Clinical and Investigative Medicine最新文献

{"title":"A Cross-Sectional Study of the Relationship Between Low-Level Live Microbe Dietary Intake and Periodontitis among US Adults: Results from the NHANES 2009-2014.","authors":"Xuming Wang, Xiaoli Ji","doi":"10.3138/cim-2024-0137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cim-2024-0137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The dietary intake of live microbes is inextricably linked to human health. The aim of this study was to investigate a potential relationship between low-level dietary live microbe (LDLM) intake and periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>According to the Sanders dietary live microbial classification system and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American Academy of Periodontology periodontitis case definitions, this observational study included a total of 3,116 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database with complete periodontal data and LDLM intake. Univariate analysis, multivariable logistic regression analysis, and restricted cubic spline regression were performed to analyze the association between periodontitis and LDLM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for all covariates, LDLM was found to be associated with periodontitis prevalence (<i>P</i> = 0.05 for trend) but not with periodontitis severity. The results of the restricted cubic spline analysis showed a non-linear relationship between LDLM and periodontitis prevalence (<i>P</i> = 0.05). Periodontitis prevalence was lowest with LDLM consumption of 2,923.89 g per day.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LDLM intake showed a statistically significant non-linear relationship with periodontitis prevalence, with the lowest prevalence of periodontitis at an intake of 2,923.89 g per day.</p>","PeriodicalId":50683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Investigative Medicine","volume":"48 2","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 2024 Henry G. Friesen International Prize in Health Research.","authors":"Shengjie Ying, Gordon Guyatt","doi":"10.3138/cim-2025-guyatt","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cim-2025-guyatt","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[Table: see text].</p>","PeriodicalId":50683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Investigative Medicine","volume":"48 2","pages":"4-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The CSCI Distinguished Scientist Award.","authors":"Wenxuan Wang, Salonee V Patel, Jean-Claude Tardif","doi":"10.3138/cim-2025-tardif","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cim-2025-tardif","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[Table: see text].</p>","PeriodicalId":50683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Investigative Medicine","volume":"48 2","pages":"7-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Cost Cutting on MD-PhD Programs in Canada: Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Challenges for Clinician-Scientist Training Programs.","authors":"Anna Frumkin, Grace Yu, Kaiyang Li, Mimosa Luigi, Jamie Magrill","doi":"10.3138/cim-2025-0072","DOIUrl":"10.3138/cim-2025-0072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>MD-PhD programs play a critical role in training the next generation of clinician-scientists in Canada. However, since 2015, these programs have faced increasing financial pressures. This review examines the impact of cost-cutting measures on Canadian MD-PhD programs and their implications for equity, diversity, and inclusion initiatives in the Canadian context.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a mixed-methods approach, we analyzed funding structures across all 11 Canadian MD-PhD programs and compared them with 120 U.S. MD-PhD programs using publicly available data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen percent of Canadian MD-PhD programs (2 of 11) offer full funding, compared to 43% (52 of 120) of U.S. programs. Canadian MD-PhD applicants from two provinces (British Columbia and Ontario) have access to fully funded in-catchment programs (49% of Canada's population). By contrast, U.S. MD-PhD applicants from 31 states have access to fully funded in-catchment programs through Medical Scientist Training Programs (MSTPs) (85% of the U.S. population). Canadian MD-PhD programs have a more uneven geographical distribution and funding landscape than those in the United States, limiting accessibility for Canadian students from underrepresented and lower socioeconomic backgrounds.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite recent increases in diversity among MD-PhD trainees, financial constraints threaten to reverse these gains, reducing opportunities for historically marginalized groups. This review highlights the need for renewed provincial and federal investment in MD-PhD training. Without targeted policy and funding supports, the sustainability of Canadian MD-PhD programs-and the future of Canada's clinician-scientist training pipeline-remains uncertain. Addressing these challenges is essential to maintaining Canada's global competitiveness in medical and scientific innovation and ensuring that clinician-scientist leadership reflects the diversity of the patient populations they serve.</p>","PeriodicalId":50683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Investigative Medicine","volume":"48 2","pages":"38-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AUF1 mitigates retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in glaucoma by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.","authors":"Ping Jiang, Kongliang Sun, Yaoyin Ma, Xuesha Shi, Hanjun Dai, Zhi Li","doi":"10.3138/cim-2025-0119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cim-2025-0119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the protective effects of AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1 (AUF1) on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in a model of retinal injury, focusing on its interaction with the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 / heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) signalling pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a combination of histological, molecular, and flow cytometry analyses, we evaluated retinal thickness, apoptosis, and gene/protein expression in four experimental groups: one control, one model, and 2 intervention groups-AUF1 and AUF1+Nrf2/HO-1 inhibitor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that compared to the control group, the model group and the AUF1+Nrf2/HO-1 inhibitor group exhibited significant retinal damage, characterized by reduced retinal thickness and increased RGC apoptosis. Notably, the AUF1 intervention group showed a marked increase in retinal thickness and a significant reduction in RGC apoptosis, indicating that AUF1 overexpression protects RGCs from ischemic injury. Further analysis through Western blotting and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that AUF1 overexpression led to increased expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins and mRNA, while inhibition of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway reversed these effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that AUF1 mediates its protective effects through activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, offering a potential therapeutic target for retinal diseases involving RGC apoptosis. