{"title":"A levitated atom-nanosphere hybrid quantum system","authors":"Amy Hopper, Peter F Barker","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/ad19f6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad19f6","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Near-field, radially symmetric optical potentials centred around a levitated nanosphere can be used for sympathetic cooling and for creating a bound nanosphere-atom system analogous to a large molecule. We demonstrate that the long range, Coulomb-like potential produced by a single blue detuned field increases the collisional cross-section by eight orders of magnitude, allowing fast sympathetic cooling of a trapped nanosphere to microKelvin temperatures using cold atoms. By using two optical fields to create a combination of repulsive and attractive potentials, we demonstrate that a cold atom can be bound to a nanosphere creating a new levitated hybrid quantum system suitable for exploring quantum mechanics with massive particles.","PeriodicalId":508829,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Physics","volume":"45 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139390575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Higher-order random network models","authors":"Jinyu Huang, Youxin Hu, Weifu Li, Maoyan Lin","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/ad106a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad106a","url":null,"abstract":"Most existing random network models that describe complex systems in nature and society are developed through connections that indicate a binary relationship between two nodes. However, real-world networks are so complicated that we can only identify many critical hidden structural properties through higher-order structures such as network motifs. Here we propose a framework in which we define higher-order stubs, higher-order degrees, and generating functions for developing higher-order complex network models. Then we develop higher-order random networks with arbitrary higher-order degree distributions. The developed higher-order random networks share critical structural properties with real-world networks, but traditional connection-based random networks fail to exhibit these structural properties. For example, as opposed to connection-based random network models, the proposed higher-order random network models can generate networks with power-law higher-order degree distributions, right-skewed degree distributions, and high average clustering coefficients simultaneously. These properties are also observed on the Internet, the Amazon product co-purchasing network, and collaboration networks. Thus, the proposed higher-order random networks are necessary supplements to traditional connection-based random networks.","PeriodicalId":508829,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Physics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139217615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rodrigo Gutiérrez Cuevas, M. R. Dennis, M. A. Alonso
{"title":"Ray and caustic structure of Ince-Gauss beams","authors":"Rodrigo Gutiérrez Cuevas, M. R. Dennis, M. A. Alonso","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/ad17dc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad17dc","url":null,"abstract":"The Ince-Gauss beams, separable in elliptic coordinates, are studied through a ray-optical approach. Their ray structure can be represented over a ray-Poincaré sphere by generalized Viviani curves (intersections of a cylinder and a sphere). This representation shows two topologically different regimes, in which the curve is composed of one or two loops. The overall beam shape is described by the ray caustics that delimit the beams’ bright regions. These caustics are inferred from the generalized Viviani curve through a geometric procedure that reveals connections with other physical systems and geometrical constructions. Depending on the regime, the caustics are composed either of two confocal ellipses or of segments of an ellipse and a hyperbola that are confocal. The weighting of the rays is shown to follow the two-mode meanfield Gross-Pitaevskii equations, which can be mapped to the equation of a simple pendulum. Finally, it is shown that the wave field can be accurately estimated from the ray description.","PeriodicalId":508829,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Physics","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139318250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vipul Upadhyay, M. T. Naseem, Ozgur Esat Mustecapliouglu, Rahul Marathe
{"title":"Signature of topology via heat transfer analysis in the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) model","authors":"Vipul Upadhyay, M. T. Naseem, Ozgur Esat Mustecapliouglu, Rahul Marathe","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/ad19aa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad19aa","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we explore how thermodynamics can be a potential tool for identifying the topological phase transition. Specifically, we focus on a one-dimensional Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) chain sandwiched between two fermionic baths. To investigate distinctive thermodynamic signatures associated with the topological phase, we employ heat flow analysis. Our results, derived using a global master equation, unveil a significant suppression of heat flow as we transition from the trivial to the topological phase. This decline in heat flow can be attributed to the reduction in transmission coefficients of non-zero energy modes within the topological phase. It may serve as an indicator of a phase transition. Furthermore, we investigate the heat flow asymmetry to search for phase transition indicators. Interestingly, no asymmetry is observed when employing fermionic baths. However, upon substituting fermionic baths with bosonic ones, we report a non-zero heat flow asymmetry. For SSH model with few fermionic sites, this asymmetry is more pronounced in the topological phase compared to the trivial phase. Therefore, the observed behavior of the heat diode provides an additional means of distinguishing between the topological and trivial phases. Finally, we delve into the contributions from both bulk and edge effects in heat flow and rectification to explore the impact of small system sizes on our findings.","PeriodicalId":508829,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Physics","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139323475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Non-equilibrium steady states