{"title":"Crosstalk-aware circuit reallocation to reduce blocking in spatial division multiplexed elastic optical networks","authors":"Selles G. F. C. Araújo, André C. B. Soares","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01092-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01092-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper proposes a crosstalk-aware inter-core (XT) circuit reallocation algorithm for spatial division multiplexed elastic optical networks (SDM-EON). Unlike previous studies that utilize reallocation primarily for spectral defragmentation, this work focuses on circuit reallocation to mitigate XT, thereby reducing or preventing network blocking. The algorithm is triggered whenever a request is blocked, classifying it as a reactive approach. The push-pull and fast-switching techniques are employed for data traffic migration, ensuring seamless transition without service interruption. Furthermore, the proposed method is evaluated against other algorithms designed to mitigate inter-core crosstalk, considering the NSFNET, EON, and JPN network topologies. In terms of bandwidth blocking probability, the results demonstrate a reduction of at least 65%, with a maximum of 0.25% of active circuits reallocated per process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"80 9-10","pages":"729 - 744"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145210575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diego Abreu, Arthur Pimentel, David Moura, Christian Rothenberg, Antônio Abelém
{"title":"A two-stage Q-learning routing approach for quantum entanglement networks","authors":"Diego Abreu, Arthur Pimentel, David Moura, Christian Rothenberg, Antônio Abelém","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01090-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01090-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The emerging field of quantum internet offers multiple applications, enabling quantum communication across diverse networks. However, the current entanglement networks exhibit complex processes, characterized by variable entanglement generation rates, limited quantum memory capacity, and susceptibility to decoherence rates. Addressing these issues, we propose a two-stage routing system that harnesses the power of reinforcement learning (RL). The first stage focuses on identifying the most efficient routes for quantum data transmission. The second stage concentrates on establishing these routes and improving how and when to apply entanglement swapping and purification. Our extensive evaluations across various network sizes and configurations reveal that our method not only sustains superior end-to-end route fidelity but also achieves significantly higher request success rates compared to traditional methods. These findings highlight the efficacy of our approach in managing the complex dynamics of quantum networks, ensuring robust and scalable quantum communication. Our method’s adaptability to changing network conditions and its proactive management of quantum resources make an important contribution to quantum network efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"80 9-10","pages":"807 - 822"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145210576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renan R. de Oliveira, Rogério S. e Silva, Leandro A. Freitas, Antonio Oliveira Jr
{"title":"Power allocation and communication resource scheduling for federated learning in wireless IoT networks","authors":"Renan R. de Oliveira, Rogério S. e Silva, Leandro A. Freitas, Antonio Oliveira Jr","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01089-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01089-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Federated learning (FL) allows devices to train a machine learning model collaboratively without compromising data privacy. In wireless networks, FL presents challenges due to limited resources and the unstable nature of transmission channels that can cause delays and errors that compromise the consistency of global model updates. Furthermore, efficient allocation of communication resources is crucial in Internet of Things (IoT) environments, where devices often have limited energy capacity. This work introduces a novel FL algorithm called DFed-w<span>(_{text {Opt}}^{text {DP}})</span>, designed for wireless networks within the IoT framework. This algorithm incorporates a device selection mechanism that evaluates the quality of device data distribution and connection quality with the aggregate server. By optimizing the power allocation for each device, DFed-w<span>(_{text {Opt}}^{text {DP}})</span> minimizes overall energy consumption while enhancing the success rate of transmissions. The simulation results demonstrate that DFed-w<span>(_{text {Opt}}^{text {DP}})</span> effectively operates with low transmission power while preserving the accuracy of the global model compared to other algorithms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"80 9-10","pages":"915 - 928"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145210725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jurandir C. Lacerda Jr., Aline G. Morais, Adolfo V. T. Cartaxo, André C. B. Soares
