Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory最新文献

{"title":"Community in Organizational Research: A Review and an Institutional Logics Perspective","authors":"A. Georgiou, Daniel Arenas","doi":"10.1177/26317877231153189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26317877231153189","url":null,"abstract":"More than a decade ago, Thornton and colleagues added community to the inter-institutional system and argued that the community logic shapes individual and organizational behavior, determines organizing principles, and influences community–organization relationships. In justifying this addition and defining the ideal type, they drew mostly upon the literature on local communities and organizations. However, the increasing relevance of other types of communities to organization studies necessitates a re-examination and further specification of this framework. This article starts with a review of 172 papers from highly ranked organization and management journals over the last 30 years and summarizes insights on four types of communities for which discussion has flourished: communities of place, of practice, of users, and of firms. This is followed by pattern matching to explore whether these four types follow the initial description of the community logic. We find four variants of the community logic, one for each type of community. We show that all the reviewed types organize around a common boundary, which yields a new definition of the community logic. This commonality also offers scope for comparative research and reconceptualization of community–organization relationships. Furthermore, by specifying the organizing principles that vary, we extend previous research and explicate the main underpinnings of community organizing. The paper ends by suggesting avenues for future research that further embrace an institutional logics perspective on communities.","PeriodicalId":50648,"journal":{"name":"Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79646399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards an Object-Oriented Organization Theory: The Role of Entrepreneurial Objects in Organizational Emergence","authors":"Lauri Laine, Ewald Kibler","doi":"10.1177/26317877231153186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26317877231153186","url":null,"abstract":"Avant-garde entrepreneurship studies have contributed to organization theory through a strong process ontology on the creation of new potentialities for organizing; however, this has also further diminished scholarly attention to organizations as objects. It follows that the core entities of organization theory—real organizations—matter very little for theorizing organizational emergence. Based on Graham Harman’s object-oriented ontology (OOO), we develop the argument that objects, not unlike processes, can be entrepreneurial. Laying the ground for an object-oriented organization theory (OOOT), we posit that increased attention to viewing entrepreneurship as a quality invites organization theory into the weird reality of organizations as emergent autonomy-seeking objects. This becomes possible by way of a non-literal knowledge sustained by the commitment of another object that is neither reduceable to its components (including process itself) nor actions (including all forms of the relational determination of organizations). We close by discussing the uniqueness of OOOT through the example of Sun Ra and the Arkestra.","PeriodicalId":50648,"journal":{"name":"Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90114002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does big data serve policy? Not without context. An experiment with in silico social science.","authors":"Chris Graziul, Alexander Belikov, Ishanu Chattopadyay, Ziwen Chen, Hongbo Fang, Anuraag Girdhar, Xiaoshuang Jia, P M Krafft, Max Kleiman-Weiner, Candice Lewis, Chen Liang, John Muchovej, Alejandro Vientós, Meg Young, James Evans","doi":"10.1007/s10588-022-09362-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10588-022-09362-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The DARPA Ground Truth project sought to evaluate social science by constructing four varied simulated social worlds with hidden causality and unleashed teams of scientists to collect data, discover their causal structure, predict their future, and prescribe policies to create desired outcomes. This large-scale, long-term experiment of in silico social science, about which the ground truth of simulated worlds was known, but not by us, reveals the limits of contemporary quantitative social science methodology. First, problem solving without a shared ontology-in which many world characteristics remain existentially uncertain-poses strong limits to quantitative analysis even when scientists share a common task, and suggests how they could become insurmountable without it. Second, data labels biased the associations our analysts made and assumptions they employed, often away from the simulated causal processes those labels signified, suggesting limits on the degree to which analytic concepts developed in one domain may port to others. Third, the current standard for computational social science publication is a demonstration of novel causes, but this limits the relevance of models to solve problems and propose policies that benefit from the simpler and less surprising answers associated with most important causes, or the combination of all causes. Fourth, most singular quantitative methods applied on their own did not help to solve most analytical challenges, and we explored a range