{"title":"Effects of Class II elastics during growth on the functional occlusal plane according to skeletal pattern and extraction vs nonextraction.","authors":"Moshe Davidovitch, Evangelos Konstantarakis, Vottas Athanasios, Tatiana Sella-Tunis","doi":"10.2319/051521-381.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/051521-381.1","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of Class II intermaxillary elastics on the functional occlusal plane (FOP) of growing patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 50 participants aged 11 to 16 years were selected from a university clinic archive >1-year after treatment and after undergoing 6 months of Class II elastic wear, taking pretreatment (T0) and posttreatment (T1) lateral cephalometric radiographs, and consenting to participate at recall (T2). Participants were divided into 3 groups according to skeletal pattern or into 2 groups according to treatment with extraction (E) or nonextraction (NE). Angular changes of FOP relative to the Sella-Nasion (SN), mandibular plane (MP), and Frankfort horizontal (FH) were compared within and between groups. RESULTS A statistically significant reduction of FOP-SN/FH, but not of FOP-MP, was found from T0-T1-T2 when all patients were grouped together. FOP-SN/MP/FH was significantly the largest in the patients with a hyperdivergent skeletal pattern, but lowest in the patients with a hypodivergent skeletal pattern at T0, T1, and T2 (P < .032). FOP-MP at T0-T2 was statistically larger in group E than in group NE (P < .02). No differences were found for FOP changes (change before treatment minus after treatment and change after treatment minus 1 year after treatment) between different skeletal patterns (P > .433) and treatment groups (P > .193). CONCLUSIONS Use of Class II elastics during the growth period was not found to show adverse effects on FOP rotation. Neither skeletal pattern nor treatment modality differed in the response to Class II elastics with regard to FOP changes. Individual patient growth pattern must be taken into consideration when treatment planning the use of Class II elastics. Orthodontists should take into account individual skeletal and growth patterns while using Class II elastics.","PeriodicalId":50790,"journal":{"name":"Angle Orthodontist","volume":"93 1","pages":"19-25"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9797140/pdf/i1945-7103-93-1-19.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10491547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of maxillary and mandibular extrusion arches on dentoskeletal changes in adults with anterior open bite: a quantitative analysis.","authors":"Tasneem Hammad, Hassan Moussa, Wessam Marzouk, Hanan Amin Ismail","doi":"10.2319/021922-155.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/021922-155.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To quantify dentoskeletal changes accompanying the use of extrusion arches during the treatment of anterior open bite (AOB) in adults.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 23 adult patients with an AOB of -3.05 mm ± 1.27 mm were treated with upper and lower extrusion arches after the alignment phase. Lateral cephalograms were taken before placement of the extrusion arch, immediately after closure of the open bite (T2), and at the end of orthodontic treatment (T3). Data were statistically analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance and the Bonferroni post hoc test for pairwise comparisons (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Successful closure of AOB, with an overall change in overbite of 4.73 ± 1.93 mm, was achieved in an average of 3.8 months and remained stable at T3. Upper and lower incisors were significantly extruded by 2.05 mm ± 0.72 mm and 2.54 mm ± 1.63 mm, respectively, and significantly retroclined by 6.36° ± 1.63° and 8.45° ± 3.83°, respectively, with a resultant increase in the interincisal angle of 12.80° ± 2.09°. Statistically significant intrusion and mesial tipping (P < .001) of the maxillary and mandibular first molars were observed at T2. Dentoskeletal changes remained stable at T3, except for a significant reduction of the mesial tipping of the maxillary and mandibular first molars.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combined use of maxillary and mandibular extrusion arches resulted in significant favorable dentoskeletal changes that led to the successful closure of AOB during a short duration of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":50790,"journal":{"name":"Angle Orthodontist","volume":"93 1","pages":"26-32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10436858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonathan Luyten, Noëmi M C De Roo, Jeroen Christiaens, Leonie Van Overberghe, Liesbeth Temmerman, Guy A M De Pauw