{"title":"A new fragmentation- and physical layer impairments-aware algorithm to core and spectrum assignment in spatial division multiplexing elastic optical networks","authors":"Jurandir C. Lacerda Jr., Aline G. Morais, Adolfo V. T. Cartaxo, André C. B. Soares","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01091-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01091-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Spatial division multiplexing elastic optical networks (SDM-EONs) based on multicore fibers (MCFs) are a technology that can handle the Internet’s growing traffic demand. However, SDM-EONs present challenges in their implementation, such as the physical layer impairments (PLI) and the spectrum fragmentation. This paper proposes the fragmentation-aware and PLI-aware algorithm (FXAA) to solve the core and spectrum assignment problem in MCF-based SDM-EONs. The FXAA implements a low-cost PLI-aware mechanism to select lightpaths with low inter- and intra-core impairment incidence, ensuring the quality of transmission (QoT) of the network lightpaths. In addition, FXAA clusters the lightpaths with the same number of frequency slots to reduce spectrum fragmentation. The numerical results show that compared with the other nine algorithms proposed in the literature, FXAA achieves a gain of circuit blocking probability of at least 33.36%, a gain of bandwidth blocking probability of at least 17.99%, and an increase in spectral utilization of at least 1.08%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"80 9-10","pages":"715 - 727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145210898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimizing resource allocation in 5G-V2X communication: adaptive strategies for enhanced QoS in intelligent transportation systems","authors":"Oummany Youssef, Elassali Raja, Elbahhar Boukour Fouzia","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01086-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01086-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>5G vehicle-to-everything (V2X) connectivity plays a fundamental role in enabling advanced vehicular networks within intelligent transportation systems (ITS). However, challenges arising from limited resources, such as unreliable connections between vehicles and the substantial signaling overhead in centralized resource distribution methods, impede the efficiency of V2X communication systems, especially in safety-critical applications. This study critically explores the limitations of centralized resource management in 5G-V2X, focusing on issues of resource scarcity and allocation inefficiencies. In response to these challenges, our approach focuses on optimizing resource utilization within the constraints of limited resources. The article introduces innovative strategies to enhance V2X service satisfaction, emphasizing the efficient allocation of resources for different service classes. Simulations showcase the impact of our tailored approach on resource utilization and satisfaction rates, shedding light on potential improvements in scenarios with constrained resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"80 and networking","pages":"489 - 500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Derek K. P. Asiedu, Kwabena E. Bennin, Dennis A. N. Gookyi, Mustapha Benjillali, Samir Saoudi
{"title":"Deep neural network-driven precision agriculture multi-path multi-hop noisy plant image data transmission and plant disease detection","authors":"Derek K. P. Asiedu, Kwabena E. Bennin, Dennis A. N. Gookyi, Mustapha Benjillali, Samir Saoudi","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01087-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01087-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Precision agriculture (PA) and plant disease detection (PDD) are essential for farm crops’ life quality and crop yield. Unfortunately, current PDD algorithms are trained and deployed with perfect plant images. This is impractical since PA sensor networks (PANs) transfer imperfect data due to wireless communication imperfections, such as channel estimation and noise, as well as hardware imperfections and noise. To capture the influence of channel imperfections and combat its effect, this work considers on- and/or offsite PDD implementation using plant image data transferred over multi-path imperfect PAN. Here, both traditional decode-and-forward (DF) data routing and channel effect considering machine learning data autoencoder multi-path routing are used for image data transmission. The multi-path DF data routing considers equal gain combining (EGC) and maximum ratio combining (MRC) techniques at the destination gateway for data decoding. In addition, a PDD deep learning algorithm is developed to predict whether or not a farm plant is diseased, using the noisy image data captured by the multi-path data routing PAN. From the PAN-PDD integrated system simulation, the proposed ML multi-path PAN-PDD algorithms (i.e., EGC and MRC) are compared to the ML single-path PAN-PDD algorithm and the traditional single-path PAN-PDD system. The simulation results showed that the multi-path approach performed fairly well over the other DF PAN-PDD systems. Incorporating the channel effects in designing an intelligent wireless data transfer solution/technique improves the communication system performance in PDD implementation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"80 and networking","pages":"445 - 457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient bimodal emotion recognition system based on speech/text embeddings and ensemble learning fusion","authors":"Adil Chakhtouna, Sara Sekkate, Abdellah Adib","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01088-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01088-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Emotion recognition (ER) is a pivotal discipline in the field of contemporary human–machine interaction. Its primary objective is to explore and advance theories, systems, and methodologies that can effectively recognize, comprehend, and interpret human emotions. This research investigates both unimodal and bimodal strategies for ER using advanced feature embeddings for audio and text data. We leverage pretrained models such as ImageBind for speech and RoBERTa, alongside traditional TF-IDF embeddings for text, to achieve accurate recognition of emotional states. A variety of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms