi":"10.3390/plants13141950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13141950","url":null,"abstract":"Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important legume crop worldwide. An emerging disease, basal stem rot with obvious wilt symptoms, was observed in the upper part of chickpea plants during the disease survey in Qiubei County of Yunnan Province. Three fungal isolates (ZD36-1, ZD36-2, and ZD36-3) were obtained from the diseased tissue of chickpea plants collected from the field. Those isolates were morphologically found to be similar to Diaporthe aspalathi. Molecular sequence analyses of multiple gene regions (ITS, tef1, tub2, cal, and his3) indicated that the three isolates showed a high identity with D. aspalathi. Pathogenicity and host range tests of the isolates were performed on the original host chickpea and eight other legume crops. The isolates were strongly pathogenic to chickpea and appeared highly pathogenic to soybean, cowpea, and mung bean; moderated or mild pathogenic to adzuki bean and common bean; however, the isolates did not cause symptoms on grass pea (Lathyrus sativus). Diaporthe aspalathi was previously reported as a main pathogen causing the southern stem canker in soybean. To our knowledge, this is the first report of D. aspalathi inducing basal stem rot on chickpea worldwide.","PeriodicalId":509472,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141641124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impacts of Climate Change and Mitigation Strategies for Some Abiotic and Biotic Constraints Influencing Fruit Growth and Quality 气候变化的影响以及针对影响水果生长和质量的一些非生物和生物限制因素的缓解策略
Plants Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141942
E. Bacelar, Teresa Pinto, R. Anjos, Maria Cristina Morais, Ivo Oliveira, A. Vilela, F. Cosme
{"title":"Impacts of Climate Change and Mitigation Strategies for Some Abiotic and Biotic Constraints Influencing Fruit Growth and Quality","authors":"E. Bacelar, Teresa Pinto, R. Anjos, Maria Cristina Morais, Ivo Oliveira, A. Vilela, F. Cosme","doi":"10.3390/plants13141942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13141942","url":null,"abstract":"Factors such as extreme temperatures, light radiation, and nutritional condition influence the physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes associated with fruit development and its quality. Besides abiotic stresses, biotic constraints can also affect fruit growth and quality. Moreover, there can be interactions between stressful conditions. However, it is challenging to predict and generalize the risks of climate change scenarios on seasonal patterns of growth, development, yield, and quality of fruit species because their responses are often highly complex and involve changes at multiple levels. Advancements in genetic editing technologies hold great potential for the agricultural sector, particularly in enhancing fruit crop traits. These improvements can be tailored to meet consumer preferences, which is crucial for commercial success. Canopy management and innovative training systems are also key factors that contribute to maximizing yield efficiency and improving fruit quality, which are essential for the competitiveness of orchards. Moreover, the creation of habitats that support pollinators is a critical aspect of sustainable agriculture, as they play a significant role in the production of many crops, including fruits. Incorporating these strategies allows fruit growers to adapt to changing climate conditions, which is increasingly important for the stability of food production. By investing in these areas, fruit growers can stay ahead of challenges and opportunities in the industry, ultimately leading to increased success and profitability. In this review, we aim to provide an updated overview of the current knowledge on this important topic. We also provide recommendations for future research.","PeriodicalId":509472,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"29 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141647976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of High Salinity and Water Stress on Wetland Grasses from the Spanish Mediterranean Coast 高盐度和水压力对西班牙地中海沿岸湿地禾本科植物的影响
Plants Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141939
Adrián Sapiña-Solano, M. Boscaiu, Francisco Collado, Ó. Vicente, Mario X. Ruiz-González