{"title":"Rapid maxillary expansion vs slow maxillary expansion in patients with cleft lip and/or palate: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jonathan Luyten, Noëmi M C De Roo, Jeroen Christiaens, Leonie Van Overberghe, Liesbeth Temmerman, Guy A M De Pauw","doi":"10.2319/030122-188.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/030122-188.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the dentoalveolar outcomes of slow maxillary expansion (SME) and rapid maxillary expansion (RME) used for maxillary expansion before secondary alveolar bone grafting in patients with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). Secondarily, the advantages and disadvantages of SME vs RME were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted up to November 2021, including Medline (via PubMed), Embase (via Ovid), Web of Science, Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Risk-of-bias assessment was performed using the Risk of Bias (RoB 2.0) and Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS I) tool. Overall quality was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 4007 records, five studies met the inclusion criteria. The randomized control trial (RCT) had a low risk of bias, the non-RCTs presented with a moderate risk of bias. Arch width and perimeter increased significantly with both SME and RME treatments. No difference in the increase in palatal depth was found. The meta-analysis showed a greater anterior-to-posterior expansion ratio for the Quad Helix (QH) appliance. The results for dental tipping were not conclusive.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SME and RME promote equal posterior expansion in cleft patients. The anterior differential expansion is greater with SME (QH appliance). No clear evidence exists concerning the amount of dental adverse effects of SME and RME in cleft patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50790,"journal":{"name":"Angle Orthodontist","volume":"93 1","pages":"95-103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10813678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel auxiliary device enhances miniscrew stability under immediate heavy loading simulating orthopedic treatment.","authors":"Keita Yamagata, Yasuhiko Oga, Sangho Kwon, Aya Maeda-Iino, Takanori Ishikawa, Shouichi Miyawaki","doi":"10.2319/022222-163.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/022222-163.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate miniscrew stability and perform a histomorphometric analysis of the bone around the miniscrew under a load corresponding to orthopedic force.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty-two miniscrews were implanted into eight rabbit tibias. Auxiliary group rabbits received auxiliary devices with miniscrews (n = 8, 28 days; n = 8, 56 days), and those in the nonauxiliary control group received miniscrews without auxiliary devices (n = 8, 28 days; n = 8, 56 days). Elastics were placed between miniscrews to apply a load of 5 N. Miniscrew stability was evaluated using a Periotest. Bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and spike implantation depth were measured histomorphologically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Periotest values in the auxiliary group were significantly lower than those in the nonauxiliary group at all time periods. There was no significant difference in BIC between the auxiliary and nonauxiliary groups at 28 or 56 days postimplantation. The implantation spike depth in the auxiliary group was significantly greater at 56 days compared to that at 28 days. Newly formed bone was observed around the spike of the auxiliary device at 56 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest that the use of miniscrews in conjunction with auxiliary devices provides stable skeletal anchorage, which may be useful in orthopedic treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":50790,"journal":{"name":"Angle Orthodontist","volume":"93 1","pages":"71-78"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9797141/pdf/i1945-7103-93-1-71.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10859028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mario Palone, Andrea Pignotti, Eugenia Morin, Carolina Pancari, Giorgio Alfredo Spedicato, Francesca Cremonini, Luca Lombardo
{"title":"Analysis of overcorrection to be included for planning clear aligner therapy: a retrospective study.","authors":"Mario Palone, Andrea Pignotti, Eugenia Morin, Carolina Pancari, Giorgio Alfredo Spedicato, Francesca Cremonini, Luca Lombardo","doi":"10.2319/052022-371.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/052022-371.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To provide clinical information on overcorrection to be included in the initial digital setup to make clear aligner therapy (CAT) more efficient.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Prescription data for 150 patients (80 women and 70 men; mean age 33.7 ± 12.7 years) treated successfully with CAT (F22 Aligners, Sweden & Martina, Due Carrare, Italy) and requiring only a single, minimal finishing phase were acquired retrospectively. The inclusion criteria were Class I dental malocclusion with only minimal crowding (≤3 mm), 12-20 aligner steps per arch, no use of auxiliaries or interarch elastics, and rotations ≤25° for round-shaped teeth. The prescribed and corrective movements to be achieved in the main and finishing treatment phases, respectively, were quantified by the dedicated clear aligner setup software. The magnitudes of inclination (buccal-lingual crown tipping), angulation (mesial-distal crown tipping), rotation, intrusion, and extrusion were extracted and analyzed by tooth type, maxilla and mandible, and both arches. Descriptive statistics, that is, mean, standard deviation, and percentage, were calculated for each movement investigated. Classification and regression