Annals of Telecommunications最新文献_第6页

A low-complexity successive cancellation list decoding for polar codes with variable thresholds 可变阈值极化码的低复杂度连续消列译码

IF 2.2 4区计算机科学

Annals of Telecommunications Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1007/s12243-025-01111-2

Liping Du, Ping An, Xiaoyun Hou, Yueyun Chen

{"title":"A low-complexity successive cancellation list decoding for polar codes with variable thresholds","authors":"Liping Du, Ping An, Xiaoyun Hou, Yueyun Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01111-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01111-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding algorithm has attracted significant interest in polar code due to its superior performance by retaining multiple decoding paths with increasing the complexity of decoding. To reduce the decoding complexity, we propose two low-complexity SCL decoding algorithms, including the codewords grouping-based threshold modified sequential probability ratio test (CG-TMSPRT) algorithm and the bit-based threshold modified sequential probability ratio test (B-TMSPRT) algorithm. Both algorithms trim some decoding paths by the proposed splitting rules, which consider adaptive double thresholds for the SCL decoding procedure. Based on the SCL decoding procedure, the CG-TMSPRT algorithm considers double thresholds, which vary with the group of code length, while the B-TMSPRT algorithm changes double thresholds with decoding bit according to Gaussian approximation. The simulation results show that both proposed algorithms significantly reduce the decoding complexity while keeping good decoding performance. Compared with the CG-TMSPRT algorithm, the B-TMSPRT algorithm has better decoding performance and higher computational complexity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"81 3-4","pages":"291 - 300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147617965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving channel equalization in cell-free MIMO networks using reconfigurable intelligent surfaces and in-context learning 利用可重构智能曲面和情境学习改进无小区MIMO网络中的信道均衡

IF 2.2 4区计算机科学

Annals of Telecommunications Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1007/s12243-025-01109-w

Manju Shanmugam, Sundarambal Balaraman, Krishnamoorthy Ranganathan

{"title":"Improving channel equalization in cell-free MIMO networks using reconfigurable intelligent surfaces and in-context learning","authors":"Manju Shanmugam, Sundarambal Balaraman, Krishnamoorthy Ranganathan","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01109-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01109-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided Multiple Input and Multiple Output (MIMO) systems offer increased spectral efficiency and signal quality in futuristic wireless networks. However, optimizing channel equalization in time-varying channel conditions and fronthaul-constrained capacity is a challenging task. This paper introduces an in-context learning (ICL)-based equalization scheme that can adapt to changing channel conditions in real time without the need for retraining. Compared to conventional methods like linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) and model-agnostic meta-learning (MAML), ICL is unique as it uses a transformer model to learn optimal equalization policies from pilot data. This makes it efficient and computationally less complex. Most RIS-aided cell-free MIMO (CF-MIMO) network simulations show that ICL reduces mean squared error (MSE) by up to <span>(80%)</span> and improves spectral efficiency and capacity with limited fronthaul capacity (b). The results validate the scalability and performance of ICL and make it a promising candidate for deployment in low-resource wireless systems. Our future efforts are focused on extending ICL to multi-user and RIS environments, optimizing equalization with reinforcement learning, and confirming its performance in real-world hardware environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"81 3-4","pages":"259 - 273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147617886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lightweight certificateless authenticated key agreement protocol for IIoT 用于工业物联网的轻量级无证书认证密钥协议

IF 2.2 4区计算机科学

Annals of Telecommunications Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1007/s12243-025-01108-x

