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Centralized climate clubs and decentralized governance: A model of global CO2 mitigation 集中的气候俱乐部和分散的治理：全球二氧化碳减排模式
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12586
Shyam Nath, Y. N. Madhoo
{"title":"Centralized climate clubs and decentralized governance: A model of global CO2 mitigation","authors":"Shyam Nath, Y. N. Madhoo","doi":"10.1111/ajes.12586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajes.12586","url":null,"abstract":"This paper extends the climate literature by examining the feasibility of integrating sub‐national governance into global club governance for mitigating CO2 emissions. Global climate clubs become an argument for having separate bundles of emission targets and incentive mechanisms in the form of opportunities for climate finance and technology sharing among the club members. An exploratory analysis is important to examine the role of import and export taxes and other channels, such as the clean development mechanism, in meeting the objective of nonmember countries to join the club. The crux, however, is how, after determining national‐level quotas, the mitigation responsibilities are shared with subnational entities. We propose a design of a carbon entry tax at the subnational level, namely states, districts, and municipalities. The carbon entry tax uses the nighttime luminosity data published by NASA as a measure of carbon, which constitutes the tax base. The carbon entry tax serves as a fiscal instrument of decarbonization in a decentralized framework.","PeriodicalId":507302,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Economics and Sociology","volume":"90 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140964282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Charting the course: America's energy crossroads and the quest for a sustainable future 指明方向：美国的能源十字路口和对可持续未来的追求
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12576
S. Oprea, A. Bâra
{"title":"Charting the course: America's energy crossroads and the quest for a sustainable future","authors":"S. Oprea, A. Bâra","doi":"10.1111/ajes.12576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajes.12576","url":null,"abstract":"Energy and environment views of over 10,000 American respondents are captured in a complex survey created by the Pew Research Center (PRC). This paper is based on data collected during a panel wave that took place in May 2022. The survey aims to capture the nuanced perspectives of a nationally representative group of U.S. adults, with particular attention to ensuring participation from traditionally underrepresented or hard‐to‐reach demographics. To analyze the responses, we cluster raw and encoded data and identify the main groups of respondents and their characteristics. Three main clusters are identified using K‐means (silhouette score of .78) with a larger cluster “Mainstream Respondents” that shows moderate views on energy and environmental issues. The second cluster “Outliers or Niche Group” is the smallest cluster representing respondents with unique or extreme views, high income or education levels or specific demographic attributes that set them apart from the majority. The third cluster “Specific Interest Group” has moderate size and characteristics that are distinct but not as extreme as the second cluster. On the other hand, two more balanced clusters (4265/6017) are obtained with K‐modes (Davies–Bouldin Index 2.61) using the unencoded data: “Traditional Energy Advocates” highlights the cluster's preference for traditional energy sources over alternative or renewable energy sources (RES), and “Sustainable Future Supporters” emphasizes the cluster's support for environmental sustainability and RES. These names aim to succinctly capture the essence of each cluster's predominant attitudes toward energy and environmental issues, reflecting their preferences and priorities. The results are significant for understanding trends within the U.S. population, informing policymakers and contributing to academic research.","PeriodicalId":507302,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Economics and Sociology","volume":"34 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140981128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evangelicals and global warming 福音派与全球变暖
The American Journal of Economics and Sociology Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12578
Terry F. Defoe
{"title":"Evangelicals and global warming","authors":"Terry F. Defoe","doi":"10.1111/ajes.12578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajes.12578","url":null,"abstract":"Evangelicals have long been suspicious of scientific expertise. About 60% of evangelicals, a group which makes up approximately one‐third of the US population, reject climate change. Many evangelicals allow the Bible to take precedence over science. Various non‐scientific factors contribute to this pervasive skepticism. This paper lists several social and cultural factors that contribute to evangelical concerns, including religion, politics, education, and conservative media. The paper ends on a positive note, pointing out that young evangelicals are taking the lead in getting the word out, lobbying climate‐denying politicians and educators, in addition to contacting young people in universities, places of worship, and through social media, sharing information about climate change with their peers, with the clear advantage of being from the same faith community. As a group, evangelicals present a formidable challenge to effectively dealing with global warming, but a few glimmers of hope are beginning to emerge.","PeriodicalId":507302,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Economics and Sociology","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140982891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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