Trauma Care最新文献_第2页

Applying and Extending the Conservation of Resources (COR) Model to Trauma in U.S. Veterans 将资源保护（COR）模式应用和扩展到美国退伍军人的心理创伤中

Trauma Care Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.3390/traumacare4010003

Andrea Munoz, Samuel Girguis, Loren Martin, Michael Hollifield

{"title":"Applying and Extending the Conservation of Resources (COR) Model to Trauma in U.S. Veterans","authors":"Andrea Munoz, Samuel Girguis, Loren Martin, Michael Hollifield","doi":"10.3390/traumacare4010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/traumacare4010003","url":null,"abstract":"This was a novel pilot study about the relationship between PTSD severity and resource gain and loss using the conservation of resources (COR) model with U.S. Veterans. Higher PTSD severity was predicted to be associated with greater resource loss scores, and lower PTSD scores were predicted to be associated with greater resource gain scores. The sample size was limited (N = 19) due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Veterans completed a demographic questionnaire, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Combat Exposure Scale (CES), the PTSD Symptom Scale–Interview (PSS-I), the Conservation of Resources–Evaluation (COR-E), and two additional open-ended questions. A statistically significant negative medium effect size was found between PTSD diagnosis and resource gain (r(17) = −0.42, p = 0.039, one-tailed). A large effect size in resource gain scores between PTSD and non-PTSD groups was also found (t(17) = 1.880, p = 0.077, d = 0.87), with the non-PTSD group reporting more gain of resources than the PTSD group. Post hoc tests revealed that the resource gain score of the mild PTSD group was significantly higher than that of the severe + very severe PTSD group (p = 0.034). Results suggest that resource gain, when compared to resource loss, was the strongest predictor for a non-PTSD diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":507505,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Care","volume":"110 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139596749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Blast Exposure in Active-Duty Military Service Members 现役军人中的创伤后应激障碍和爆炸暴露

Trauma Care Pub Date : 2024-01-21 DOI: 10.3390/traumacare4010002

A. Sekely, H. B. Malik, Kayla B. Miller, Yishi Wang, Antonio E. Puente

{"title":"Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Blast Exposure in Active-Duty Military Service Members","authors":"A. Sekely, H. B. Malik, Kayla B. Miller, Yishi Wang, Antonio E. Puente","doi":"10.3390/traumacare4010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/traumacare4010002","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Active-duty military personnel in the current wars have experienced unique stressors that deviate from standard PTSD assessment and diagnosis. This situation calls for a refinement of military-related PTSD assessment. To this end, this study assessed the utility of the Trauma Symptom Inventory (TSI) in diagnosing PTSD among active-duty military personnel. The past literature has validated the TSI using populations with a small sample size. Hence, this study aimed to fill the gap by using a large sample size of 670 military members to examine whether the TSI is useful for military populations. Setting: Participants were referred to Carolina Psychological Health Services, in Jacksonville, North Carolina by military neurologists and other qualified medical officers from the Naval Hospital in Camp Lejeune, a military base located in Jacksonville, NC, for neuropsychological evaluation due to reported cognitive deficits related to military deployment (i.e., head injury due to exposure to blast injuries). Participants: Based on clinical diagnosis, comprehensive neuropsychological testing, and self-reported data, personnel were classified into four groups: blast exposure (n = 157), PTSD diagnosis (n = 90), both blast exposure and PTSD (n = 283), and neither blast exposure nor PTSD (n = 140), which helps provide a comprehensive picture of the utility of the TSI. Results: The TSI’s 10 clinical scales could distinguish between all groups. Discriminant function analysis showed that an optimally weighted combination of scales correctly predicted 66.67% of PTSD-positive cases and 35.11% of PTSD-negative cases. Conclusion: These findings provide support for the use of the TSI in the assessment of PTSD in active-duty military personnel. Due to the release of TSI-2, there is a need to replicate this data. However, the validity data has indicated a high concordance between the TSI and TSI-2, bolstering confidence in the current findings of the study.","PeriodicalId":507505,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Care","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139610261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comparative Gender Analysis of Injury Characteristics, Treatments and Outcomes among Persons Seeking Emergency Care in Kigali, Rwanda 卢旺达基加利急诊患者受伤特征、治疗和结果的性别比较分析

Trauma Care Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.3390/traumacare4010001

Lise Mumporeze, Chantal Uwamahoro, D. Uwamahoro, Aly Beeman, Destry Jensen, O. Y. Tang, Enyonam Odoom, S. Jarmale, S. Garbern, Catalina González Marqués, Andrew Stephen, A. Aluisio