trees (CART) were generated using the model-based recursive partitioning approach, and the corrective movements were correlated with respect to both the amount of the movements prescribed and the tooth type. Statistical significance was set at 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inclination and rotation required the greatest correction, whereas angulation, intrusion, and extrusion required only minimal correction. Expressed as a percentage of prescribed movement, mean corrective movements were 20.5% for inclination, 14.5% angulation, 28.4% rotation, 11.7% extrusion, and 22% intrusion. According to CART, all corrective movements except extrusion depended on both tooth type and the magnitude of prescribed movement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To achieve more efficient CAT, approximately 20% overcorrection should be added to the initial planning phase when planning challenging movements such as inclination and rotation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50790,"journal":{"name":"Angle Orthodontist","volume":"93 1","pages":"11-18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10813669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison between clear aligners and 2 × 4 mechanics in the mixed dentition: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Vinicius Merino da Silva, Priscila Vaz Ayub, Camila Massaro, Guilherme Janson, Daniela Garib","doi":"10.2319/032322-237.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/032322-237.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the efficacy and efficiency between clear aligners and 2 × 4 fixed appliances for correcting maxillary incisor position irregularities in the mixed dentition.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The sample comprised 32 patients from 7 to 11 years of age randomly allocated into two parallel treatment groups: the clear aligners group, 14 patients (6 girls, 8 boys) with a mean initial age of 9.33 years (standard deviation [SD] = 1.01) treated with clear aligners; and the fixed appliances group, 13 patients (9 girls, 4 boys) with a mean initial age of 9.65 years (SD = 0.80) treated with partial (2 × 4) fixed appliances. Digital models were acquired before treatment and after appliance removal. Primary outcomes were incisor irregularity index and treatment time. Secondary outcomes were arch width, perimeter, length, size and shape, incisor leveling, incisor mesiodistal angulation, plaque index, and white spot lesion formation (International Caries Detection and Assessment System index). Intergroup comparisons were evaluated using t-tests or Mann-Whitney U-tests with Holm-Bonferroni correction (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment time was approximately 8 months in both groups. No intergroup differences were observed for changes in any of the variables. Similar posttreatment arch shapes were observed in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clear aligners and 2 × 4 mechanics displayed similar efficacy and efficiency for maxillary incisor position corrections in the mixed dentition. The choice of appliance should be guided by clinician and family preference.</p>","PeriodicalId":50790,"journal":{"name":"Angle Orthodontist","volume":"93 1","pages":"3-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9797137/pdf/i1945-7103-93-1-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10483494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xueyan Qin, Yuyan He, Shouyu Zhang, Ni Jin, Zhi Yang
{"title":"Comparison of two different therapeutic approaches for skeletal Class II patients with temporomandibular degenerative joint disease.","authors":"Xueyan Qin, Yuyan He, Shouyu Zhang, Ni Jin, Zhi Yang","doi":"10.2319/042822-321.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/042822-321.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare two different therapeutic approaches for skeletal Class II patients with temporomandibular degenerative joint disease.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 47 patients were included in this study. Group anterior repositioning splint (ARS) was treated with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc surgery followed by an ARS and camouflage orthodontic treatment. Group stabilization splint (SS) was treated with an SS followed by orthodontic treatment combined with orthognathic surgery. Cephalometric analysis of lateral radiographs and measurements of condylar height were evaluated before and after splints.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In group ARS, mandibular advancement was observed after treatment in 21 of 24 patients (87.5%). The SNB angle increased by an average of 1.40 ± 1.01°. The ANB angle, overjet, Wits, and convexity decreased. Facial angle and soft tissue N Vert to pogonion increased. Vertically, MP-FH, MP-SN, y-axis, and vertical ratio decreased and ANS-Me/N-Me and S-Go/N-Me increased, suggesting a counterclockwise rotation of the mandible. In group SS, 18 of 23 patients (78.3%) showed a backward change tendency. The SNB angle reduced by 0.90 ± 0.93°. The ANB angle, overjet, Wits, convexity, and y-axis increased. The facial angle and soft tissue N Vert to soft tissue pogonion (ST N Vert to ST pogonion) decreased. Magnetic resonance imaging showed condylar height increased by 1.45 ± 3.05 mm (P = .002) in group ARS. In group SS, condylar height change was not consistent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TMJ disc surgery followed by ARS promoted condylar bone remodeling and regeneration. The SNB angle increased, and the severity of skeletal Class II was improved. The SS enabled the mandible to withdraw backward and revealed a retrognathic but true mandible position.