of electrolyte interfaces","authors":"M. Bier","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/ad19a9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad19a9","url":null,"abstract":"The non-equilibrium steady states of a semi-infinite quasi-one-dimensional univalent binary electrolyte solution, characterised by non-vanishing electric currents, are investigated by means of Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) theory. Exact analytical expressions of the electric field, the charge density and the number density are derived, which depend on the electric current density as a parameter. From a non-equilibrium version of the Grahame equation, which relates the total space charge per cross-sectional area and the corresponding contribution of the electric potential drop, the current-dependent differential capacitance of the diffuse layer is derived. In the limit of vanishing electric current these results reduce to those within Gouy-Chapman theory. It is shown that improperly chosen boundary conditions lead to non-equilibrium steady state solutions of the PNP equations with negative ion number densities. A necessary and sufficient criterion on surface conductivity constitutive relations is formulated which allows one to detect such unphysical solutions.","PeriodicalId":508829,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Physics","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mauricio Arias, J. Triana, Aldo Delgado, Felipe Herrera
{"title":"Coherent anharmonicity transfer from matter to light in the THz regime","authors":"Mauricio Arias, J. Triana, Aldo Delgado, Felipe Herrera","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/ad153b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad153b","url":null,"abstract":"Optical nonlinearities are fundamental in several types of optical information processing protocols. However, the high laser intensities needed for implementing phase nonlinearities using conventional optical materials represent a challenge for nonlinear optics in the few-photon regime. We introduce an infrared cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) approach for imprinting nonlinear phase shifts on individual THz pulses in reflection setups, conditional on the input power. Power-dependent phase shifts on the order of 0.1 π can be achieved with femtosecond pulses of only a few µW input power. The proposed scheme involves a small number of intersubband quantum well transition dipoles evanescently coupled to the near field of an infrared resonator. The field evolution is nonlinear due to the dynamical transfer of spectral anharmonicity from material dipoles to the infrared vacuum, through an effective dipolar chirping mechanism that transiently detunes the quantum well transitions from the vacuum field, leading to photon blockade. We develop analytical theory that describes the dependence of the imprinted nonlinear phase shift on relevant physical parameters. For a pair of quantum well dipoles, the phase control scheme is shown to be robust with respect to inhomogeneities in the dipole transition frequencies and relaxation rates. Numerical results based on the Lindblad quantum master equation validate the theory in the regime where the material dipoles are populated up to the second excitation manifold. In contrast with conventional QED schemes for phase control that require strong light-matter interaction, the proposed phase nonlinearity works best in weak coupling, increasing the prospects for its experimental realization using current nanophotonic technology.","PeriodicalId":508829,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Physics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139337861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Spreng, H. Berthoumieux, A. Lambrecht, Anne-Florence Bitbol, P. M. Maia Neto, S. Reynaud
{"title":"Universal Casimir attraction between filaments at the cell scale","authors":"B. Spreng, H. Berthoumieux, A. Lambrecht, Anne-Florence Bitbol, P. M. Maia Neto, S. Reynaud","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/ad1846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad1846","url":null,"abstract":"The electromagnetic Casimir interaction between dielectric objects immersed in salted water includes a universal contribution that is not screened by the solvent and therefore long-ranged. Here, we study the geometry of two parallel dielectric cylinders. We derive the Casimir free energy by using the scattering method. We show that its magnitude largely exceeds the thermal energy scale for a large parameter range. This includes length scales relevant for actin filaments and microtubules in cells. We show that the Casimir free energy is a universal function of the geometry, independent of the dielectric response functions of the cylinders, at all distances of biological interest. While multiple interactions exist between filaments in cells, this universal attractive interaction should have an important role in the cohesion of bundles of parallel filaments.","PeriodicalId":508829,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Physics","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139368798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantum fluctuations in atomic Josephson junctions: the role of dimensionality","authors":"Andrea Bardin, F. Lorenzi, L. Salasnich","doi":"10.1088/1367-2630/ad127b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad127b","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the role of quantum fluctuations in the dynamics of a bosonic Josephson junction in $D$ spatial dimensions, by using beyond mean-field Gaussian corrections. We derive some key dynamical properties in a systematic way for $D=1, 2, 3$, namely, we compute the Josephson frequency in the low population imbalance limit, and we obtain the critical strength of the macroscopic quantum self-trapping. Our results show that the quantum corrections increase Josephson frequency in the $D=2, 3$ case, and a decrease in the $D=1$ case. Also, we show that the macroscopic quantum self-trapping critical strength is decreased in the $D=2, 3$ case, and increased in the $D=1$ case with respect to the mean-field calculations. We show that the difference between the cases of $D=2$ and $D=3$ on one side, and $D=1$ on the other, can be related to the qualitatively different dependence of the interaction strength on the scattering length in the different dimensions.","PeriodicalId":508829,"journal":{"name":"New Journal of Physics","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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