Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series最新文献

{"title":"Review article: the role of sleep in the pathogenesis of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease","authors":"W. C. ORR","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00070.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00070.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Night-time heartburn is common in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and its consequences in terms of sleep disturbance and subsequent effects on daytime functioning are substantial.</p>\u0000 <p>Most patients with night-time heartburn indicate that it is more bothersome than daytime heartburn. A significant odds ratio has been described between night-time heartburn and daytime sleepiness and fatigue.</p>\u0000 <p>Sleep-related gastro-oesophageal reflux has characteristics that distinguish it from waking reflux and that have been shown to enhance the risk of the development of reflux oesophagitis. Swallowing and salivary flow are markedly diminished during sleep and behavioural arousal responses to acid mucosal contact are blunted due to the depressed consciousness of the sleeping state. These sleep-related changes conspire to prolong acid mucosal contact, which in turn increases the likelihood of significant hydrogen ion back-diffusion and the risk of oesophageal damage.</p>\u0000 <p>An awareness of the presence of night-time heartburn suggests significant sleep-related gastro-oesophageal reflux and this should be assessed in order to optimally treat gastro-oesophageal reflux disease patients.</p>\u0000 <p>Consideration of PPI treatment should involve an assessment of its effectiveness in maintaining acid suppression throughout the sleeping interval.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"3 1","pages":"23-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00070.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"104147679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review article: a conceptual model for the relationship of nocturnal acidity and extra-oesophageal manifestations of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease - where are we now?","authors":"R. SHAKER","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00071.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00071.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A number of extra-oesophageal abnormalities ranging from otolaryngologic disorders and dysphonia to non-cardiac chest pain and sleep disturbances have been attributed to gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. A significant degree of uncertainty and confusion continues to exist with regard to the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of these conditions.</p>\u0000 <p>The following conceptual model could be proposed for the pathogenesis of the extra-oesophageal manifestations of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and, consequently, the likely response to therapy.</p>\u0000 <p>This model suggests that these disorders are, in fact, multifactorial and that the contributions of refluxed gastric contents comprise only part of the pathogenesis. In the case of asthma, for example, factors that influence airway resistance and symptom production include basal airway resistance, intra-oesophageal events, such as acid reflux-stimulating vagal afferent fibres and inducing further airway changes, and extra-oesophageal, allergic and other pulmonary factors that can influence airway resistance. This model allows for different degrees of influence from these three main contributors. In this model, if gastro-oesophageal reflux disease-related events contribute minimally to the changes in airway resistance compared with other factors, treating gastro-oesophageal acid reflux would result in minimal or no change in symptoms and vice versa.</p>\u0000 <p>At present, as it is difficult to identify prospectively those patients in whom reflux comprises the main pathological factor, and who might therefore respond to acid suppression, a trial of empiric proton-pump inhibitor therapy with reflux precautionary measures seems appropriate and has been suggested by some expert panels.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"3 1","pages":"31-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00071.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"108279662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and endoscopic prediction of cytapheresis therapy in patients with refractory and steroid-dependent ulcerative colitis","authors":"K. WATANABE,&nbsp;N. OSHITANI,&nbsp;N. KAMATA,&nbsp;M. INAGAWA,&nbsp;H. YAMAGAMI,&nbsp;K. HIGUCHI,&nbsp;T. ARAKAWA","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00038.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00038.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recently, it has been proved in Japan that granulocyte and monocyte adsorption apheresis (GCAP) and leukocytapheresis (LCAP) are effective and safe for patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the efficacy of GCAP and LCAP in patients with active UC, and the use of endoscopic findings in predicting efficacy, especially in refractory and steroid-dependent cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Subjects and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-four patients with active UC (24 refractory to conventional therapy and 10 steroid-dependent) were treated with GCAP (<i>n</i> = 21) or LCAP (<i>n</i> = 13). The patients received one or two GCAP or LCAP sessions per week for 5 consecutive weeks, with colonoscopy before and after each session.