Advances in Clinical Chemistry最新文献_第2页

D-dimer testing: A narrative review. d -二聚体测试:叙述回顾。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.02.006

L Wauthier, J Favresse, M Hardy, J Douxfils, G Le Gal, P M Roy, N van Es, C Ay, H Ten Cate, T Lecompte, G Lippi, F Mullier

{"title":"D-dimer testing: A narrative review.","authors":"L Wauthier, J Favresse, M Hardy, J Douxfils, G Le Gal, P M Roy, N van Es, C Ay, H Ten Cate, T Lecompte, G Lippi, F Mullier","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.02.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2023.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"D-dimer containing species are soluble fibrin degradation products derived from plasmin-mediated degradation of cross-linked fibrin, i.e., 'D-dimer'. D-dimer can hence be considered a biomarker of in vivo activation of both coagulation and fibrinolysis, the leading clinical application in daily practice of which is ruling out venous thromboembolism (VTE). D-dimer has been further evaluated for assessing the risk of VTE recurrence and helping define optimal duration of anticoagulation treatment in VTE, for diagnosing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and for screening those at enhanced risk of VTE. D-dimer assays should however be performed as intended by regulatory agencies, as their use outside these indications might make them a laboratory-developed test (LDT). This narrative review is aimed at: (1) reviewing the definition of D-dimer, (2) discussing preanalytical variables affecting D-dimer measurement, (3) reviewing and comparing the assays performance and some postanalytical variables (e.g., different units and age-adjusted cutoffs), and (4) discussing the interest of D-dimer measurement across different clinical settings, including pregnancy, cancer, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).","PeriodicalId":50872,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Chemistry","volume":"114 ","pages":"151-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9945694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drinking and laboratory biomarkers, and nutritional status characterize the clinical presentation of early-stage alcohol-associated liver disease. 饮酒和实验室生物标志物以及营养状况表征了早期酒精相关性肝病的临床表现。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-05 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.02.001

Vatsalya Vatsalya, Amor J Royer, Suman Kumar Jha, Ranganathan Parthasarathy, Harsh Tiwari, Wenke Feng, Vijay A Ramchandani, Irina A Kirpich, Craig J McClain

{"title":"Drinking and laboratory biomarkers, and nutritional status characterize the clinical presentation of early-stage alcohol-associated liver disease.","authors":"Vatsalya Vatsalya, Amor J Royer, Suman Kumar Jha, Ranganathan Parthasarathy, Harsh Tiwari, Wenke Feng, Vijay A Ramchandani, Irina A Kirpich, Craig J McClain","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic and heavy alcohol consumption is commonly observed in alcohol use disorder (AUD). AUD often leads to alcohol-associated organ injury, including alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). Approximately 10-20% of patients with AUD progress to ALD. Progression of ALD from the development phase to more advanced states involve the interplay of several pathways, including nutritional alterations. Multiple pathologic processes have been identified in the progression and severity of ALD. However, there are major gaps in the characterization and understanding of the clinical presentation of early-stage ALD as assessed by clinical markers and laboratory measures. Several Institutions and Universities, including the University of Louisville, in collaboration with the National Institutes of Health, have published a series of manuscripts describing early-stage ALD over the past decade. Here, we comprehensively describe early-stage ALD using the liver injury and drinking history markers, and the laboratory biomarkers (with a focus on nutrition status) that are uniquely involved in the development and progression of early-stage ALD.","PeriodicalId":50872,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Chemistry","volume":"114 ","pages":"83-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9928998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hemophilia A: Emicizumab monitoring and impact on coagulation testing. 血友病A: Emicizumab监测及其对凝血试验的影响。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.12.001

Michael A Nardi

{"title":"Hemophilia A: Emicizumab monitoring and impact on coagulation testing.","authors":"Michael A Nardi","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2022.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2022.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"Hemophilia A is an X-linked recessive bleeding disorder characterized by absent or ineffective coagulation factor VIII, a condition that could result in a severe and potentially life-threatening bleed. Although the current standard of care involves prophylactic replacement therapy of factor VIII, the development of neutralizing anti-factor VIII alloantibody inhibitors often complicates such therapeutic treatment. Emicizumab (Hemlibra®), a novel recombinant therapeutic agent for patients with hemophilia A, is a humanized asymmetric bispecific IgG4 monoclonal antibody designed to mimic activated factor VIII by bridging factor IXa and factor X thus effecting hemostasis. Importantly, this drug eliminates the need for factor VIII and complications associated with inhibitor generation. Emicizumab has been approved for use in several countries including the United States and Japan for prophylaxis of bleeding episodes in hemophilia A with and without FVIII inhibitors. Therapy is also approved in the European Union for routine prophylaxis of bleeds in hemophilia A with inhibitors or severe hemophilia A without inhibitors. Unfortunately, emicizumab therapy presents unique challenges for routine and specialty coagulation tests currently used to monitor hemophilia A. In this review, hemophilia A is presented, the biochemistry of factor VIII is discussed, and the impact of the therapeutic agent emicizumab is highlighted.","PeriodicalId":50872,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Chemistry","volume":"113 ","pages":"273-315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10820269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Cortisol: Analytical and clinical determinants. 皮质醇:分析和临床决定因素。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.11.005

