Weather, Climate, and Society最新文献_第3页

Map-based ensemble forecasts for maritime operations: An interactive usability assessment with decision scenarios 基于地图的海上行动集合预报：决策情景互动可用性评估

Weather, Climate, and Society Pub Date : 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.1175/wcas-d-23-0076.1

J. Jeuring, E. Samuelsen, Machiel Lamers, Malte Müller, Bjorn Age Hjollo, Laurent Bertino

{"title":"Map-based ensemble forecasts for maritime operations: An interactive usability assessment with decision scenarios","authors":"J. Jeuring, E. Samuelsen, Machiel Lamers, Malte Müller, Bjorn Age Hjollo, Laurent Bertino","doi":"10.1175/wcas-d-23-0076.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-23-0076.1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Previous research indicates that forecast uncertainty can, in certain formats and decision contexts, provide actionable insights that help users in their decision making. However, how to best disseminate forecast uncertainty, which factors affect successful uptake, and how forecast uncertainty transforms into better decision making remains an ongoing topic for discussion in both academic and operational contexts. Interpreting and using visualizations of forecast uncertainty are not straightforward, and choosing how to represent uncertainty in forecast products should be dependent on the specific audience in mind. We present findings from an interactive stakeholder workshop which aimed to advance context-based insights on the usability of graphical representations of forecast uncertainty in the field of maritime operations. The workshop involved participants from various maritime sectors, including cruise tourism, fisheries, government, private forecast service providers, and research/academia. Geographically situated in Norway, the workshop employed sea spray icing as a use-case for various decision scenario exercises, using both fixed probability and fixed threshold formats, supplemented with temporal ensemble diagrams. Accumulated operational expertise and characteristics of the forecast information itself, such as color coding and different forms of forecast uncertainty visualizations, were found to affect perceptions of decision-making quality. Findings can inform co-design processes of translating ensemble forecasts into usable and useful public and commercial forecast information services. The collaborative nature of the workshop facilitated knowledge sharing and co-production between forecast providers and users. Overall, the study highlights the importance of incorporating methodological approaches that consider the complex and dynamic operational contexts of ensemble-based forecast provision, communication, and use.","PeriodicalId":507492,"journal":{"name":"Weather, Climate, and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139780063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extreme weather events and the energy sector in 2021 2021 年极端天气事件与能源行业

Weather, Climate, and Society Pub Date : 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.1175/wcas-d-23-0115.1

J. A. Añel, Celia Pérez-Souto, S. Bayo-Besteiro, Luis Prieto-Godino, Hannah Bloomfield, Alberto Troccoli, Laura de la Torre

引用次数: 0

Crowdsourced meteorological data to supplement limited official sources: A survey and case study of precipitation monitoring in Guangzhou, China 补充有限官方来源的众包气象数据：中国广州降水监测调查与案例研究

Weather, Climate, and Society Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1175/wcas-d-23-0065.1

Yu Yu, Lei Cao, Zhihua Ren, Yan Xu, Wei Feng, Licheng Zhao

{"title":"Crowdsourced meteorological data to supplement limited official sources: A survey and case study of precipitation monitoring in Guangzhou, China","authors":"Yu Yu, Lei Cao, Zhihua Ren, Yan Xu, Wei Feng, Licheng Zhao","doi":"10.1175/wcas-d-23-0065.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-23-0065.1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Crowdsourced meteorological data may provide a useful supplement to operational observations. However, the willingness of various parties to share their data remains unclear. Here, a survey on data applications was carried out to investigate the willingness to participate in crowdsourcing observations. Of the 21 responses, 71% expressed difficulty in meeting the requirement of data services using only their own observations and revealed that they would be willing to exchange data with other parties under some framework; moreover, 90% expressed a willingness to participate in crowdsourcing observations. The findings suggest that in a way the social foundation of crowdsourcing has been established in China. Additionally, a case study on precipitation monitoring was performed in Guangzhou, the capital city of Guangdong Province, South China. Three sources of hourly measurements were combined after data quality control and calibration and interpolated over Guangzhou (gridded precipitation was based on combined data, and it is referred to as the COM grid). Subsequently, the COM grid was compared with the grid data based only on observations from the China Meteorological Administration using three indices, namely cumulative precipitation, precipitation intensity, and heavy rain hours. The results indicate that requirement for more observations could benefit from crowdsourced data, especially on uneven terrain and in regions covered by sparse surface stations.","PeriodicalId":507492,"journal":{"name":"Weather, Climate, and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139790589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crowdsourced meteorological data to supplement limited official sources: A survey and case study of precipitation monitoring in Guangzhou, China 补充有限官方来源的众包气象数据：中国广州降水监测调查与案例研究