</p>","PeriodicalId":50790,"journal":{"name":"Angle Orthodontist","volume":"93 1","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9797142/pdf/i1945-7103-93-1-49.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10493052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nonsurgical orthodontic correction of facial asymmetry by condylar remodeling and mandibular repositioning following occlusal cant correction with microimplants: a case report.","authors":"Ho-Jin Kim, Hyung-Kyu Noh, Hyo-Sang Park","doi":"10.2319/042622-317.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/042622-317.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, the demand for correcting facial asymmetry has been increasing, even when the extent of asymmetry is small. This case report describes nonsurgical orthodontic treatment for facial asymmetry in a 13-year-old female patient, facilitated by moving the deviant mandible to the nondeviated side after correcting for relevant dental compensation using microimplants. Mandibular repositioning was attempted using intermaxillary elastics between the microimplants placed into each jaw and guided by resin that was bonded on the maxillary first molar of the deviated side. To enhance mandibular movement, correction of the transverse occlusal cant and buccolingual inclination of the teeth were also performed. After 65 months of gradual treatment, facial symmetry, with favorable occlusion and jaw function, was achieved. These satisfactory results, including a well-balanced face and good occlusal interdigitation, were well maintained at the 53-month follow-up. Direct and functional forces applied against deviant functional forces can reduce facial asymmetry by differential growth or modeling of the condyle.</p>","PeriodicalId":50790,"journal":{"name":"Angle Orthodontist","volume":"93 1","pages":"111-125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9797145/pdf/i1945-7103-93-1-111.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10483975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of periodontal status and failure rates with different retainer bonding methods and adhesives: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Serpil Çokakoğlu, Alper Kızıldağ","doi":"10.2319/031622-224.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/031622-224.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This single-center, randomized clinical trial evaluated and compared retainer bonding among different methods and adhesives in terms of periodontal status and failure rates.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 100 patients from the orthodontic department of Pamukkale University were randomly assigned to the following 4 groups: group 1, direct bonding (DB) with two-step adhesive; group 2, DB with one-step adhesive; group 3, indirect bonding (IDB) with two-step adhesive; and group 4, IDB with one-step adhesive. Eligibility criteria included good finishing results and oral hygiene, no periodontal or systemic problems, and no missing anterior teeth or restorations. Randomization was carried out using computer-generated random numbers with allocation concealment by opaque, sealed envelopes. The main outcomes were plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and calculus index (CI) recorded at bonding, 6 months (T1), and 12 months (T2) after bonding. A secondary outcome was failure rate. The periodontal outcome assessor was blinded. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PI and GI increased with time in all study groups, but there were no significant differences among groups at any time point. A small amount of calculus was observed in all study groups, with the increase in CI for group 3 significantly greater at the T2-T1 time interval (P < .05). There were no significant differences between groups for 12-month failure rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The one-step retainer adhesive was similar in terms of periodontal status and failure rate. Therefore, a one-step adhesive can be used during bonding, regardless of technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":50790,"journal":{"name":"Angle Orthodontist","volume":"93 1","pages":"57-65"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9797151/pdf/i1945-7103-93-1-57.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10548980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.2319/1945-7103-93.1.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/1945-7103-93.1.126","url":null,"abstract":"Erratum to: Doelgericht werken in wijkteams laat nog te wensen over. Professionals hebben meer opleiding en begeleiding nodigHelaas is er een fout geslopen in het artikel 'Doelgericht werken in wijkteams laat nog te wensen over. Professionals hebben meer opleiding en begeleiding nodig' in Kind en Ad...","PeriodicalId":50790,"journal":{"name":"Angle Orthodontist","volume":"93 1","pages":"126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10427696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}