were implemented to evaluate their performance in speaker dependent (SD) and speaker independent (SI) scenarios. Additionally, three feature fusion methods, early fusion, majority voting fusion, and stacking ensemble fusion, were employed for the bimodal emotion recognition (BER) task. Extensive numerical simulations were conducted to systematically address the complexities and challenges associated with both unimodal and bimodal ER. Our most remarkable findings demonstrate an accuracy of <span>(86.75%)</span> in the SD scenario and <span>(64.04%)</span> in the SI scenario on the IEMOCAP database for the proposed BER system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"80 and networking","pages":"379 - 399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A hybrid deep learning model for multi-class DDoS detection in SDN networks","authors":"Ameur Salem Zaidoun, Zied Lachiri","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01085-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01085-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper, as an extended version of a communication presented at the ISIVC’2024 conference, deals with security issues in the software-defined networks (SDN); it introduces a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) detection system leveraging deep learning (DL) features. The main objective is to enhance SDN security by accurately classifying DDoS attacks, improving efficiency, particularly for zero-day attack detection, and enabling targeted mitigation strategies. Our contribution focuses on refining a hybrid DL model with a novel architecture that applies algorithms simultaneously to distinguish the normal SDN traffic and five carefully selected other classes covering various attack kinds, using an optimized CIC-DDoS2019 dataset for more efficient classification. Compared to the conference paper, the model has been reinforced by the use of attention mechanisms and transformer architectures in addition to layers’ adjustments and hyper-parameters re-settings. Additionally, the previously used training and testing data have been combined and split into three sets: 70% for training, 15% for validation (continuous partial evaluation), and 15% for final testing. The resulting solution (hybrid DNN-LSTM) demonstrated continuous exponential improvement of validation accuracy during the training step, recording a higher value near 99% and achieving a final testing accuracy of 98.84%. The improved model is suitable for real-world SDN systems, with its deployment, potential challenges, and practical benefits discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"80 and networking","pages":"459 - 472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nouhayla El Anzoul, Younes Karfa Bekali, Khalid Minaoui, Mohammed Lahsaini, Ilyass Saouidi
{"title":"Design and fabrication of a novel frequency-reconfigurable patch antenna for WiFi and 5 G applications","authors":"Nouhayla El Anzoul, Younes Karfa Bekali, Khalid Minaoui, Mohammed Lahsaini, Ilyass Saouidi","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01080-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01080-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research paper introduces a reconfigurable and compact microstrip patch antenna designed and optimized for sub-6 GHz frequency bands, aligned with advancements toward millimeter-wave applications. The proposed antenna operates within the 2412–2484 MHz band for WiFi and the 3300–3800 MHz band for 5 G mobile phone communications. The antenna features a circular patch structure with compact dimensions, facilitating integration into miniature components and devices for wireless applications. To achieve frequency reconfigurability, a PIN diode was used as the switching technique. The antenna dimensions were optimized and simulated using CST and HFSS software. The simulation results were validated through measurements of the manufactured antenna. The antenna was fabricated on an FR4 epoxy substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.6 mm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"80 and networking","pages":"521 - 531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145168801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced deep learning approach for high-accuracy mobility coordinate prediction","authors":"Siham Sadiki, Hanae Belmajdoub, Nisrine Ibadah, Khalid Minaoui","doi":"10.1007/s12243-025-01081-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12243-025-01081-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurate prediction of mobility coordinates (<i>x</i> and <i>y</i>) is essential for effective transportation planning, urban development, and mobile network optimization. This study presents Tri-Sequence Temporal Network (TriSeqNet), an innovative architecture that synergizes the capabilities of bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM), residual gated recurrent units (Residual GRU), and temporal convolutional networks (TCN) to concurrently predict <i>x</i> and <i>y</i> coordinates. Our approach outperforms existing methods by leveraging the combined strengths of these advanced neural network models. The performance of TriSeqNet is evaluated using traditional metrics such as mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), as well as the coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) and explained variance (EV). This comprehensive evaluation framework demonstrates the robustness and accuracy of the proposed model in various predictive scenarios.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50761,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Telecommunications","volume":"80 and networking","pages":"473 - 488"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145168329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}