{"title":"A Comparative Gender Analysis of Injury Characteristics, Treatments and Outcomes among Persons Seeking Emergency Care in Kigali, Rwanda","authors":"Lise Mumporeze, Chantal Uwamahoro, D. Uwamahoro, Aly Beeman, Destry Jensen, O. Y. Tang, Enyonam Odoom, S. Jarmale, S. Garbern, Catalina González Marqués, Andrew Stephen, A. Aluisio","doi":"10.3390/traumacare4010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/traumacare4010001","url":null,"abstract":"In high-income nations, gender has been associated with injury characteristics. This study evaluated injury epidemiology and care based on gender at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kigali in Rwanda. Patients presenting to the emergency department with acute injuries were prospectively enrolled from 27 January–28 June 2020, and descriptive statistics were performed with comparisons between males and females. Of 601 patients, 25.6% were female and 74.4% were male. There were gender differences in the mechanism of injury, with females more likely to be injured in falls (43.5% versus 23.0%, p = 0.001); meanwhile, males were more likely to suffer road traffic accidents (52.6% versus 39.6%, p = 0.006). The severity of injury was similar between genders based on the mean Kampala Trauma Score (14.4 versus 14.7, p = 0.09). Females were more likely to have been transported by prehospital services (87.7% versus 72.9%, p = 0.001), and less likely to receive acute treatment during the first six hours of care (67.5% versus 78.1%, p = 0.009). There was no significant difference in mortality between females and males (2.0% versus 1.3%, p = 0.568). This study highlights differences in the epidemiology and care between males and females presenting for emergency injury care in Rwanda. These findings can inform future research and developments in gender-centered healthcare delivery.","PeriodicalId":507505,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Care","volume":"74 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139171628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Increased Risk of Post-Traumatic Stress Following a Sexual Assault: Implications for Individuals Who Identify as a Sexual Minority 探索性攻击后创伤后应激风险的增加：对性少数群体的影响

Trauma Care Pub Date : 2023-12-17 DOI: 10.3390/traumacare3040029

Jodie Murphy-Oikonen, J. Vis, Rachel Egan

{"title":"Exploring the Increased Risk of Post-Traumatic Stress Following a Sexual Assault: Implications for Individuals Who Identify as a Sexual Minority","authors":"Jodie Murphy-Oikonen, J. Vis, Rachel Egan","doi":"10.3390/traumacare3040029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/traumacare3040029","url":null,"abstract":"Decades of research have enhanced our understanding of the psychological impact of sexual victimization, including risk factors through which post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) manifests. Research on sexual assault and PTSD predominately reflects the experience of heterosexual women, yet sexual minorities are both at increased risk of sexual assault and suffer greater negative health outcomes from it. In these cases, PTSD is linked to a clearly identifiable cause, thereby making it possible to identify individuals at risk, enhance interventions immediately following the traumatic event, and offer services to mitigate further harm. This narrative review explores the potential risk factors for PTSS and PTSD among individuals who experience sexual assault and identify as a sexual minority. Knowledge of these compounding risk factors among service providers will assist in obtaining sexual assault disclosures in a sensitive and supportive manner, leading to the provision of early interventions to mitigate the risks of developing PTSD following sexual assault. The findings suggest that empirical investigation is urgently required to develop evidence-informed practices in providing targeted interventions for sexual and gender minorities following a sexual assault and mitigating further adverse health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":507505,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Care","volume":"726 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139176729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Raising Voice at School: Preliminary Effectiveness and Community Experience of Culture and Practice at an Australian Trauma-Responsive Specialist School 提高学校的声音：澳大利亚创伤应对专科学校文化与实践的初步效果和社区体验

Trauma Care Pub Date : 2023-12-16 DOI: 10.3390/traumacare3040028

J. Avery, E. Galvin, Joanne Deppeler, Helen Skouteris, Justin Roberts, Heather Morris

{"title":"Raising Voice at School: Preliminary Effectiveness and Community Experience of Culture and Practice at an Australian Trauma-Responsive Specialist School","authors":"J. Avery, E. Galvin, Joanne Deppeler, Helen Skouteris, Justin Roberts, Heather Morris","doi":"10.3390/traumacare3040028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/traumacare3040028","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is three-fold: (1) to explore multiple community member views of core elements of trauma-responsive practice at a specialist school; (2) to explore impact on student wellbeing and learning outcomes, and educator experiences of their workplace; and (3) to explore insights into implementation challenges and enablers. This study uniquely incorporates four participant cohorts: parents or caregivers, educators, and community agencies involved with school students and their families. It utilises a mixed-methods approach with an emphasis on the voice of participants and their lived experience of a trauma-responsive specialist school. The data identify a trauma-responsive school culture, high staff satisfaction, improved student wellbeing and attendance, and progress towards learning goals. Reflective analytic themes centre on a collective experience of the school as a connected community, emphasising relationships, safety, collaboration, mutuality, voice, and empowerment. Findings show that the practices most valued across the cohorts centre on the collective experience of the school as a connected community, emphasising relationships, safety, deep listening, collaboration, mutuality, voice, and empowerment. Trauma-informed principles frame the discussion and implications for equity-focused trauma-responsive practice and policy development. Implications for practice and policy development are discussed.","PeriodicalId":507505,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Care","volume":"1598 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139176862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0