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>About 70% of the patients achieved a clinical response, and no severe adverse effects were observed. Most steroid-dependent patients or patients who had side effects due to steroids were controlled successfully. Endoscopically, 14 of 16 cases with shallow ulcers and erosion throughout the colon and 10 of 15 with deep ulcerations responded to treatment. However, three with massive ulceration of the whole mucosa did not respond.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>GCAP or LCAP are valuable therapies for refractory or steroid-dependent UC, and endoscopic findings are helpful in predicting clinical effectiveness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"147-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00038.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73225213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous ghrelin administration enhances gastric acid secretion – evaluation using wireless pH capsule","authors":"M. MORI,&nbsp;H. SUZUKI,&nbsp;T. MASAOKA,&nbsp;H. IMAEDA,&nbsp;Y. NOMOTO,&nbsp;H. HOSODA,&nbsp;T. NISHIZAWA,&nbsp;K. KANGAWA,&nbsp;T. HIBI","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00031.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00031.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ghrelin, a recently discovered peptide hormone, has been shown to be produced mainly by the A-like cells of the gastric mucosa. Ghrelin not only stimulates growth hormone (GH) release but also promotes gastric motility. While the effect of ghrelin on the gastric acid secretion in rats has been reported, no such reports appeared to date from studies in humans.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the effect of ghrelin administration on the gastric pH in humans, using a novel wireless pH capsule (Bravo, Medtronic, Shoreview, MN, USA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four healthy volunteers (male; average age, 35.0 years; <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>-negative) were enrolled. The pH capsule was attached endoscopically to the gastric mucosa and the data were transmitted to a portable receiver. Thirty minutes after a stabilization period, synthetic ghrelin (5 <i>μ</i>g/kg body weight) was injected intravenously into the subjects and the data were monitored for more than 120 min while the subjects lay supine.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The average minimum gastric pH in four cases (1.2 ± 0.10) was significantly decreased after injection of ghrelin, as compared with the basal pH value (1.8 ± 0.06). The serum gastrin level, however, showed no change after the ghrelin injection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results suggest that exogenous ghrelin could enhance gastric acid secretion in humans.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"96-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00031.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72705559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of alcohol metabolism in humans using the non-invasive [13C]-ethanol breath test – influence of gender, Helicobacter pylori infection and polymorphism of alcohol-oxidizing enzymes","authors":"M. SUZUKI,&nbsp;S. TANAKA,&nbsp;H. KOMATSU,&nbsp;T. NAKANE,&nbsp;N. SASAKI,&nbsp;K. MARUYAMA,&nbsp;H. SUZUKI,&nbsp;H. ISHII,&nbsp;M. SUEMATSU,&nbsp;T. HIBI","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00042.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00042.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The [¹³C]-ethanol breath test (EBT) has been proposed as a novel non-invasive laboratory test to detect the degradation of ethanol into CO₂. However, this method has not yet been evaluated clinically.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the factors that influence [¹³C]-EBT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-six healthy volunteers were instructed to drink 100 mL of beer (4 g ethanol) containing 100 <i>μ</i>L of [¹³C]-ethanol. Breath samples were collected every 15 min before and after the intake of ethanol solution and ¹³CO₂-enrichment was measured using mass spectrometry. CO₂ excretion was then calculated, and the results were evaluated using kinetic parameters (<i>T</i>_max, <i>C</i>_max, AUC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p> <i>T</i>\u0000 _max (min) was significantly shorter in men than in women but not <i>C</i>_max and AUC. Infection with <i>H. pylori</i> had no impact on all kinetic parameters. Genetic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) polymorphisms did not affect ¹³CO₂ excretion, but <i>C</i>_max (11.1 ± 3.4% dose/h, <i>n</i> = 16) and AUC (10.5 ± 3.4% dose) were slightly increased in aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-deficient individuals (heterozygote of ALDH2*2) (13.2 ± 3.2 and 12.9 ± 4.5, respectively; <i>n</i> = 10).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>[¹³C]-EBT is capable of assessing the metabolic processing of 100 mL beer in a non-invasive way. Kinetic parameters are partially influenced by ALDH polymorphism but not by gender, <i>H. pylori</i> infection or ADH polymorphism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"177-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00042.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90043373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction between Helicobacter pylori and immune response to CagA: CagA antibody may down-regulate bacterial colonization and tyrosine phosphorylation","authors":"R. DEGUCHI,&nbsp;K. WATANABE,&nbsp;Y. KOGA,&nbsp;H. KIJIMA,&nbsp;A. TAKAGI","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00035.