{"title":"Effects of High Salinity and Water Stress on Wetland Grasses from the Spanish Mediterranean Coast","authors":"Adrián Sapiña-Solano, M. Boscaiu, Francisco Collado, Ó. Vicente, Mario X. Ruiz-González","doi":"10.3390/plants13141939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13141939","url":null,"abstract":"The impacts of climate change are reaching unprecedented levels, heightening the risk of species loss and ecosystem service degradation. Wetlands, highly threatened ecosystems, serve vital ecological functions by capturing carbon, filtering water, and harbouring diverse wildlife. Coastal wetlands encounter many challenges, such as increased drought periods and escalating salinity levels, severely impacting plant biodiversity. Assessing how plants respond to various environmental stress factors is imperative for devising successful conservation strategies. In the present study, we examined three representative grass species found in various habitats within the Albufera Natural Park, close to the city of Valencia on the Spanish Mediterranean coast: Imperata cylindrica, Phragmites australis, and Saccharum ravennae. High salinity and water stress conditions were induced by subjecting the plants to irrigation with solutions containing 200, 400, 600, and 800 mM NaCl or withholding irrigation altogether to mimic coastal flooding and drought scenarios. The treatments were maintained until noticeable wilting of the plants occurred, at which point a range of stress biomarkers were determined, including photosynthetic pigments, ions, osmolytes, oxidative stress markers, and antioxidant metabolites, as well as antioxidant enzyme activities. Saccharum ravennae displayed the highest sensitivity to salt stress, whereas I. cylindrica appeared to be the most tolerant. The primary salinity tolerance mechanism observed in I. cylindrica and P. australis was a blockage of ion transport from the root zone to the aerial part, together with the salt-induced accumulation of proline and soluble sugars to high concentrations in the former. No significant effects of the water deficit treatment on the growth or biochemical parameters were observed for any of the analysed species. These findings offer valuable information for the effective management and conservation of coastal wetlands facing the challenges posed by climate change.","PeriodicalId":509472,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"33 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141646580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mixture of Synthetic Plant Volatiles Attracts More Stick Tea Thrips Dendrothrips minowai Priesner (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and the Application as an Attractant in Tea Plantations 合成植物挥发物的混合物能吸引更多的茶蓟马 Dendrothrips minowai Priesner (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) 并将其用作茶园中的引诱剂
Plants Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141944
Zhengwei Xu, Guowei Zhang, Yan Qiu, Z. Luo, Xiaoming Cai, Zhaoqun Li, Lei Bian, Nanxia Fu, Li Zhou, Fida Hussain Magsi, Zongmao Chen, Xiaoming Zhang, Chunli Xiu
{"title":"Mixture of Synthetic Plant Volatiles Attracts More Stick Tea Thrips Dendrothrips minowai Priesner (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and the Application as an Attractant in Tea Plantations","authors":"Zhengwei Xu, Guowei Zhang, Yan Qiu, Z. Luo, Xiaoming Cai, Zhaoqun Li, Lei Bian, Nanxia Fu, Li Zhou, Fida Hussain Magsi, Zongmao Chen, Xiaoming Zhang, Chunli Xiu","doi":"10.3390/plants13141944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13141944","url":null,"abstract":"The stick tea thrip (Dendrothrips minowai) is one of the most serious sucking pests of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) in China, North Korea, and Japan. Plant volatile lures are widely used for both monitoring and mass trapping. Previously, we demonstrated that sticky traps baited with p-anisaldehyde, eugenol, farnesene, or 3-methyl butanal captured significantly more D. minowai in tea plantations, with p-anisaldehyde notably capturing the most. In this study, we showed that D. minowai adults exhibited significantly higher attraction to mixtures of p-anisaldehyde, eugenol, and farnesene compared to an equivalent dose of p-anisaldehyde alone in H-tube olfactometer assays under laboratory conditions. Moreover, in field experiments conducted in 2022, rubber septa impregnated with a ternary blend of p-anisaldehyde, eugenol, and farnesene (at 3–4.5 mg and a ratio of 3:1:1) captured the highest number of adults on sticky traps, outperforming traps bailed with individual components or a solvent control over two weeks. Significantly, the mass trapping strategy employing these lures achieved control efficacies ranging from 62.8% to 70.7% when compared to traps without attractant, which achieved control efficacies of only 14.2% to 35.4% across three test sites in 2023. These results indicate that the combination of p-anisaldehyde, eugenol, and farnesene exhibits an additive or synergistic effect on D. minowai. In conclusion, our findings establish a theoretical framework and provide practical technological support for integrating attractant-based strategies into comprehensive thrips management strategies.","PeriodicalId":509472,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141646176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring the Organic Acid Secretion Pathway and Potassium Solubilization Ability of Pantoea vagans ZHS-1 for Enhanced Rice Growth 探索迷走盘尾丝菌 ZHS-1 的有机酸分泌途径和钾溶解能力以促进水稻生长
Plants Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141945
Shiqi Tian, Yufeng Xu, Yanglin Zhong, Yaru Qiao, Dongchao Wang, Lei Wu, Xue Yang, Meiying Yang, Zhihai Wu
