Ajar-African Journal of Aids Research最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 restrictions on HIV testing services in Malawi: an interrupted time series analysis.","authors":"Barinaadaa Afirima,&nbsp;Ihoghosa O Iyamu,&nbsp;Zeena A Yesufu,&nbsp;Emem Iwara,&nbsp;David Chilongozi,&nbsp;Louis Banda,&nbsp;Emanuel Zenengeya,&nbsp;Chimwemwe Mablekisi,&nbsp;Blackson Matatiyo,&nbsp;Joseph Kuye,&nbsp;Odo Michael,&nbsp;Andrew Gonani,&nbsp;Melchiade Ruberintwari,&nbsp;Ngonidzashe Madidi,&nbsp;Edward Oladele,&nbsp;Chris Akolo","doi":"10.2989/16085906.2023.2197883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2023.2197883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background</i>: Restrictions on public gatherings and movement to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 may have disrupted access and availability of HIV services in Malawi. We quantified the impact of these restrictions on HIV testing services in Malawi.<i>Methods</i>: We conducted an interrupted time series analysis of routine aggregated programme data from 808 public and private, adult and paediatric health facilities across rural and urban communities in Malawi between January 2018 and March 2020 (pre-restrictions) and April to December 2020 (post restrictions), with April 2020 as the month restrictions took effect. Positivity rates were expressed as the proportion of new diagnoses per 100 persons tested. Data were summarised using counts and median monthly tests stratified by sex, age, type of health facility and service delivery points at health facilities. The immediate effect of restriction and post-lockdown outcomes trends were quantified using negative binomial segmented regression models adjusted for seasonality and autocorrelation.<i>Results</i>: The median monthly number of HIV tests and diagnosed people living with HIV (PLHIV) declined from 261 979 (interquartile range [IQR] 235 654-283 293) and 7 929 (IQR 6 590-9 316) before the restrictions, to 167 307 (IQR 161 122-185 094) and 4 658 (IQR 4 535-5 393) respectively, post restriction. Immediately after restriction, HIV tests declined by 31.9% (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.681; 95% CI 0.619-0.750), the number of PLHIV diagnosed declined by 22.8% (IRR 0.772; 95% CI 0.695-0.857), while positivity increased by 13.4% (IRR 1.134; 95% CI 1.031-1.247). As restrictions eased, total HIV testing outputs and the number of new diagnoses increased by an average of 2.3% each month (slope change: 1.023; 95% CI 1.010-1.037) and 2.5% (slope change:1.025; 95% CI 1.012-1.038) respectively. Positivity remained similar (slope change: 1.001; 95% CI 0.987-1.015). Unlike general trends noted, while HIV testing services among children aged <12 months declined 38.8% (IRR 0.351; 95% CI 0.351-1.006) with restrictions, recovery has been minimal (slope change: 1.008; 95% CI 0.946-1.073).<i>Conclusion</i>: COVID-19 restrictions were associated with significant but short-term declines in HIV testing services in Malawi, with differential recovery in these services among population subgroups, especially infants. While efforts to restore HIV testing services are commendable, more nuanced strategies that promote equitable recovery of HIV testing services can ensure no subpopulations are left behind.</p>","PeriodicalId":50833,"journal":{"name":"Ajar-African Journal of Aids Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"92-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9944570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early infant male circumcision: Potential for changing adverse gender norms associated with traditional male circumcision among circumcising communities in Kenya.","authors":"Jacob Onyango,&nbsp;Marylyn Ochillo,&nbsp;Eunice Omanga,&nbsp;Ohaga Spala,&nbsp;Gift-Noelle Wango,&nbsp;Edwin Lwanya,&nbsp;Kawango Agot","doi":"10.2989/16085906.2023.2231912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2023.2231912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction</i>: Traditional male circumcision (TMC) inculcates masculine-dominance norms in young men. Early infant male circumcision (EIMC) and medical male circumcision (MMC) can potentially minimise these adverse gender norms. We explored the perceptions about EIMC and MMC among communities practising TMC in Kenya.<i>Method:</i> We conducted focus group discussions with men and women and councils of elders, and key informant interviews with traditional circumcisers. Data were analysed using NVivo 10.<i>Results:</i> Most participants described MC as a rite of passage into adulthood, with the preferred age for MC to occur at 10 to 15 years old. Interestingly, awareness of the advantages of EIMC, especially among younger men and women, was high. Participants acknowledged that TMC reinforces hegemonic masculinity that undermines gender equality. Except among traditional circumcisers and some members of councils of elders, MMC and female providers were largely deemed acceptable.<i>Conclusion:</i> EIMC and MMC are slowly gaining acceptance, providing important tools to challenge adverse gender norms associated with TMC.