Weather, Climate, and Society Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1175/wcas-d-23-0065.1

Yu Yu, Lei Cao, Zhihua Ren, Yan Xu, Wei Feng, Licheng Zhao

{"title":"Crowdsourced meteorological data to supplement limited official sources: A survey and case study of precipitation monitoring in Guangzhou, China","authors":"Yu Yu, Lei Cao, Zhihua Ren, Yan Xu, Wei Feng, Licheng Zhao","doi":"10.1175/wcas-d-23-0065.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-23-0065.1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Crowdsourced meteorological data may provide a useful supplement to operational observations. However, the willingness of various parties to share their data remains unclear. Here, a survey on data applications was carried out to investigate the willingness to participate in crowdsourcing observations. Of the 21 responses, 71% expressed difficulty in meeting the requirement of data services using only their own observations and revealed that they would be willing to exchange data with other parties under some framework; moreover, 90% expressed a willingness to participate in crowdsourcing observations. The findings suggest that in a way the social foundation of crowdsourcing has been established in China. Additionally, a case study on precipitation monitoring was performed in Guangzhou, the capital city of Guangdong Province, South China. Three sources of hourly measurements were combined after data quality control and calibration and interpolated over Guangzhou (gridded precipitation was based on combined data, and it is referred to as the COM grid). Subsequently, the COM grid was compared with the grid data based only on observations from the China Meteorological Administration using three indices, namely cumulative precipitation, precipitation intensity, and heavy rain hours. The results indicate that requirement for more observations could benefit from crowdsourced data, especially on uneven terrain and in regions covered by sparse surface stations.","PeriodicalId":507492,"journal":{"name":"Weather, Climate, and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139850325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship between famine and climatic disasters in China during the Qing Dynasty 清代中国饥荒与气候灾害的关系

Weather, Climate, and Society Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1175/wcas-d-23-0048.1

Zhudeng Wei, Beibei Li

{"title":"Relationship between famine and climatic disasters in China during the Qing Dynasty","authors":"Zhudeng Wei, Beibei Li","doi":"10.1175/wcas-d-23-0048.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-23-0048.1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Famine poses a significant threat to human food security and sustainable development. This study investigates the prevalence and magnitude of famine and its connection to climatic change/disasters at different spatiotemporal scales. The famine index was reconstructed using 13,828 famine-related literature records in China during the Qing Dynasty (AD 1644-1911). The study found that extreme drought/flood events instantaneously triggered famine at the seasonal to interannual scale, leading to intermittent occurrences of great famines. Drought-induced famine was the most prominent. Famine was positively correlated with drought in both short-term variations and long-term trends across different regions. The effect of floods on famines was double-edged and varied between the north and south of China. The severe famines that occurred between 1811 and 1878 were related to both climatic cooling and an increase in drought/flood events under a situation of growing population pressure on resources. The greatest famine of 1876-1878 was probably the result of long-term interactions among intensifying man-land contradictions since the early 19th century, periodic droughts in north China, and a weakening of regional buffering mechanisms due to flood-induced declines in south China.","PeriodicalId":507492,"journal":{"name":"Weather, Climate, and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139791120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship between famine and climatic disasters in China during the Qing Dynasty 清代中国饥荒与气候灾害的关系

Weather, Climate, and Society Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1175/wcas-d-23-0048.1

