Cladistics最新文献

{"title":"Molecular phylogeny of the tropical wandering spiders (Araneae, Ctenidae) and the evolution of eye conformation in the RTA clade","authors":"Nicolas A. Hazzi,&nbsp;Gustavo Hormiga","doi":"10.1111/cla.12518","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cla.12518","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tropical wandering spiders (Ctenidae) are a diverse group of cursorial predators with its greatest species richness in the tropics. Traditionally, Ctenidae are diagnosed based on the presence of eight eyes arranged in three rows (a 2–4–2 pattern). We present a molecular phylogeny of Ctenidae, including for the first time representatives of all of its subfamilies. The molecular phylogeny was inferred using five nuclear (histone H3, 28S, 18S, Actin and ITS-2) and four mitochondrial (NADH, COI, 12S and 16S) markers. The final matrix includes 259 terminals, 103 of which belong to Ctenidae and represent 28 of the current 49 described genera. We estimated divergence times by including fossils as calibration points and biogeographic events, and used the phylogenetic hypothesis obtained to reconstruct the evolution of the eye conformation in the retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) clade. Ctenidae and its main lineages originated during the Paleocene–Eocene and have diversified in the tropics since then. However, in some analyses Ctenidae was recovered as polyphyletic as the genus <i>Ancylometes</i> Bertkau, 1880 was placed as sister to Oxyopidae. Except for Acantheinae, in which the type genus <i>Acantheis</i> Thorell, 1891 is placed inside Cteninae, the four recognized subfamilies of Ctenidae are monophyletic in most analyses. The ancestral reconstruction of the ocular conformation in the retrolateral tibial apophysis clade suggests that the ocular pattern of Ctenidae has evolved convergently seven times and that it has originated from ocular conformations of two rows of four eyes (4–4) and the ocular pattern of lycosids (4–2–2). We also synonymize the monotypic genus <i>Parabatinga</i> Polotov &amp; Brescovit, 2009 with <i>Centroctenus</i> Mello-Leitão, 1929. We discuss some of the putative morphological synapomorphies of the main ctenid lineages within the phylogenetic framework offered by the molecular phylogenetic results of the study.</p>","PeriodicalId":50688,"journal":{"name":"Cladistics","volume":"39 1","pages":"18-42"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9175671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1176/rcp2.1050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/rcp2.1050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50688,"journal":{"name":"Cladistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47927992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relative performance of Bayesian morphological clock and parsimony methods for phylogenetic reconstructions: Insights from the case of Myomiminae and Dryomyinae glirid rodents","authors":"Andrea Dalmasso,&nbsp;Pablo Peláez-Campomanes,&nbsp;Raquel López-Antoñanzas","doi":"10.1111/cla.12516","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cla.12516","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Extinct organisms provide crucial information about the origin and time of origination of extant groups. The importance of morphological phylogenetics for rigorously dating the tree of life is now widely recognized and has been revitalized by methodological developments such as the application of tip-dating Bayesian approaches. Traditionally, molecular clocks have been node calibrated. However, node calibrations are often unsatisfactory because they do not allow the fossil age to inform about phylogenetic hypothesis. The introduction of tip calibrations allow fossil species to be included alongside their living relatives, and the absence of molecular sequence data for these taxa to be remedied by supplementing the sequence alignments for living taxa with phenotype character matrices for both living and fossil taxa. Therefore, only phylogenetic analyses that take into account morphological characters can incorporate both fossil and extant species. Herein we present an unprecedented morphological dataset for a vast group of glirid rodents, to which different phylogenetic methodologies have been applied. We have compared the tree topologies resulting from traditional parsimony and Bayesian phylogenetic approaches and calculate stratigraphic congruence indices for each. Bayesian tip-dated clock methods seem to outperform parsimony with our dataset. The strict consensus tree recovered by tip dating invalidates the classic classification and allows dates to be proposed for the divergence and origin of the different clades.