</p>","PeriodicalId":50833,"journal":{"name":"Ajar-African Journal of Aids Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"136-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9948608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community health workers can be trained to identify patients eligible for tuberculosis preventive therapy, but encounter barriers to programme implementation in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.","authors":"Sarah Norton,&nbsp;Anthony P Moll,&nbsp;Jabulile Madi,&nbsp;Nkazi Nkomo,&nbsp;Ralph P Brooks,&nbsp;Laurie Andrews,&nbsp;Sheela V Shenoi","doi":"10.2989/16085906.2023.2213213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2023.2213213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide, ranking as the leading cause of death from infectious disease, above HIV and AIDS. South Africa has the sixth highest TB incidence rate in the world and the world's largest HIV epidemic. This study sought to demonstrate the feasibility of community health workers (CHWs) contributing to the implementation of tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT) among people living with HIV and AIDS. Twelve community health workers were trained to test for communicable and non-communicable diseases and screen for TPT eligibility. They visited a select number of homes monthly to conduct screening for HIV, TB and non-communicable diseases. We recorded screening results, rates of referral for TPT, linkage to care - defined as being seen in the clinic for TPT - and treatment initiation. Among the 1 279 community members screened, 248 were identified as living with HIV, 99 (39.9%) individuals were identified as eligible for TPT, and 46 (46.5%) were referred to care. Among those referred, the median age was 39 (IQR 30-48) and 29 (63%) linked to care; 11 (37.9%) of those linked subsequently initiated treatment. In rural South Africa, it is feasible to train CHWs to identify and refer patients eligible for TPT, but losses occurred at each step of the cascade. CHWs can facilitate TPT implementation, although further implementation research exploring and addressing barriers to TPT (on an individual, provider and systems level) should be prioritised to optimise their role in rural resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":50833,"journal":{"name":"Ajar-African Journal of Aids Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"131-135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9934658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV-sensitive social protection: an assessment of east and southern Africa's social protection policies and programmes.","authors":"Zitha Mokomane,&nbsp;Nonhlanhla Xaba,&nbsp;Kai Roehm,&nbsp;Mutinta Hambayi,&nbsp;Manaan Mumma,&nbsp;Giovanni Giordana,&nbsp;Simphiwe Mabhele,&nbsp;Christian Mouala","doi":"10.2989/16085906.2023.2203131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2023.2203131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite notable political and financial commitment to fight the HIV epidemic, east and southern Africa (ESA) remains the world regions most affected. Given increasing calls for the implementation of HIV-sensitive social protection programmes to address the multiple individual, community and societal factors that heighten the risk of HIV infection, this article explores the extent to which social protection mechanisms in the region are HIV sensitive. The article is based on a two-phase project where the first phase entailed a desktop review of national social protection policies and programmes. In the second phase, multisectoral stakeholder consultations conducted were 15 fast-track countries in the region. The key findings suggest that social protection policies and social assistance programmes in ESA do not specifically target HIV issues or people living with, at risk of, or affected by HIV. Rather, and in line with the countries' constitutional provisions, the programmes tend to be inclusive of the vulnerabilities of various populations including people living with HIV. To this end, the programmes can be seen as generally sufficient to encompass HIV-related issues and the needs of people infected and affected by the epidemic. However, a recurring argument from many stakeholders is that, to the extent that people living with HIV are often reluctant to either disclose their status and/or access social protection services, it is critical for social protection policies and programmes to be explicitly HIV sensitive. The article thus concludes by making recommendations in this regard as well as by making a class for multisectoral partners to work collaboratively to ensure that social protection policies and programmes are transformative.</p>","PeriodicalId":50833,"journal":{"name":"Ajar-African Journal of Aids Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"113-122"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9934659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Provider perspectives on antiretroviral therapy adherence among psychiatric inpatients in Botswana.","authors":"Maria Albin Qambayot,&nbsp;Sarita Naidoo","doi":"10.2989/16085906.2023.2213211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2023.2213211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial for the effective management of HIV. Mental disorders often co-occur with HIV infection which often compromises ART adherence. Little is known about ART adherence in psychiatric settings in sub-Saharan Africa.<i>Aims:</i> This study aimed at exploring the health care providers' perspectives on ART adherence among psychiatric inpatients. The study further assessed the facilitators and strategies enhancing ART adherence in hospitalised psychiatric patients.<i>Methods:</i> In-depth interviews were conducted with 25 health care providers at the Sbrana Psychiatric Hospital in Botswana. Interviews were focused on barriers and facilitators to psychiatric inpatients' adherence to ART, and strategies and recommendations to support adherence. Data were manually analysed using a thematic analysis approach.