Hongju Xia, Wenbo Bi, Jinsheng Zhang, Heng Zhang

{"title":"Lightweight certificateless authenticated key agreement protocol for IIoT","authors":"Hongju Xia, Wenbo Bi, Jinsheng Zhang, Heng Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01108-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01108-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) plays a significant role in the manufacturing industry and promotes the development of industrial intelligence. However, industrial data are extremely confidential, and securing their transmission remains essential yet challenging. Authenticated key agreement (AKA) is a promising strategy for ensuring secure communication in IIoT. For resource-limited IoT devices, there has been a gradual shift toward the development of lightweight protocol schemes. Thus, certificateless AKA (CL-AKA) protocols are gradually being used in the IoT field. However, in recent years, many lightweight schemes have exhibited security loopholes and noted to be unable to resist key compromise impersonation attacks. To address these limitations, we propose a novel lightweight CL-AKA protocol scheme that can effectively avoid KCI attacks and is suitable for IIoT scenarios. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is formally proven under the standard security model, demonstrating that it can satisfy the security requirement for communication between industrial devices and cloud servers. The proposed protocol outperforms existing IoT schemes in terms of computational cost, communication cost, and security and is more suitable for embedded low-power devices in IoT contexts, including the IIoT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"81 3-4","pages":"233 - 245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147617883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Accurate channel estimation using effective support vector initialization for off-grid partially coherent compressive phase retrieval in mmWave MIMO systems for beyond 5G applications 基于有效支持向量初始化的离网部分相干压缩相位恢复的毫米波MIMO系统精确信道估计，用于5G以上应用

IF 2.2 4区计算机科学

Annals of Telecommunications Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1007/s12243-025-01110-3

Baranidharan Varadharajan, Surendar Maruthu

{"title":"Accurate channel estimation using effective support vector initialization for off-grid partially coherent compressive phase retrieval in mmWave MIMO systems for beyond 5G applications","authors":"Baranidharan Varadharajan, Surendar Maruthu","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01110-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01110-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In millimeter-wave communication, the frequency spectrum offers a large amount of bandwidth to alleviate the scarcity in the spectrum of existing cellular bands. The massive Multi-Input Multi-Output hybrid architecture systems are employed to estimate mmWave channels effectively. Errors in sparsity pattern estimation may limit the performance of channel estimation schemes. To recover the channel state information, off-grid compressive sensing methods are utilized, leveraging the sparsity nature in angular domains. Due to hardware imperfections in carrier frequency oscillators, random phase drifts occur in the hybrid architecture of mmWave off-grid systems. The radio frequency chains share the same phase offsets within a time frame, but they differ across different time frames. To achieve better reliability and reduced overhead in communication, the support vectors need to be effectively optimized. In this article, we propose a modified partially coherent compressive phase retrieval approach by incorporating singular value decomposition for effective support vector initialization for off-grid mmWave massive MIMO systems. This algorithm optimizes the initialization by identifying the best k-dimensional subspace from the sparsity elements by forming the singular vectors. The proposed Off-Grid SVD-PC-CPR algorithm effectively utilizes the partial coherence property along with the singular value decomposition technique to identify the dominant paths of mmWave channels from the phases of the measurements by selecting basis vectors. Based on the simulation results, the proposed algorithm achieves better normalized mean squared error, a multi-user sum-rate gain of 26 bits/s/Hz, and a 54% improvement in estimation accuracy over the conventional PC-CPR algorithm at 20 dB signal-to-noise ratio.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"81 3-4","pages":"247 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147617884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Security and privacy-preserving for machine learning models: attacks, countermeasures, and future directions 机器学习模型的安全和隐私保护：攻击、对策和未来方向

IF 2.2 4区计算机科学

Annals of Telecommunications Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1007/s12243-025-01107-y

Fatema EL-Husseini, Hassan N. Noura, Flavien Vernier

{"title":"Security and privacy-preserving for machine learning models: attacks, countermeasures, and future directions","authors":"Fatema EL-Husseini, Hassan N. Noura, Flavien Vernier","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01107-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01107-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Machine learning(ML) has emerged as a fundamental element of innovation in several industries, providing unparalleled powers in data processing, decision-making, and automation. The growing use of ML systems has presented considerable security and privacy challenges, especially in resource-limited contexts such as IoT devices and edge computing platforms. This work examines lightweight security and privacy-preserving solutions designed to mitigate these vulnerabilities, emphasizing both cryptographic and non-cryptographic methods. The work presents a detailed classification of security vulnerabilities aimed at ML systems, encompassing data poisoning, adversarial attacks, model inversion, and training data breaches. It assesses cryptographic methods, including homomorphic encryption and safe multi-party computation, alongside non-cryptographic strategies such as differential privacy, defensive distillation, and federated learning. The work delineates significant obstacles, including processing overhead, adversarial robustness, scalability, and interaction with legacy systems, and proposes specific countermeasures to address these concerns. Additionally, the work integrates empirical evaluations and comparative benchmarks to guide practical deployment and indicates future research areas, highlighting the necessity for scalable cryptographic methodologies, sophisticated adversarial defenses, and interdisciplinary approaches to augment machine learning security and privacy. This article seeks to reconcile stringent security requirements with practical deployment limitations by offering actionable insights and novel methodologies, hence enabling the secure and dependable utilization of ML systems across many applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"80 -","pages":"975 - 996"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145963654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neural network-based encrypted traffic classification and application categorization framework for the tor network 基于神经网络的加密流量分类与应用分类框架