of established and emerging methods, including probabilistic programming, deep neural networks, systems of predictive probabilistic finite state machines, and more to achieve plausible solutions. However, despite these limitations common to the current practice of computational social science, we find on the positive side that even imperfect knowledge can be sufficient to identify robust prediction if a more pluralistic approach is applied. Applying competing approaches by distinct subteams, including at one point the vast TopCoder.com global community of problem solvers, enabled discovery of many aspects of the relevant structure underlying worlds that singular methods could not. Together, these lessons suggest how different a policy-oriented computational social science would be than the computational social science we have inherited. Computational social science that serves policy would need to endure more failure, sustain more diversity, maintain more uncertainty, and allow for more complexity than current institutions support.</p>","PeriodicalId":50648,"journal":{"name":"Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory","volume":"29 1","pages":"188-219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9713146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9549234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theorizing Gets Personal: Management Academia in the Mirror of Independent Work","authors":"Gianpiero Petriglieri, S. Ashford","doi":"10.1177/26317877231153188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26317877231153188","url":null,"abstract":"With the rise of a global marketplace for research ideas, and the increased precarity of teaching positions, academic labor occurs more so than ever in conditions that resemble those faced by independent workers. We came to this realization in the process of bridging these two worlds, so dissimilar institutionally and yet so resonant existentially. The freedom that must be coped with, the personal investment work, and the precariousness experienced, for both independent workers and academics, contribute to an obsession with productivity as a way to manage strong and conflicting emotions attendant to work. This essay offers a lens to interpret that obsession, and some advice for countering it and crafting a viable and vital working life, by cultivating connections to significant people, a specific and evocative place to work, soothing routines, and an overarching purpose. We must examine the experience of those who theorize for a living, this essay argues, if we aspire to bring theories to life. Focusing on the personal, existential experience of “being” an academic, the essay complements work on the social and institutional challenges of “doing” academia, and contends that sustaining personal investment in work is essential to developing more pluralistic and potent theories about the contemporary world of work.","PeriodicalId":50648,"journal":{"name":"Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80824906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban life: a model of people and places.","authors":"Andreas Züfle,&nbsp;Carola Wenk,&nbsp;Dieter Pfoser,&nbsp;Andrew Crooks,&nbsp;Joon-Seok Kim,&nbsp;Hamdi Kavak,&nbsp;Umar Manzoor,&nbsp;Hyunjee Jin","doi":"10.1007/s10588-021-09348-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10588-021-09348-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We introduce the Urban Life agent-based simulation used by the Ground Truth program to capture the innate needs of a human-like population and explore how such needs shape social constructs such as friendship and wealth. Urban Life is a spatially explicit model to explore how urban form impacts agents' daily patterns of life. By meeting up at places agents form social networks, which in turn affect the places the agents visit. In our model, location and co-location affect all levels of decision making as agents prefer to visit nearby places. Co-location is necessary (but not sufficient) to connect agents in the social network. The Urban Life model was used in the Ground Truth program as a virtual world testbed to produce data in a setting in which the underlying ground truth was explicitly known. Data was provided to research teams to test and validate Human Domain research methods to an extent previously impossible. This paper summarizes our Urban Life model's design and simulation along with a description of how it was used to test the ability of Human Domain research teams to predict future states and to prescribe changes to the simulation to achieve desired outcomes in our simulated world.</p>","PeriodicalId":50648,"journal":{"name":"Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory","volume":"29 1","pages":"20-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8572365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9529967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating individual and social learning: accuracy and evolutionary viability","authors":"I. Douven, Gerhard Schurz","doi":"10.1007/s10588-022-09372-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10588-022-09372-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50648,"journal":{"name":"Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43689521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccination trials on hold: malicious and low credibility content on Twitter during the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine development.","authors":"Sameera Horawalavithana, Ravindu De Silva, Nipuna Weerasekara, N G Kin Wai, Mohamed