Arturo Vega-Beyhart, Marta Araujo-Castro, Felicia A Hanzu, Gregori Casals

{"title":"Cortisol: Analytical and clinical determinants.","authors":"Arturo Vega-Beyhart, Marta Araujo-Castro, Felicia A Hanzu, Gregori Casals","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2022.11.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2022.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"Cortisol, the main human glucocorticoid, is synthesized from cholesterol in the adrenal cortex and predominantly metabolized by the liver. Interpretation of quantitative results from the analysis of serum, urine and saliva is complicated by variation in circadian rhythm, response to stress as well as the presence of protein-bound and free forms. Interestingly, cortisol is the only hormone routinely measured in serum, urine, and saliva. Preanalytical and analytical challenges arise in each matrix and are further compounded by the use of various stimulation and suppression tests commonly employed in clinical practice. Although not yet included in clinical guidelines, measurement of cortisol in hair may be of interest in specific situations. Immunoassays are the most widely used methods in clinical laboratories to measure cortisol, but they are susceptible to interference from synthetic and endogenous steroids, generally producing a variable overestimation of true cortisol results, especially in urine. Analysis by mass spectrometry provides higher specificity and allows simultaneous measurement of multiple steroids including synthetic steroids, thus reducing diagnostic uncertainty. An integrated review of cortisol in various disease states is also addressed.","PeriodicalId":50872,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Chemistry","volume":"113 ","pages":"235-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10820272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Cardiac markers and cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease. 慢性肾脏疾病的心脏标志物与心血管疾病。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.03.001

Ying-Ju Chen, Chih-Chieh Chen, Tze-Kiong Er

引用次数: 0

Protein glycation in diabetes mellitus. 糖尿病中的蛋白糖化。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.11.003

Aleks Shin, Shawn Connolly, Kuanysh Kabytaev

{"title":"Protein glycation in diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Aleks Shin, Shawn Connolly, Kuanysh Kabytaev","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2022.11.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2022.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is the ninth leading cause of mortality worldwide. It is a complex disease that manifests as chronic hyperglycemia. Glucose exposure causes biochemical changes at the proteome level as reflected in accumulation of glycated proteins. A prominent example is hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), a glycated protein widely accepted as a diabetic indicator. Another emerging biomarker is glycated albumin which has demonstrated utility in situations where HbA1c cannot be used. Other proteins undergo glycation as well thus impacting cellular function, transport and immune response. Accordingly, these glycated counterparts may serve as predictors for diabetic complications and thus warrant further inquiry. Fortunately, modern proteomics has provided unique analytic capability to enable improved and more comprehensive exploration of glycating agents and glycated proteins. This review broadly covers topics from epidemiology of diabetes to modern analytical tools such as mass spectrometry to facilitate a better understanding of diabetes pathophysiology. This serves as an attempt to connect clinically relevant questions with findings of recent proteomic studies to suggest future avenues of diabetes research.","PeriodicalId":50872,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Chemistry","volume":"113 ","pages":"101-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10820271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) in kidney diseases. 生长分化因子15 (GDF-15)在肾脏疾病中的作用。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.02.003

Charlotte Delrue, Reinhart Speeckaert, Joris R Delanghe, Marijn M Speeckaert

引用次数: 0

Advances in urinary biomarker research of synthetic cannabinoids. 合成大麻素尿液生物标志物研究进展。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.03.004