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00035.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CagA⁺<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> strains are associated with the development of gastroduodenal diseases. <i>H. pylori</i> possess a type IV secretion system that is responsible for the translocation of CagA into host cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the correlation between the CagA status and the severity of histological gastritis and to analyse the tyrosine phosphorylation of CagA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 149 <i>H. pylori</i> status was determined via urine antibody to <i>H. pylori</i>, histological examination and serum antibody against CagA. Histological gastritis was evaluated using the updated Sydney system and scored from 0 to 3. Tyrosine phosphorylation was analysed using immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anti-CagA titres were correlated with the severity of mononuclear cell infiltration. In contrast, mean anti-CagA in patients with grade 2 bacterial density was significantly higher than those with grade 0 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01). Mean anti-titre in patients with grade 3 tended to be lower than that seen with grade 2. CagA tyrosine phosphorylation was significantly more common in bacteria isolated from CagA-antibody-negative patients (93%;13/14) than from CagA-antibody-positive patients (29%; 4/14, <i>P</i> = 0.0007).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Host–bacteria interaction is regarded as one of the important factors in the development of gastroduodenal diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"127-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00035.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87276763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review article: fast acid control and rapid symptom relief for patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease – the evidence from proton pump inhibitor studies","authors":"P. BYTZER","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00063.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00063.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Because of their potent, rapid antisecretory effects, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the mainstay of treatment for patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD), providing fast symptom relief and increased mucosal healing.</p>\u0000 <p>A review of the clinical data suggests that subpopulations of patients with GERD – non-erosive symptomatic GERD (NERD), and erosive oesophagitis (EO) – derive significant benefits from fast-acting PPIs. Patients with EO receiving fast-acting PPIs experienced rapid relief of daytime and night-time heartburn and related symptoms, with associated increases in quality of life (QoL). Similar benefits were observed for patients with NERD. Patients with EO and NERD showed significant symptom relief within the first day of treatment, which was most evident following lansoprazole, esomeprazole and rabeprazole. When used as long-term on-demand/intermittent therapy, fast-acting PPIs significantly improved symptom relief and patient's QoL by reducing treatment discontinuation rates.</p>\u0000 <p>In conclusion, fast-acting antisecretory PPIs should be considered as optimal therapy for rapid symptom relief in different patient subpopulations with GERD.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 2","pages":"327-339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00063.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"110780268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased levels of plasma ghrelin in peptic ulcer disease","authors":"H. SUZUKI,&nbsp;T. MASAOKA,&nbsp;Y. NOMOTO,&nbsp;H. HOSODA,&nbsp;M. MORI,&nbsp;T. NISHIZAWA,&nbsp;Y. MINEGISHI,&nbsp;K. KANGAWA,&nbsp;T. HIBI","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00034.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00034.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ghrelin is a novel appetite-promoting peptide secreted primarily from the A-like cells in the gastric fundic mucosa. As gastric inflammation caused by <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection extends, the number of ghrelin-producing A-like cells is diminished and gastric ghrelin content decreases significantly. We previously reported that plasma levels of ghrelin, which correlated well with the serum levels of pepsinogen (PG) I and PG I/II ratio, decreased as gastric mucosal atrophy increased in non-ulcerogenic conditions and that plasma ghrelin level increased in rats with cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the plasma levels of ghrelin in patients with peptic ulcer disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two hundred and eighty-six patients with epigastric symptoms, who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, were enrolled. Blood samples were collected after a 12-h fast before endoscopy. Patients were divided into four groups, namely chronic gastritis with high PG (<i>n</i> = 197), chronic gastritis with low PG (<i>n</i> = 58), duodenal ulcer (<i>n</i> = 14) and gastric ulcer (<i>n</i> = 17) and plasma concentrations of total and active ghrelin as well as serum concentrations of PG I and PG II were measured by radioimmunoassay. Six patients with duodenal ulcer and seven with gastric ulcer were also examined after ulcer healing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plasma ghrelin levels were significantly higher in patients with duodenal ulcer or gastric ulcer than in those without ulcers. Elevated plasma total ghrelin levels did not significantly change after the healing of ulcers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plasma ghrelin levels were significantly higher in patients with peptic ulcer than in those with gastritis without ulcer. This finding suggests a possible relationship between mucosal injury susceptibility and elevated fasting plasma ghrelin.