Nabeel, Buddhini Abayaratna, Charitha Elvitigala, Primal Wijesekera, Adriana Iamnitchi","doi":"10.1007/s10588-022-09370-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10588-022-09370-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of COVID-19 vaccines during the global pandemic that started in 2020 was marked by uncertainty and misinformation reflected also on social media. This paper provides a quantitative evaluation of the Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) shared on Twitter around the clinical trials of the AstraZeneca vaccine and their temporary interruption in September 2020. We analyzed URLs cited in Twitter messages before and after the temporary interruption of the vaccine development on September 9, 2020 to investigate the presence of low credibility and malicious information. We show that the halt of the AstraZeneca clinical trials prompted tweets that cast doubt, fear and vaccine opposition. We discovered a strong presence of URLs from low credibility or malicious websites, as classified by independent fact-checking organizations or identified by web hosting infrastructure features. Moreover, we identified what appears to be coordinated operations to artificially promote some of these URLs hosted on malicious websites.</p>","PeriodicalId":50648,"journal":{"name":"Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9703426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35208465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fake or not? Automated detection of COVID-19 misinformation and disinformation in social networks and digital media.","authors":"Izzat Alsmadi, Natalie Manaeva Rice, Michael J O'Brien","doi":"10.1007/s10588-022-09369-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10588-022-09369-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the continuous spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, misinformation poses serious threats and concerns. COVID-19-related misinformation integrates a mixture of health aspects along with news and political misinformation. This mixture complicates the ability to judge whether a claim related to COVID-19 is information, misinformation, or disinformation. With no standard terminology in information and disinformation, integrating different datasets and using existing classification models can be impractical. To deal with these issues, we aggregated several COVID-19 misinformation datasets and compared differences between learning models from individual datasets versus one that was aggregated. We also evaluated the impact of using several word- and sentence-embedding models and transformers on the performance of classification models. We observed that whereas word-embedding models showed improvements in all evaluated classification models, the improvement level varied among the different classifiers. Although our work was focused on COVID-19 misinformation detection, a similar approach can be applied to myriad other topics, such as the recent Russian invasion of Ukraine.</p>","PeriodicalId":50648,"journal":{"name":"Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9702725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35208464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Star-studded or equalitarianism: how does the distribution of creative stars affect exploration–exploitation balance?","authors":"Jie Mi, Zaiyang Xie, Shaojie Lv","doi":"10.1007/s10588-022-09368-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10588-022-09368-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50648,"journal":{"name":"Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory","volume":"29 1","pages":"336 - 362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43962180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collaboration of Firms With New Forms of Organizing: Extending the Relational View","authors":"Deniz Philipp Kruse, Golo Rövekamp, Christiana Weber","doi":"10.1177/26317877221131586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26317877221131586","url":null,"abstract":"New forms of organizing (NFOs) such as crowds and communities are increasingly relevant as novel collaboration partners for organizations. Although the motivations and goals that prompt organizations to collaborate (the why) have not changed over time, the way they collaborate (the how) seems to have changed significantly. Surprisingly, research to theorize these new forms of collaboration is still sparse. This conceptual paper investigates the extent to which a widely established theoretical framework—the relational view—can capture this new and mostly undertheorized setting of firm–NFO collaborations. More precisely, we ask whether and how the relational view also applies to this new context of interaction between firms and NFOs. Adopting the relational view’s four determinants as a framework, we systematically analyse and disentangle firms’ collaborations with NFOs. We ground this investigation in two analytical dimensions, the degree of NFO self-organizing and the degree of firm-relatedness. They enable us to exemplify the variety of new forms of collaboration and, most important, to delineate clear differences between firm–NFO collaboration and traditional interorganizational collaboration. We stress the boundaries of the relational view, suggest expanding its scope to capture the variety of firm–NFO collaborations, and propose ways of doing so.","PeriodicalId":50648,"journal":{"name":"Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89734663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}