</p>","PeriodicalId":50688,"journal":{"name":"Cladistics","volume":"38 6","pages":"702-710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10632679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-gene phylogeny of North American clear-winged moths (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae): a foundation for future evolutionary study of a speciose mimicry complex","authors":"Anthony I. Cognato,&nbsp;William Taft,&nbsp;Rachel K. Osborn,&nbsp;Daniel Rubinoff","doi":"10.1111/cla.12515","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cla.12515","url":null,"abstract":"Sesiids are a diverse group of predominantly diurnal moths, many of which are Batesian mimics of Hymenoptera. However, their diversity and relationships are poorly understood. A multi‐gene phylogenetic analysis of 48 North American sesiid species confirmed the traditional taxonomic tribal ranks, demonstrated the paraphyly of Carmenta and Synanthedon with respect to several other genera and ultimately provided minimal phylogenetic resolution within and between North American and European groups. Character support from each gene suggested inconsistency between the phylogenetic signal of the CAD gene and that of the other four genes. However, removal of CAD from subsequent phylogenetic analyses did not substantially change the initial phylogenetic results or return Carmenta and Synanthedon as reciprocally monophyletic, suggesting that it was not impacting the overall phylogenetic signal. The lack of resolution using genes that are typically informative at the species level for other lepidopterans suggests a surprisingly rapid radiation of species in Carmenta/Synanthedon. This group also exhibits a wide range of mimicry strategies and hostplant usage, which could be fertile ground for future study.","PeriodicalId":50688,"journal":{"name":"Cladistics","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cla.12515","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9532489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The stepwise Indian–Eurasian collision and uplift of the Himalayan-Tibetan plateau drove the diversification of high-elevation Scytodes spiders","authors":"Yufa Luo,&nbsp;Shuqiang Li","doi":"10.1111/cla.12512","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cla.12512","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Cenozoic Indian–Eurasian collision and uplift of the Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau (HTP) are among the most important geological events in the world. They have affected the diversification of regional biota of many taxonomic groups on and around the HTP. However, the exact timing and model of the collision and uplift events and speciation on and around the HTP are still in debate. The Himalayas group of <i>Scytodes</i> spitting spiders (Araneae: Scytodidae) are distributed at high elevations of the HTP and northern Indochina. Here, we reconstruct a dated molecular phylogeny for pan-Himalayan <i>Scytodes</i> spiders, including the Himalayas group, with full geographical sampling of the species from the HTP and Indochina. We test a hypothesis to explain that the rich montane biodiversity of the region is uplift-driven diversification—that orogeny drives rapid <i>in situ</i> speciation of the resident <i>Scytodes</i> lineages. Our findings revealed that the separation of the Himalayas clade from the Myanmar clade took place during the middle Oligocene, reflecting the final collision of India with Eurasia. The deep divergences among three clades (the Himalayas, the Myanmar and the Indochina clades) occurred from the middle Eocene to the middle Oligocene, corresponding to two early uplift events of the HTP. The evolutionary split between the Himalayas + Myanmar and Indochina clades were simultaneous with the rapid lateral extrusion of Indochina by the initial Himalayan uplift around the Eocene. This study highlights the importance of the diversification of dispersal-limited, high-elevation invertebrates as independent lines of evidence to reflect key tectonic events in the Himalayan-Indochina region, supporting the stepwise model for the Indian–Eurasian collision and uplift of HTP.