气候变化的影响以及针对影响水果生长和质量的一些非生物和生物限制因素的缓解策略

Plants Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI:10.3390/plants13141942
E. Bacelar, Teresa Pinto, R. Anjos, Maria Cristina Morais, Ivo Oliveira, A. Vilela, F. Cosme
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引用次数: 0

摘要

极端温度、光辐射和营养状况等因素会影响与果实发育和质量相关的生理、生化和分子过程。除了非生物胁迫外,生物制约因素也会影响果实的生长和质量。此外,各种胁迫条件之间还可能存在相互作用。然而,预测和归纳气候变化情景对水果物种的生长、发育、产量和质量的季节性模式的风险具有挑战性,因为它们的反应通常非常复杂,涉及多个层面的变化。基因编辑技术的进步为农业部门带来了巨大潜力,尤其是在提高水果作物性状方面。这些改进可以根据消费者的喜好量身定制,这对商业成功至关重要。树冠管理和创新培训系统也是有助于最大限度地提高产量效率和改善水果质量的关键因素,这对果园的竞争力至关重要。此外,创建支持传粉媒介的栖息地也是可持续农业的一个重要方面,因为传粉媒介在包括水果在内的许多作物的生产中发挥着重要作用。采用这些战略可以让水果种植者适应不断变化的气候条件,这对稳定粮食生产越来越重要。通过在这些领域的投资,水果种植者可以在行业的挑战和机遇面前保持领先,最终提高成功率和盈利能力。在本综述中,我们旨在对这一重要课题的现有知识进行最新概述。我们还为今后的研究提出了建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Impacts of Climate Change and Mitigation Strategies for Some Abiotic and Biotic Constraints Influencing Fruit Growth and Quality
Factors such as extreme temperatures, light radiation, and nutritional condition influence the physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes associated with fruit development and its quality. Besides abiotic stresses, biotic constraints can also affect fruit growth and quality. Moreover, there can be interactions between stressful conditions. However, it is challenging to predict and generalize the risks of climate change scenarios on seasonal patterns of growth, development, yield, and quality of fruit species because their responses are often highly complex and involve changes at multiple levels. Advancements in genetic editing technologies hold great potential for the agricultural sector, particularly in enhancing fruit crop traits. These improvements can be tailored to meet consumer preferences, which is crucial for commercial success. Canopy management and innovative training systems are also key factors that contribute to maximizing yield efficiency and improving fruit quality, which are essential for the competitiveness of orchards. Moreover, the creation of habitats that support pollinators is a critical aspect of sustainable agriculture, as they play a significant role in the production of many crops, including fruits. Incorporating these strategies allows fruit growers to adapt to changing climate conditions, which is increasingly important for the stability of food production. By investing in these areas, fruit growers can stay ahead of challenges and opportunities in the industry, ultimately leading to increased success and profitability. In this review, we aim to provide an updated overview of the current knowledge on this important topic. We also provide recommendations for future research.
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