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"120-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00034.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137558119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori eradication prevents the development of gastric cancer – results of a long-term retrospective study in Japan","authors":"M. KATO,&nbsp;M. ASAKA,&nbsp;T. NAKAMURA,&nbsp;T. AZUMA,&nbsp;E. TOMITA,&nbsp;T. KAMOSHIDA,&nbsp;K. SATO,&nbsp;T. INABA,&nbsp;D. Shirasaka,&nbsp;S. OKAMOTO,&nbsp;S. TAKAHASHI,&nbsp;S. TERAO,&nbsp;K. SUWAKI,&nbsp;H. ISOMOTO,&nbsp;H. YAMAGATA,&nbsp;H. NOMURA,&nbsp;K. YAGI,&nbsp;Y. SONE,&nbsp;T. URABE,&nbsp;T. AKAMATSU,&nbsp;S. OHARA,&nbsp;A. TAKAGI,&nbsp;J. MIWA,&nbsp;S. INATSUCHI","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00046.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00046.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This large-scale study was designed to investigate the incidence of gastric cancer after <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) eradication in Japan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was a retrospective multicentre study performed at 23 centres in Japan. Patients in whom <i>H. pylori</i> had been successfully eradicated and those in whom the infection persisted were entered into the study if they had undergone an upper endoscopic examination at least once a year for five consecutive years. The incidence rates of gastric cancer during follow-up were compared between those whose infections had been successfully eradicated and those with persistent <i>H. pylori</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three-thousand twenty-one patients were enrolled. The median follow-up was 7.7 years for the infected group and 5.9 years for the eradicated group. Gastric cancer developed in 23 (1%) of those in whom <i>H. pylori</i> was successfully eradicated compared with 44 (4%) of those with persistent <i>H. pylori</i> infection (OR = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.22–0.62).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This large-scale retrospective clinical study in Japan, which has a high mortality rate for gastric cancer, indicates that <i>H. pylori</i> eradication may prevent the development of gastric cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"203-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00046.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74183517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy modulates acidity and interleukin-1β mRNA levels in un-operated stomach and in remnant stomach after gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients","authors":"S. KATO,&nbsp;N. MATSUKURA,&nbsp;N. MATSUDA,&nbsp;K. TSUKADA,&nbsp;Z. NAITO,&nbsp;T. TAJIRI","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00057.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00057.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A number of studies have indicated that <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> eradication therapy helps prevent secondary cancers in the stomach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the risk of secondary cancer in the residual stomach after gastrectomy by comparing molecular biomarkers from stomach mucosa biopsies and the pH of gastric juice between <i>H. pylori</i> patients with and without gastrectomy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Conventional <i>H. pylori</i> eradication therapy was administered to 22 patients who had undergone gastrectomy and to 37 un-operated patients. We measured pH levels of gastric juice, and collected stomach mucosa biopsy specimens by gastrointestinal fiberscopy. The mRNA expression levels of interleukin-1<i>β</i>, interleukin-8 and cyclo-oxygenase 2 in the biopsy tissues were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Interleukin-1<i>β</i> levels in the antrum of un-operated <i>H. pylori</i>-positive patients showed a reverse correlation with pH levels in the gastric lumen (correlation coefficient: −0.50, <i>P</i> = 0.007). After eradication, pH levels were strongly associated with interleukin-1<i>β</i> mRNA levels, <i>r</i> = 0.83, <i>P</i> = 0.01, which, in the remnant stomach mucosa, decreased from 22.5 to 4.6 in the anastomosis and from 3.1 to 2.4 in the upper corpus, with a simultaneous and statistically significant decrease in pH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Interleukin-1<i>β</i> mRNA levels correlated with pH levels in the remnant stomach. This indicates that eradication therapy may contribute not only to a reduction in these cancer-associated cytokines, but also to an improvement in the internal environment of the remnant stomach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"278-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00057.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137547587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}