</p>","PeriodicalId":50688,"journal":{"name":"Cladistics","volume":"38 5","pages":"582-594"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10623050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Female terminalia morphology and cladistic relations among Tok-Tok beetles (Tenebrionidae: Sepidiini)","authors":"Marcin J. Kamiński,&nbsp;Olivia M. Gearner,&nbsp;Marcin Raś,&nbsp;Elliot T. Hunsinger,&nbsp;Amelia L. Smith,&nbsp;Paloma Mas-Peinado,&nbsp;Jennifer C. Girón,&nbsp;Aleksandra G. Bilska,&nbsp;Werner P. Strümpher,&nbsp;Christopher C. Wirth,&nbsp;Kojun Kanda,&nbsp;Kali Swichtenberg,&nbsp;Dariusz Iwan,&nbsp;Aaron D. Smith","doi":"10.1111/cla.12510","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cla.12510","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tok-tokkies are one of the most iconic lineages within Tenebrionidae. In addition to containing some of the largest darkling beetles, this tribe is recognized for its remarkable form of sexual communication known as substrate tapping. Nevertheless, the phylogenetic relationships within the group remain poorly understood. This study investigates the usefulness of female terminalia morphology for delimiting Sepidiini and reconstructing relationships among it. Data on the structure of the ovipositors, genital tubes and spicula ventrali have been generated for &gt;200 species representing 28 Pimeliinae tribes. This dataset was used in a comparative analysis at the subfamilial level, which resulted in recognition of several unique features of tok-tokkie terminalia. Additionally, new features linking phenotypically challenging tribes also were recovered (Cryptochilini + Idisiini + Pimeliini). Secondly, 23 characters linked to the structure of female terminalia were defined for tok-tok beetles. Cladistic analysis demonstrates the nonmonophyletic nature of most of the recognized subtribes. The morphological dataset was analysed separately and in combination with available molecular data (CAD, Wg, cox1, cox2, 28S). All obtained topologies were largely congruent, supporting the following changes: Palpomodina Kamiński &amp; Gearner <b>subtr.n.</b> is erected to accommodate the genera <i>Namibomodes</i> and <i>Palpomodes</i>; <i>Argenticrinis</i> and <i>Bombocnodulus</i> are transferred from Hypomelina to Molurina; 153 species and subspecies previously classified within <i>Psammodes</i> are distributed over three separate genera (<i>Mariazofia</i> Kamiński <b>nom.n.</b>, <i>Piesomera</i> <b>stat.r.</b>, <i>Psammodes</i> <b>sens.n.</b>). <i>Psammodes sklodowskae</i> Kamiński &amp; Gearner <b>sp.n.</b> is described. Preliminary investigation of the ovipositor of <i>Mariazofia</i> <i>basuto</i> (Koch) <b>comb.n.</b> was carried out with the application of microcomputed tomography, illuminating the muscular system as a reliable reference point for recognizing homologous elements in highly modified ovipositors.</p>","PeriodicalId":50688,"journal":{"name":"Cladistics","volume":"38 6","pages":"623-648"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cla.12510","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10631375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intersubjective Corroboration","authors":"Andrew V. Z. Brower","doi":"10.1111/cla.12509","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cla.12509","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50688,"journal":{"name":"Cladistics","volume":"38 5","pages":"612-621"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46511747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights into the phylogeny of the complex thalloid liverworts (Marchantiopsida) based on chloroplast genomes","authors":"You-Liang Xiang,&nbsp;Xin-Jie Jin,&nbsp;Chao Shen,&nbsp;Xia-Fang Cheng,&nbsp;Lei Shu,&nbsp;Rui-Liang Zhu","doi":"10.1111/cla.12513","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cla.12513","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Marchantiopsida (complex thalloid liverworts) are one of the earliest lineages of embryophytes (land plants), and well-known for their air pores and chambers, pegged rhizoids, and absence of organellular RNA editing sites. Despite their importance to an understanding of early embryophyte evolution, many key nodes within this class remain poorly resolved, owing to the paucity of genetic loci previously available for phylogenetic analyses. Here, we sequenced 54 plastomes, representing 28 genera, nearly all families, and all orders of Marchantiopsida. Based on these plastomes, we present a hypothesis of deep relationships within the class, and make the first investigations of gene contents and synteny. Overall, the Marchantiopsida plastomes were well-conserved, with the exception of the genus <i>Cyathodium</i> that has plastomes with higher GC content, fewer single sequence repeats (SSRs), and more structural variations, implying that this genus might possess RNA editing sites. Abundant repetitive elements and six highly divergent regions were identified as suitable for future infrafamilial taxonomic studies. The phylogenetic