{"title":"Exploring the Organic Acid Secretion Pathway and Potassium Solubilization Ability of Pantoea vagans ZHS-1 for Enhanced Rice Growth","authors":"Shiqi Tian, Yufeng Xu, Yanglin Zhong, Yaru Qiao, Dongchao Wang, Lei Wu, Xue Yang, Meiying Yang, Zhihai Wu","doi":"10.3390/plants13141945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13141945","url":null,"abstract":"Soil potassium deficiency is a common issue limiting agricultural productivity. Potassium-solubilizing bacteria (KSB) show significant potential in mitigating soil potassium deficiency, improving soil quality, and enhancing plant growth. However, different KSB strains exhibit diverse solubilization mechanisms, environmental adaptability, and growth-promoting abilities. In this study, we isolated a multifunctional KSB strain ZHS-1, which also has phosphate-solubilizing and IAA-producing capabilities. 16S rDNA sequencing identified it as Pantoea vagans. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that strain ZHS-1 severely corroded the smooth, compact surface of potassium feldspar into a rough and loose state. The potassium solubilization reached 20.3 mg/L under conditions where maltose was the carbon source, sodium nitrate was the nitrogen source, and the pH was 7. Organic acid metabolism profiling revealed that strain ZHS-1 primarily utilized the EMP-TCA cycle, supplemented by pathways involving pantothenic acid, glyoxylic acid, and dicarboxylic acids, to produce large amounts of organic acids and energy. This solubilization was achieved through direct solubilization mechanisms. The strain also secreted IAA through a tryptophan-dependent metabolic pathway. When strain ZHS-1 was inoculated into the rhizosphere of rice, it demonstrated significant growth-promoting effects. The rice plants exhibited improved growth and root development, with increased accumulation of potassium and phosphorus. The levels of available phosphorus and potassium in the rhizosphere soil also increased significantly. Additionally, we observed a decrease in the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in the rice rhizosphere soil, while the relative abundance of genera associated with acid production and potassium solubilization, such as Gemmatimonadota, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexi, as well as Cyanobacteria, which are beneficial to plant growth, increased. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the potassium solubilization mechanisms of strain ZHS-1 and highlight its potential as a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria.","PeriodicalId":509472,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"117 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141646894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unlocking the Bioactive Potential and Exploring Novel Applications for Portuguese Endemic Santolina impressa 挖掘葡萄牙特有的 Santolina impressa 的生物活性潜力并探索其新的应用领域
Plants Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141943
J. Alves-Silva, Sónia Pedreiro, M. Zuzarte, Maria Teresa Cruz, A. Figueirinha, Lígia Salgueiro
{"title":"Unlocking the Bioactive Potential and Exploring Novel Applications for Portuguese Endemic Santolina impressa","authors":"J. Alves-Silva, Sónia Pedreiro, M. Zuzarte, Maria Teresa Cruz, A. Figueirinha, Lígia Salgueiro","doi":"10.3390/plants13141943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13141943","url":null,"abstract":"The infusion of Santolina impressa, an endemic Portuguese plant, is traditionally used to treat various infections and disorders. This study aimed to assess its chemical profile by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn and validate its anti-inflammatory potential. In addition, the antioxidant capacity and effects on wound healing, lipogenesis, melanogenesis, and cellular senescence, all processes in which a dysregulated inflammatory response plays a pivotal role, were unveiled. The anti-inflammatory potential was assessed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages, cell migration was determined using a scratch wound assay, lipogenesis was assessed on T0901317-stimulated keratinocytes and melanogenesis on 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX)-activated melanocytes. Etoposide was used to induce senescence in fibroblasts. Our results point out a chemical composition predominantly characterized by dicaffeoylquinic acids and low amounts of flavonols. Regarding the infusion’s bioactive potential, an anti-inflammatory effect was evident through a decrease in nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthase and pro-interleukin-1β protein levels. Moreover, a decrease in fibroblast migration was observed, as well as an inhibition in both intracellular lipid accumulation and melanogenesis. Furthermore, the infusion decreased senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, γH2AX nuclear accumulation and both p53 and p21 protein levels. Overall, this study confirms the traditional uses of S. impressa and ascribes additional properties of interest in the pharmaceutical and dermocosmetics industries.","PeriodicalId":509472,"journal":{"name":"Plants","volume":"110 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141647391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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