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms by which AUF1 regulates retinal cell survival and highlights the importance of the Nrf2/HO-1 signalling axis in retinal protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":50683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Investigative Medicine","volume":"48 2","pages":"47-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"25-hydroxyvitamin D3 exerts a protective effect on coronary artery lesions in a mouse model of Kawasaki disease by inhibiting JAK1/STAT3 and TLR4 pathways.","authors":"Yan Chen, Qingmei Zhou, Qiong Zhao, Jinghui Yang","doi":"10.3138/cim-2025-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cim-2025-0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis in children, and the resultant inflammatory process can lead to coronary artery aneurysms. The study aimed to investigate the role of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ (25-OH-D₃), a stable circulating form of vitamin D₃, in KD mouse models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The KD mouse model was established through intraperitoneal injection of 500 μg <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> cell wall extract (LCWE). 25-OH-D₃ was intraperitoneally injected to mice before and after LCWE injection. The mice were euthanized 7, 14, or 28 days after LCWE injection. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe inflammation in mouse coronary artery tissues. ELISA was conducted to assess serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (tumour necrosis factor α and interleukin-1 beta ). Aorta areas and maximal aorta diameters were measured. Western blotting was performed to measure factors involved in JAK1/STAT3 and TLR4 signalling pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LCWE caused inflammatory cell infiltration in mouse coronary arteries, leading to high heart vessel inflammation scores, coronary artery lesion scores, and inflammatory cytokine levels within 28 days. In addition, LCWE induced the development of abdominal aorta aneurysms and dilatations. 25-OH-D₃ exerted a protective role in the KD mouse model by inhibiting coronary artery lesions and inflammation. Moreover, 25-OH-D₃ suppressed LCWE-induced activation of the JAK1/STAT3 and TLR4 pathways in coronary artery tissues.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>25-OH-D₃ ameliorates LCWE-induced coronary artery lesions and inflammation in mice by inhibiting the JAK1/STAT3 and TLR4 pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":50683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Investigative Medicine","volume":"48 2","pages":"29-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proceedings from the 16th Annual University of Calgary Leaders in Medicine Research Symposium.","authors":"Joanna R G Keough, Robert T Moore, Qandeel Shafqat, Zoya Punjwani, Emily Au, Govind Peringod, Zahra Goodarzi","doi":"10.3138/cim-2025-symposium","DOIUrl":"10.3138/cim-2025-symposium","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 16th annual Leaders in Medicine (LIM) Research Symposium was held in person at the Health Sciences Centre in Calgary on November 15, 2024. The event featured a keynote address by Dr. Bryan Yipp, titled \"Medically Trained Scientists: Fueling Healthcare Revolutions.\" Dr. Yipp is a clinician-scientist and a graduate of the LIM program. A workshop on \"Integrating Anti-Racism, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion into Health Research and Practise\" was presented by Dr. Bukola Salami, Vice President of the Canadian Nurses Association and a board member of the Black Opportunity Fund. Dr. Salami is a Full Professor in the Department of Community Health Sciences at the University of Calgary. Over eighty 80 students presented their research in the poster and oral presentation sessions. Abstracts included represented an incredible diversity of research areas, including biochemistry and molecular biology, biomedical technology and precision health, community health sciences and health services, medical sciences, and neurosciences. The symposium highlighted the incredible remarkable research accomplishments of LIM students and medical students at the University of Calgary.</p>","PeriodicalId":50683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Investigative Medicine","volume":"48 2","pages":"10-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upcoming Changes in Clinical and Investigative Medicine Format as of September 1, 2025.","authors":"Brent W Winston","doi":"10.3138/cim-2025-editorial","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cim-2025-editorial","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Investigative Medicine","volume":"48 2","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dr. Morley D. Hollenberg: A Life Dedicated to Discovery and Education.","authors":"","doi":"10.3138/cim-48-2-inmemoriam","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cim-48-2-inmemoriam","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[Table: see text].</p>","PeriodicalId":50683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Investigative Medicine","volume":"48 2","pages":"2-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Recognition of Dr. Robert Bortolussi.","authors":"Brent W Winston","doi":"10.3138/cim-48-1-editorial","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cim-48-1-editorial","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Investigative Medicine","volume":"48 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}