topology of Sphaerocarpales, Neohodgsoniales and Blasiales within Marchantiopsida was essentially congruent with previous studies but generally we obtained higher support values. Based on molecular evidence and previous morphological studies, we include Lunulariales in Marchantiales and suggest the retention of narrowed delimitation of monotypic families. The phylogenetic relationships within Marchantiales were better resolved, and 13 monophyletic families were recovered. Our analyses confirmed that the loss of intron 2 of <i>ycf3</i> is a synapomorphy of Marchantiidae. Finally, we propose a new genus, <i>Asterellopsis</i> (Aytoniaceae), and present an updated classification of Marchantiopsida. The highly supported phylogenetic backbone provided here establishes a framework for future comparative and evolutionary studies of the complex thalloid liverworts.</p>","PeriodicalId":50688,"journal":{"name":"Cladistics","volume":"38 6","pages":"649-662"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10631369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyb-Seq provides new insights into the phylogeny and evolution of the Chrysanthemum zawadskii species complex in China","authors":"Wen-Xun Lu,&nbsp;Xue-Ying Hu,&nbsp;Zi-Zhao Wang,&nbsp;Guang-Yuan Rao","doi":"10.1111/cla.12514","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cla.12514","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A species complex is an assemblage of closely related species with blurred boundaries, and from which species could arise from different speciation processes and/or a speciation continuum. Such a complex can provide an opportunity to investigate evolutionary mechanisms acting on speciation. The <i>Chrysanthemum zawadskii</i> species complex in China, a monophyletic group of <i>Chrysanthemum</i>, consists of seven species with considerable morphological variation, diverse habitats and different distribution patterns. Here, we used Hyb-Seq data to construct a well-resolved phylogeny of the <i>C. zawadskii</i> complex. Then, we performed comparative analyses of variation patterns in morphology, ecology and distribution to investigate the roles of geography and ecology in this complex’s diversification. Lastly, we implemented divergence time estimation, species distribution modelling and ancestral area reconstruction to trace the evolutionary history of this complex. We concluded that the <i>C. zawadskii</i> complex originated in the Qinling–Daba mountains during the early Pliocene and then spread west and northward along the mountain ranges to northern China. During this process, geographical and ecological factors imposing different influences resulted in the current diversification and distribution patterns of this species complex, which is composed of both well-diverged species and diverging lineages on the path of speciation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50688,"journal":{"name":"Cladistics","volume":"38 6","pages":"663-683"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9198626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cretaceous lophocoronids with short proboscis and retractable female genitalia provide the earliest evidence for their feeding and oviposition habits","authors":"Weiting Zhang,&nbsp;Chungkun Shih,&nbsp;Michael S. Engel,&nbsp;Dong Ren","doi":"10.1111/cla.12511","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cla.12511","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We describe two new species of Lophocoronidae: <i>Acanthocorona hedida</i> Zhang, Shih and Engel <b>sp. n.</b> and <i>Acanthocorona venulosa</i> Zhang, Shih and Engel <b>sp. n.</b>, and an undetermined specimen from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber. Phylogenetic analysis of basal lepidopteran lineages, including three extinct families, was undertaken. The analysis supported monophyly of Glossata although internal relationships remain controversial. <i>Acanthocorona</i> and <i>Lophocorona</i> form a monophyletic group. It is likely that short and simply structured proboscides of <i>Acanthocorona</i> were used to sip water droplets, pollination drops from gymnosperms, nectar from early flowers, or sap from injured leaves. Both retracted and extended ovipositors are preserved in the material reported here, revealing their morphology and indicating that these Cretaceous lophocoronids inserted eggs into the tissues of their host plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":50688,"journal":{"name":"Cladistics","volume":"38 6","pages":"684-701"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10632633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}