IF 2.2 4区计算机科学

Annals of Telecommunications Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1007/s12243-025-01106-z

Tahira Mahboob, Min Young Chung

{"title":"Neural network-based encrypted traffic classification and application categorization framework for the tor network","authors":"Tahira Mahboob, Min Young Chung","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01106-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01106-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traffic classification can be useful in network monitoring, quality-of-service management, and intrusion detection. Recently, the number/types of applications have grown and new protocols are required. Conventional traffic classification methods do not adapt effectively, and the problem becomes more severe for encrypted traffic. Operators must encrypt most network traffic due to increased demand for user privacy. This paper proposes a deep learning (DL)–based encrypted traffic categorization and application service classification method. Two well-known neural networks, namely a deep neural network (DNN) and convolutional neural network (CNN), are implemented for classification while considering temporal features. We study the performance of DL models with various feature selection methods (FSM) and different TCP traffic flow timeouts. We propose use case scenario for encrypted traffic classification in a software-defined wireless network (SDWN). The results indicate DNN model using information gain (IG), and a TCP timeout of 60 s provides an accuracy of 100% and a generalization gap (GG) of 0.001 in the training phase, for encrypted and benign traffic classification. Testing accuracy and loss of 99.9% and 0.01, respectively, are achieved. In the CNN model using correlation (Corr), a TCP timeout of 120 s has accuracy of 90% and a GG of 0.7 in the training phase. Testing an accuracy and a loss up to 84.2% and 0.81, respectively, is achieved. Execution timesteps of 30 and 220µs are estimated for traffic categorization and application service classification. Compared to existing work, the DL model shows improvements of up to 86%, 64%, and 21% in F1-score, precision, and recall values, respectively. The source code is available at github repository: https://github.com/tmahboob/ToR-Traffic-Classification-using-Neural-Networks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"81 3-4","pages":"211 - 231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147617985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nested-C protocol: consensus protocol designed for NestedChain Nested-C协议：为NestedChain设计的共识协议

IF 2.2 4区计算机科学

Annals of Telecommunications Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1007/s12243-025-01104-1

Daniel Maldonado-Ruiz, César Tufiño, Gabriel Vásconez, Elian Caizapanta, Eddy Castro, Thelman Pabón, Jenny Torres, Nour El Madhoun

{"title":"Nested-C protocol: consensus protocol designed for NestedChain","authors":"Daniel Maldonado-Ruiz, César Tufiño, Gabriel Vásconez, Elian Caizapanta, Eddy Castro, Thelman Pabón, Jenny Torres, Nour El Madhoun","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01104-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01104-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The implementation of hybrid protocols responds to the need to improve the current protocol features without necessarily modifying the infrastructures by creating new ones to solve the identified drawbacks of using blockchain to solve different problems. This paper addresses a novel hybrid consensus protocol designed to improve decentralisation of block creation in a NestedChain implementation. The new protocol, called Nested-C, combines the advantages of established consensus mechanisms, with an emphasis on addressing the limitations observed in traditional Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS). Both NestedChain and Nested-C are designed to become the infrastructure cornerstone of the decentralised framework called 3BI-ECC. To evaluate the feasibility and performance of the proposed protocol compared to the original NestedChain prototype, a set of experiments has been carried out. The results demonstrate that Nested-C behaves in a similar way to the PoS designed for NestedChain and meets the independence and decentralisation parameters necessary for a distributed implementation of NestedChain, making it a viable option for the development of a decentralised identity system implemented in a consortium network. These findings allows a new way to develop not only NestedChain as a specific solution prototype, but also a new way to create consortium blockchains to store different types of information in the same infrastructure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"81 3-4","pages":"149 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147617935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resource management for multi-service coexistence in 5 G/6 G NFV-MEC networks 5g / 6g NFV-MEC网络中多业务共存的资源管理