Zhudeng Wei, Beibei Li

{"title":"Relationship between famine and climatic disasters in China during the Qing Dynasty","authors":"Zhudeng Wei, Beibei Li","doi":"10.1175/wcas-d-23-0048.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-23-0048.1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Famine poses a significant threat to human food security and sustainable development. This study investigates the prevalence and magnitude of famine and its connection to climatic change/disasters at different spatiotemporal scales. The famine index was reconstructed using 13,828 famine-related literature records in China during the Qing Dynasty (AD 1644-1911). The study found that extreme drought/flood events instantaneously triggered famine at the seasonal to interannual scale, leading to intermittent occurrences of great famines. Drought-induced famine was the most prominent. Famine was positively correlated with drought in both short-term variations and long-term trends across different regions. The effect of floods on famines was double-edged and varied between the north and south of China. The severe famines that occurred between 1811 and 1878 were related to both climatic cooling and an increase in drought/flood events under a situation of growing population pressure on resources. The greatest famine of 1876-1878 was probably the result of long-term interactions among intensifying man-land contradictions since the early 19th century, periodic droughts in north China, and a weakening of regional buffering mechanisms due to flood-induced declines in south China.","PeriodicalId":507492,"journal":{"name":"Weather, Climate, and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139850923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visualizing hope: Investigating the effect of public art on risk perception and awareness of climate adaptation 希望可视化：调查公共艺术对风险认知和气候适应意识的影响

Weather, Climate, and Society Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1175/wcas-d-23-0081.1

Andrea Mah, Carolina Aragón, Ezra M. Markowitz

{"title":"Visualizing hope: Investigating the effect of public art on risk perception and awareness of climate adaptation","authors":"Andrea Mah, Carolina Aragón, Ezra M. Markowitz","doi":"10.1175/wcas-d-23-0081.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-23-0081.1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000To support human flourishing in a climate changed-world, individuals and communities will have to take costly and challenging adaptation actions. Although there is evidence of increasing public concern over climate change, current levels of engagement and adaptation action remain insufficient. There is a need for innovative ways to bring individuals and communities into the climate movement. Public art installations that creatively communicate relevant aspects of the problem may represent one largely untapped pathway to greater levels of engagement. Here, we examined how virtual exposure to a public art installation, FutureSHORELINE, impacted climate change risk perceptions, attitudes, behaviors, and emotions. The installation depicted sea-level rise impacts and solutions for a shoreline area in Boston, Massachusetts. In Study 1 (N = 474) participants were randomly assigned to view the art in different formats: video, stills, or 360-degree viewers. Exposure to this installation, in any format, was associated with greater perceived risk of climate change, feelings of personal responsibility to address climate change, and likelihood of engaging in community-led initiatives related to climate change as compared with pre-art-exposure levels. In Study 2 (N = 294), the video was compared with and without text to a no-information control. This study revealed that the video impacted emotional reactions to climate change. Public art installations may present a model by which to make information about the local impacts of climate change and proposed adaptation solutions visible to diverse audiences, providing a novel way to increase public concern and engagement.","PeriodicalId":507492,"journal":{"name":"Weather, Climate, and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140483457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extreme Weather Events and Expected Parental Roles in Bangladesh and Beyond: A Review of Literature 孟加拉国及其他国家的极端天气事件与父母的预期角色：文献综述

Weather, Climate, and Society Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1175/wcas-d-23-0060.1

Shah Md. Atiqul Haq, Arnika Tabassum Arno, Shamim Al Aziz Lalin, M. Ahmed

{"title":"Extreme Weather Events and Expected Parental Roles in Bangladesh and Beyond: A Review of Literature","authors":"Shah Md. Atiqul Haq, Arnika Tabassum Arno, Shamim Al Aziz Lalin, M. Ahmed","doi":"10.1175/wcas-d-23-0060.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-23-0060.1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Extreme weather events linked to climate change are expected to increase in frequency in the coming years, putting the entire world at danger. Parents exert a significant influence on the lives of their children and the overall function of the family unit. However, natural disasters have a significant impact on daily life and pose an immediate danger, resulting in loss of life, injuries, and property damage. In addition, disasters can also have an impact on the responsibilities that parents play in their house. This study examines the evolving dynamics of parental roles in the context of EWEs, examining the shifting expectations and actual realities of fatherhood and motherhood. The study examines the various effects of EWEs on family structures, gender roles, and parental obligations by conducting a comprehensive review of 30 relevant articles. Our findings indicate that in severe weather conditions, men tend to adopt the position of “father” and are perceived as heroic figures, rescuers, and guardians/protectors who prioritize the well-being of their children and families, as well as take on financial obligations. On the other hand, women are often viewed as caregivers/rescuers/victims during such conditions. Moreover, in many countries, women are expected to care for other family members, including younger children and the elderly, which may limit their mobility during severe weather. Extreme weather conditions affect men and women differently, and there may also be significant differences in gender-related expectations and dimensions within a country. It is therefore essential to thoroughly study how these roles change in response to extreme weather events. We recommend conducting additional rigorous studies, both quantitative and qualitative, to comprehensively examine this relationship. This study will aid in designing initiatives aimed at fostering parenting attributes, particularly in regions susceptible to disasters.","PeriodicalId":507492,"journal":{"name":"Weather, Climate, and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140479817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Exploratory Content Analysis of Two Local Television Stations’ Tornado Warning Broadcasts 对两家地方电视台龙卷风警报广播的探索性内容分析