<i>Results:</i> Key barriers were lack of insight, HIV-related stigma, lack of HIV-related knowledge, antiretroviral side effects and delays in re-initiating ART. Facilitators of ART adherence included motivation to be discharged from the hospital, fear of being sick, peer support, longer duration of hospitalisation, good provider-patient relationships, good diet, privacy and confidentiality and a single-tablet regimen. Health care providers described the various strategies currently used to support adherence, including directly observed therapy and family support, and recommended potential approaches to enhance psychiatric inpatient adherence to ART, including the use of injectable antiretrovirals and the introduction of halfway house centres.<i>Conclusions:</i> Findings from this study revealed unique insights into the numerous factors that influence ART adherence among psychiatric inpatients, and underscore the need to implement tailored strategies to support ART adherence in this population with complex health needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":50833,"journal":{"name":"Ajar-African Journal of Aids Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"123-130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9940774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial support services to enhance well-being of orphaned and vulnerable learners in Eswatini early childhood centres and primary schools.","authors":"Patronella Bimha,&nbsp;Maureen Nokuthula Sibiya","doi":"10.2989/16085906.2023.2203128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2023.2203128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Eswatini (formerly Swaziland), the increasing number of orphans and vulnerable children due to HIV/AIDS has spurred demand for psychosocial support services. When the Ministry of Education and Training assumed responsibility for delivering psychosocial support, educators were burdened with the additional role of looking after orphans and vulnerable learners. This exploratory, sequential, mixed-methods study was employed to analyse factors that enhance the provision of psychosocial support services and the perceptions of educators towards psychosocial support delivery. The qualitative study phase entailed 16 in-depth interviews with multi-sectoral psychosocial support specialists and seven focus group discussions with orphans and vulnerable learners. In the quantitative study phase, 296 educators were surveyed. Thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data, and the quantitative data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 software. The findings reveal problems associated with psychosocial support service delivery at strategy, policy and operational levels. The results indicate that orphans and vulnerable children are offered material support (e.g. food and sanitary pads) and spiritual support, but were rarely referred for social and psychological needs. There were no proper counselling facilities and not all teachers received relevant training in children's psychosocial needs. Training of educators in specific psychosocial support areas was considered significant to enhance service delivery and the psychosocial well-being of the learners. Overall, accountability was difficult to establish because the administration of psychosocial support is split among the Ministry of Education and Training, the Deputy Prime Minister's office and Tinkhundla administration. There is unequal distribution of qualified early childhood development teachers to cater for early childhood educational needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":50833,"journal":{"name":"Ajar-African Journal of Aids Research","volume":"22 2","pages":"102-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9940775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with buying sex and the knowledge that condoms prevent HIV among long-distance truck drivers at Kazungula weighbridge terminal, Chobe District, Botswana.","authors":"Wada Gaolaolwe,&nbsp;Mathildah Mokgatle","doi":"10.2989/16085906.2023.2176331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2023.2176331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background</i>: Long-distance truck drivers (LDTDs) have a higher rate of HIV infection compared to the general population. This is due to their living and working conditions which predispose them to riskier sexual behaviours. Inadequate knowledge of HIV and AIDS, coupled with risky sexual behaviours such as unprotected sex with commercial sex workers (CSWs), predisposes LDTDs to contract and propagate HIV. This study aims to determine the factors associated with buying sex and the knowledge that condoms prevent HIV transmission among long-distance truck drivers at Kazungula weighbridge terminal in the Chobe District of Botswana.<i>Methods</i>: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was employed and 399 LDTDs participated. A questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data and information on knowledge of HIV and AIDS and the sexual behaviours of the LDTDs.<i>Results</i>: The results reveal that more than half of the LDTDs (56.9%; <i>n</i> = 227) had paid for sex with CSWs at some point in their travels, and 27.1% (<i>n</i> = 108) reported having had unprotected sex with CSWs. The LDTDs who preferred to have sex with CSWs without a condom had about five times the odds of buying sex with CSWs than those who preferred to use a condom (AOR 4.9; 95% CI 2.85-8.46). Disliking condom use was a factor contributing to less knowledge of condom use preventing HIV among the LDTDs (AOR 0.4; CI 0.17-0.97).