Ziteng Wang, Eric Yu Quan Leow, Hooi Yan Moy, Eric Chun Yong Chan

{"title":"Advances in urinary biomarker research of synthetic cannabinoids.","authors":"Ziteng Wang, Eric Yu Quan Leow, Hooi Yan Moy, Eric Chun Yong Chan","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2023.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"New psychoactive substances (NPS) are chemical compounds designed to mimic the action of existing illicit recreational drugs. Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are a subclass of NPS which bind to the cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, and mimic the action of cannabis. SCs have dominated recent NPS seizure reports worldwide. While urine is the most common matrix for drug-of-abuse testing, SCs undergo extensive Phase I and Phase II metabolism, resulting in almost undetectable parent compounds in urine samples. Therefore, the major urinary metabolites of SCs are usually investigated as surrogate biomarkers to identify their consumption. Since seized urine samples after consuming novel SCs may be unavailable in a timely manner, human hepatocytes, human liver microsomes and human transporter overexpressed cell lines are physiologically-relevant in vitro systems for performing metabolite identification, metabolic stability, reaction phenotyping and transporter experiments to establish the disposition of SC and its metabolites. Coupling these in vitro experiments with in vivo verification using limited authentic urine samples, such a two-pronged approach has proven to be effective in establishing urinary metabolites as biomarkers for rapidly emerging SCs.","PeriodicalId":50872,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Chemistry","volume":"115 ","pages":"1-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10533255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in liquid biopsy-based markers in NSCLC. 非小细胞肺癌液体活检标志物研究进展。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.02.004

Xiao-Dong Ren, Ning Su, Xian-Ge Sun, Wen-Man Li, Jin Li, Bo-Wen Li, Ruo-Xu Li, Jing Lv, Qian-Ying Xu, Wei-Long Kong, Qing Huang

{"title":"Advances in liquid biopsy-based markers in NSCLC.","authors":"Xiao-Dong Ren, Ning Su, Xian-Ge Sun, Wen-Man Li, Jin Li, Bo-Wen Li, Ruo-Xu Li, Jing Lv, Qian-Ying Xu, Wei-Long Kong, Qing Huang","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2023.02.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2023.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is the second most-frequently occurring cancer and the leading cause of cancer-associated deaths worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common type of lung cancer is often diagnosed in middle or advanced stages and have poor prognosis. Diagnosis of disease at an early stage is a key factor for improving prognosis and reducing mortality, whereas, the currently used diagnostic tools are not sufficiently sensitive for early-stage NSCLC. The emergence of liquid biopsy has ushered in a new era of diagnosis and management of cancers, including NSCLC, since analysis of circulating tumor-derived components, such as cell-free DNA (cfDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), cell-free RNAs (cfRNAs), exosomes, tumor-educated platelets (TEPs), proteins, and metabolites in blood or other biofluids can enable early cancer detection, treatment selection, therapy monitoring and prognosis assessment. There have been great advances in liquid biopsy of NSCLC in the past few years. Hence, this chapter introduces the latest advances on the clinical application of cfDNA, CTCs, cfRNAs and exosomes, with a particular focus on their application as early markers in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of NSCLC.","PeriodicalId":50872,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Chemistry","volume":"114 ","pages":"109-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9945695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomarkers of oxidative stress and reproductive complications. 氧化应激和生殖并发症的生物标志物。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.11.004

Reinaldo Marín, Cilia Abad, Deliana Rojas, Delia I Chiarello, Teppa-Garrán Alejandro

{"title":"Biomarkers of oxidative stress and reproductive complications.","authors":"Reinaldo Marín, Cilia Abad, Deliana Rojas, Delia I Chiarello, Teppa-Garrán Alejandro","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2022.11.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2022.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance between the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. The assessment of biological redox status is performed by the use of oxidative stress biomarkers. An oxidative stress biomarker is defined as any physical structure or process or chemical compound that can be assessed in a living being (in vivo) or in solid or fluid parts thereof (in vitro), the determination of which is a reproducible and reliable indicator of oxidative stress. The use of oxidative stress biomarkers allows early identification of the risk of developing diseases associated with this process and also opens up possibilities for new treatments. At the end of the last century, interest in oxidative stress biomarkers began to grow, due to evidence of the association between the generation of free radicals and various pathologies. Up to now, a significant number of studies have been carried out to identify and apply different oxidative stress biomarkers in clinical practice. Among the most important oxidative stress biomarkers, it can be mentioned the products of oxidative modifications of lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and uric acid as well as the measurement of the total antioxidant capacity of fluids in the human body. In this review, we aim to present recent advances and current knowledge on the main biomarkers of oxidative stress, including the discovery of new biomarkers, with emphasis on the various reproductive complications associated with variations in oxidative stress levels.","PeriodicalId":50872,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Chemistry","volume":"113 ","pages":"157-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10820270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1