Weather, Climate, and Society Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1175/wcas-d-23-0011.1

Kathleen Sherman-Morris, S. M. A. Ali

{"title":"An Exploratory Content Analysis of Two Local Television Stations’ Tornado Warning Broadcasts","authors":"Kathleen Sherman-Morris, S. M. A. Ali","doi":"10.1175/wcas-d-23-0011.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-23-0011.1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In-depth analysis of the content of broadcast tornado warning coverage is limited. Such analysis is important due to local television’s role as a key source for tornado warning information. This study attempts to fill gaps in our knowledge regarding broadcast coverage of tornado warnings by demonstrating how local television news stations’ coverage of tornadic events can be systematically analyzed to better understand this element of warning communication. We reviewed both visual and verbal content for information such as the prominence of specific radar products, the geographic scale of warning communication, and common themes in verbal communication. A combination of deductive and inductive coding approaches was used to summarize the verbal content of the broadcasts. We found that the stations heavily used radar products with reflectivity and velocity surpassing correlation coefficient. The geographic scale of mapped products (street, city/county, and state level) appeared to be related to the rural or urban nature of the area warned, which may have implications for how readily rural residents would be able to personalize tornado threats. Verbal content was very similar between the two stations. The theme of monitoring and updating conditions, which included processes such as zooming in and out, making adjustments, reinforcing conditions, and providing damage reports was the most frequent communication type, likely because weathercasters use these processes to both communicate the warning and also to help themselves understand the situation. The results can inform future studies examining the influence of specific elements of broadcast warning coverage on risk perception and protective actions.","PeriodicalId":507492,"journal":{"name":"Weather, Climate, and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139525600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Why Livelihoods Matter in The Gendering of Household Water Insecurity 在家庭用水不安全的性别化问题中，为什么生计很重要？

Weather, Climate, and Society Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1175/wcas-d-22-0105.1

Elisabeth Kago Ilboudo Nébié, A. Brewis, Amber Wutich, Yogo Pérenne, Kadidiatou Magassa

{"title":"Why Livelihoods Matter in The Gendering of Household Water Insecurity","authors":"Elisabeth Kago Ilboudo Nébié, A. Brewis, Amber Wutich, Yogo Pérenne, Kadidiatou Magassa","doi":"10.1175/wcas-d-22-0105.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-22-0105.1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000One of the most pressing and immediate climate concerns globally is inadequate and unsafe household water. The livelihoods of smallholder crop and livestock farmers are especially vulnerable to these challenges. Past research suggests that water insecurity is highly gendered, and women are theorized to be more aware of and impacted by water insecurity than men. Our study re-engages this literature through a livelihood lens, comparing gendered perception of household water insecurity across crop and livestock subsistence modalities in a semi-arid region of Burkina Faso in the Sahel region of West Africa where water insecurity is closely intertwined with both seasonality and rainfall unpredictability. Our mixed-methods ethnographic study sampled matched men and women in households with water insecurity data collected from 158 co-resident spousal pairs who engaged primarily in pastoralism or agriculture. Contrary to predictions from the existing literature, men engaged in livestock husbandry perceived greater water insecurity than matched women in the same household. We suggest this reflects men’s responsibility for securing water for the animals—which consumes most of the household’s water among livestock farmers. In contrast, men engaged in cropping perceive less water insecurity than women in the same household, aligning with predictions from past research. Our findings suggest that the relationship between gender and water insecurity is more highly nuanced and related to livelihood strategies than previously recognized, with significant implications for how water insecurity is conceptualized theoretically and methodologically in the contexts of people’s everyday management and experience of the most immediate and proximate climate-related challenges.","PeriodicalId":507492,"journal":{"name":"Weather, Climate, and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139446543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0