Sociological Bulletin最新文献

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Prospective changes in the age and gender structure of India's population and their socio-economic implications. 印度人口年龄和性别结构的未来变化及其社会经济影响。

Sociological Bulletin Pub Date : 1986-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/0038022919860208

L Visaria, P Visaria

引用次数: 1

Fertility, education, and social change. 生育，教育和社会变革。

Sociological Bulletin Pub Date : 1974-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/0038022919740106

V Punekar

{"title":"Fertility, education, and social change.","authors":"V Punekar","doi":"10.1177/0038022919740106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0038022919740106","url":null,"abstract":"Level of education in India affects the age at marriage, the role of women, the desire to maintain and raise the standard of living, mobility , and cultural values all of which contribute to a couple's motivation to practice birth control. A review of differential fertility studies carried out in different parts of India indicates that generally the level of education and fertility are inversely related. However, the conclusions showing mean fertility at different levels of education are not uniform and this suggests that there is a critical level of education above which self-motivation, the conscious effort at family limitation on the part of the couple, determines the fertility level. Couples with less education may be inspired to practice birth control after reaching a certain parity. In India, level of education, by raising the age of marriage, widening the non-familial role of women, raising the desired standard of living, increasing geographical mobility and inculcating the small family norm, either directly affects fertility or induces the need for a small family. These variables are a direct result of education and operate most effectively upon couples educated at the level of professional and post-graduate degrees. The small family norm can also be instilled in couples with secondary and college levels of education and family planning will be practiced after the desired number of children is reached. Both self-motivation and sustained motivation are almost absent in couples with only primary or less education. Studies indicate that this section of the population will practice birth control only at high parity levels with outside encouragement.","PeriodicalId":508469,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Bulletin","volume":"23 1","pages":"99-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0038022919740106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22033607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Life cycle of families in an urban community. 城市社区家庭的生命周期。

Sociological Bulletin Pub Date : 1963-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/0038022919630104

V P Pethe

{"title":"Life cycle of families in an urban community.","authors":"V P Pethe","doi":"10.1177/0038022919630104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0038022919630104","url":null,"abstract":"This study is based on a sample of 1203 families in the city of Sholapur, conducted in 1955 using a cross-section analytical method based on income and family size, in relation to age of head of household. The nature of the life cycle is representational rather than statisitical. Nearly half the household heads were between ages 26-40; 10% were 15-25; and 40% were over 40. The average family size increased steadily and continuously from 3.9 members when the head was under 20, to 6.6 when the head was 55. The number of dependents at this age increased from 2.7 to 4.6. The average number of earners increased from 1.3 to 2. After age 55 the average family size declined from 6.6 to 5.4 for the 56-60 age group. Until the age of 40 the head of the family is usually the only earner. The son at age 20 begins to earn. At 55 the head may retire, but another son may take his place as an earner. The proportions of families with income below Rs. 500 decreased continuously from about 42%, when the family head was under 20; to 15% when he was between 26-40; rose to 25% between ages 46-50; and declined to 12% at ages 56-60. The proportion rose again to 32% over age 60. The proportion of families below Rs. 1000 decreased from 89% in the 0-20 age group to 41% in the 51-55 group, after which it rose to 64% in the over 60 group. The median income of the family increased continously from Rs. 591 when the head was under 20, and increased to the highest level of Rs. 1275 between ages 51-55.","PeriodicalId":508469,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Bulletin","volume":"12 1","pages":"39-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1963-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0038022919630104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22003844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

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