<i>Conclusion</i>: It can be concluded from the results of this study that the LDTDs engage in considerable risky sexual behaviours, and associated factors were found to be multidimensional. This population remains of concern in HIV acquisition and transmission. Therefore, there is a need for a robust public health response to deal with the problem of both new infection and re-infection with HIV in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":50833,"journal":{"name":"Ajar-African Journal of Aids Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"35-45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9360737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of multi-month antiretroviral dispensing on HIV clinic attendance at 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital, Yaba, Nigeria.","authors":"Nkechinyere Harrison,&nbsp;Ismail Lawal,&nbsp;Kehinde Aribisala,&nbsp;Kenneth Oruka,&nbsp;Yakubu Adamu,&nbsp;Patricia Agaba,&nbsp;Elizabeth Lee,&nbsp;Laura Chittenden,&nbsp;Nathan Okeji","doi":"10.2989/16085906.2023.2188232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2023.2188232","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multi-month dispensing (MMD) of antiretroviral therapy has demonstrated benefits for HIV patients and health service delivery systems, including reduced frequency of hospital visits and improved retention. We evaluated the effect of 6-monthly dispensing (MMD6) on patient clinic attendance at a single military facility in the one-year pre- and post-policy change. Methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study, exploring the relationship between MMD6 and clinic attendance numbers. We reviewed aggregate clinic attendance records for clients on ART and documented monthly trends in clinic attendance numbers, number of clients current on ART, and amount of ART dispensed. Results: In the pre-MMD6 group, 4 150 patients were included, and 4 190 in the post-MMD6 group. Clinic attendance was 30 407 visits (16 111 pre-MMD6 and 14 296 post-MMD6). An overall mean increase of 326.58 ± 861.81 (95% CI = −874.15 ± 220.98) drugs were dispensed per month; t(11) = −1.31, p = 0.22; mean monthly clinic attendance declined from 1342.8 ± 220.10 visits pre-MMD6 to 1191.33 ± 309.10 post-MMD6 with t(11) = 1.601, p = 0.14, but was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Six-monthly dispensing can be an important tool to reduce HIV clinic volumes and improve antiretroviral access. It is particularly important for care continuity in military facilities where service members may be deployed or transferred to other bases along with their dependents.","PeriodicalId":50833,"journal":{"name":"Ajar-African Journal of Aids Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"63-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9521596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV infections averted at PEPFAR-APIN clinics in Nigeria: a ten-year retrospective evaluation of the clinical outcomes of post-exposure prophylaxis services.","authors":"Abdulmuminu Isah,&nbsp;Nneka Uchenna Igboeli,&nbsp;Obinna Felix Dim,&nbsp;Azubuike Amos Ekwuofu","doi":"10.2989/16085906.2023.2178317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2023.2178317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction:</i> Nigeria contributes a high fraction to the global burden of HIV infections. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is a proven strategy to prevent transmission of the virus. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical outcomes of PEP in Nigeria at four clinics funded by United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and AIDS Prevention Initiative in Nigeria (PEPFAR-APIN): Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH), University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH) and University College Hospital (UCH).<i>Methods:</i> This study adopted a multisite retrospective design using the site's databases (2006-2016). Retrieved data was exported into SPSS version 25 for statistical analysis. Outcomes were measured as a proportion of HIV infections averted after PEP. Frequencies and percentages were used to describe the findings, while binary logistic regression was used to determine the sociodemographic predictors of clinical outcomes.<i>Results:</i> The average age of the 575 PEP patients whose data were retrieved was 30.45 (SD ±9.50 years), with 344 (59.8%) being females. Out of 545 patients,157 (28.8%) indicated their job status as students. Out of 273 patients, 198 (72.5%) reported their exposure type was non-occupational. The HIV status of 129 (22.4%) patients was negative after completing PEP. Prescribed regimen (β = -0.048, 95% CI -0.095 to -0.001, <i>p</i> = 0.045) and type of exposure (β = 0.351, 95% CI 0.042-0.660, <i>p</i> = 0.027) were predictors of post-PEP HIV status in JUTH and ABUTH respectively.<i>Conclusion:</i> There was a high rate of lost-to-follow-up among the PEP patients, but the incidence of seroconversion was low in those who were tested after PEP. The right choice of regimen and presenting with non-occupational exposure affected the outcome of the service.</p>","PeriodicalId":50833,"journal":{"name":"Ajar-African Journal of Aids Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"46-53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9360738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.2989/16085906.2023.2202504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2023.2202504","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50833,"journal":{"name":"Ajar-African Journal of Aids Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9357631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}