IF 2.2 4区计算机科学

Annals of Telecommunications Pub Date : 2025-06-28 DOI: 10.1007/s12243-025-01105-0

Caio Bruno B. de Souza, Marcos Rocha de M. Falcão, Maria G. Lima Damasceno, Renata K. Gomes Dos Reis, Andson M. Balieiro

{"title":"Resource management for multi-service coexistence in 5 G/6 G NFV-MEC networks","authors":"Caio Bruno B. de Souza, Marcos Rocha de M. Falcão, Maria G. Lima Damasceno, Renata K. Gomes Dos Reis, Andson M. Balieiro","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01105-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01105-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Enabling the coexistence of multiple services on the same NFV-MEC network is challenging due to conflicting resource requirements, virtualization overhead, and potential processing failures, all within the strict resource constraints of the NFV-MEC node. Additionally, the critical nature of URLLC services often necessitates service prioritization, which can adversely impact the performance of eMBB applications. This paper addresses these challenges by designing a continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC)-based model that incorporates these features to analyze resource allocation for multiple coexisting services in an NFV-MEC system. Extensive analyses of energy consumption, availability, response time, and memory consumption are conducted across various system configurations. Results reveal that higher loads of URLLC services decrease system availability and increase response times for both service types. The study also finds that an increase in the number of containers does not necessarily lead to a proportional increase in energy consumption, and energy and memory consumption exhibit similar patterns due to their common usage during setup and active processing states. While increasing buffer size slightly improves service availability with minimal impact on energy consumption (as buffered requests do not use resources while in the queue), it negatively affects service response times.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"80 9-10","pages":"835 - 850"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145210729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the quality of WebRTC-based videoconferencing under adverse and mobility scenarios 不利和移动场景下基于webbrtc的视频会议质量研究

IF 2.2 4区计算机科学

Annals of Telecommunications Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1007/s12243-025-01102-3

Arthur Böckmann Grossi, Roberto Irajá Tavares da Costa Filho, Luciano Paschoal Gaspary

引用次数: 0

Inferring change points in unlabelled time series data collected from the network diagnosis tool 推断从网络诊断工具收集的未标记时间序列数据中的变化点

IF 2.2 4区计算机科学

Annals of Telecommunications Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1007/s12243-025-01103-2

Cleiton M. de Almeida, Rosa M. M. Leão, Edmundo de Souza e Silva

{"title":"Inferring change points in unlabelled time series data collected from the network diagnosis tool","authors":"Cleiton M. de Almeida, Rosa M. M. Leão, Edmundo de Souza e Silva","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01103-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01103-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Detecting significant statistical changes in time series data, such as change points and anomalies, is crucial for various applications, including computer network performance monitoring. Despite the availability of many detection algorithms, applying these techniques to real-world data remains a challenging topic due to their distinct effectiveness in different domains. This study focuses on identifying change points and anomalies in throughput and latency time series data from residential networks, emphasizing online methods. We evaluate well-established methods like Shewhart, EWMA, and CUSUM, which are simple to implement, and identify their limitations in real-world scenarios. We propose simple modifications to these classical methods to enhance their effectiveness when applied to data from network measurements. Furthermore, we introduce a new and flexible method, based on the concept of weighted voting. It is designed to detect change points while providing useful information to assess confidence in the results. Our methods were evaluated on two datasets: one we collected using the NDT protocol in Brazil and another from the publicly available Shao Dataset, which includes labeled time series of latency. We discuss the limitations of traditional methods, the effectiveness of our proposed approaches, and how to apply those for real-time network quality monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"80 9-10","pages":"775 - 792"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145210708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0