Computers & Structures最新文献

{"title":"Model order reduction for fully coupled thermoelastic problems with non-linear temperature field","authors":"Ganesh S. Pawar ,&nbsp;Amar K. Gaonkar ,&nbsp;Salil S. Kulkarni","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In structural mechanics, thermomechanical coupling is essential for assessing the performance and safety of engineering systems. Finite element analysis is commonly used to model such problems; however, its high computational cost, particularly in non-linear scenarios, limits efficiency. This study introduces a hybrid reduced order model framework to address thermoelastic problems where the thermal part exhibits non-linearity while the mechanical part remains linear. The proposed hybrid reduced order model approach integrates reduction of the mechanical part using a modal or a Krylov bases while maintaining the thermal field at full-scale dimensions. In addition, a complete reduction is performed, where reduction of the thermal part is achieved through a two-tier process: proper orthogonal decomposition for primary reduction, followed by hyper-reduction techniques such as the energy conserving sampling and weighting and the discrete empirical interpolation method. Four distinct reduced order models are developed by combining different reduction techniques for the reduction of mechanical and thermal parts. The methodology is validated using 2D thermoelastic problems, demonstrating both accuracy and computational efficiency. Using nondimensional equations, an additional study is carried out to assess the influence of coupling on the sizes of different reduction quantities. This work advances reduced order model strategies for fully coupled physics problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108117"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146072493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-material floating projection topology optimization of thermo-mechanical structures using a linear material model","authors":"Chenfei Cao ,&nbsp;Jie Hu ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Huang ,&nbsp;Xing Chen ,&nbsp;Wenkang Cao ,&nbsp;Jiachun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The traditional single-material topology optimization struggle to achieve optimal objective performance of thermo-mechanical structures, as they fail to enable free selection and combination of multiple materials in multi-material systems. To address this challenge, this paper proposes an efficient multi-material floating projection topology optimization method for thermo-mechanical structures. By integrating a linear material interpolation model with thermal stress coefficients, the proposed approach simultaneously addresses the issues of design dependence on thermoelastic loads and material parasitism in low-density regions. Besides, the developed thermo-mechanical coupled optimization framework incorporates combined thermal and mechanical loads, employs a single mass constraint to minimize structural compliance, and eliminates the need for conventional multiple volume constraints. Some 2D and 3D benchmark numerical examples confirm that the proposed method eliminates the need for selecting complex optimization parameters, such as multi-material penalty factors, yielding smoother topological configurations with more compact structures and more rational thermo-mechanical transfer performance. Notably, the proposed approach enables adaptive retention or removal of multi-material topological phases in structures under a single mass constraint, outperforming those conventional designs with multiple volume constraints and single-material designs of equal mass. The presented results provide valuable insights into multi-physics topology optimization and the design of composite engineering structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108122"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146072494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physics-Informed neural network based inversion and prediction of natural chloride diffusion in uncracked and cracked concrete systems","authors":"Zhewen Huang ,&nbsp;Senlin Xie ,&nbsp;Kasyapa Sriram Kompella ,&nbsp;Estefanía Cuenca ,&nbsp;Stefano Mariani ,&nbsp;Liberato Ferrara","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studying chloride diffusion in concrete is essential for predicting structural durability and designing corrosion-resistant materials and structures. While analytical models and finite element methods can simulate diffusion, they typically require large and high-quality datasets and do not possess advantages in parameter identification. Physics-Informed Neural Network, which integrates Fick 2nd law with initial and boundary conditions, offer a promising alternative. It not only replicates diffusion behavior accurately but also enhances the fitting of experimental data via a data-driven loss term and enable inverse estimation of diffusion related parameters. This paper outlines three key advantages of using this new method for problem-solving about chloride diffusion in concrete: (1) robustness to noise and low data requirements for one-dimensional inverse estimation of diffusion coefficients; (2) strategy integrates data, physics, and engineering insights for parameter inversion.; and (3) extended physics-informed frameworks with weak constraints for cracked concrete. Overall, Physics-Informed Neural Network provides a robust numerical tool for efficient durability assessment and the design of corrosion-resistant and resilient concrete structures. For self-healing concrete, the proposed framework effectively estimates diffusion coefficient in healed crack and accurately predicts long-term diffusion behavior, contributing to the optimal design and evaluation of self-healing materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108120"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146072495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient optimization of clutched inerter dampers using mixed Lagrangian formalism","authors":"Yixuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Oren Lavan ,&nbsp;Christian Málaga-Chuquitaype","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clutched Inerter Dampers integrate inerters with one-way clutches and dampers, enabling the inerters to disengage from the host structure and dissipate energy, suppressing undesirable energy feedback and avoiding the direct alteration of the structural period, making clutched inerter dampers particularly attractive for vibration mitigation and energy harvesting applications. However, the nonlinearity and discontinuity introduced by clutch engagement-disengagement mechanisms pose significant challenges for their accurate numerical modelling and optimization-based design. Existing optimization approaches for such systems are predominantly based on simplified or linearised numerical models, or on exhaustive parameter scanning, which either fail to capture the true nonlinear behaviour or become impractical for realistic design spaces.</div><div>We present an adjoint-based, gradient-driven optimization framework for structures equipped with clutched inerter dampers in which the Mixed Lagrangian Formalism is employed as the time-integration scheme. Within the proposed framework, the nonlinear behaviour of clutched inerter dampers is fully captured, while computational efficiency and numerical robustness are achieved through the Mixed Lagrangian Formalism, which reduces the cost of individual response-history analyses and enhances stability in the presence of non-smooth dynamics. In addition, adjoint-based sensitivity analysis significantly decreases the number of simulations required during the optimization process. The framework enables efficient optimization of design parameters as demonstrated through a series of representative case studies. Our results show that, despite strong nonlinearity and discontinuous system responses, analytical gradients can be consistently derived, leading to substantial reductions in computational cost and improved optimization efficiency.</div><div>While the actual performance may be influenced by the characteristics of the design landscape and the choice of initial conditions, the proposed framework provides a robust and extensible basis for further methodological developments. It can be readily extended in future work to accommodate alternative optimization strategies or enhanced formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108121"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146071617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homogenization-based modelling of self-contact and fluid-structure interaction in the microstructure of poroelastic materials","authors":"Eduard Rohan,&nbsp;Jan Heczko","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents two-scale homogenization-based models of fluid-saturated porous elastic materials with self-contact interaction at the pore level. The periodic microstructures are constituted by a solid skeleton and fluid-filled pores. The unilateral frictionless contact interaction is considered on matching pore surfaces of the elastic skeleton, being coupled with the fluid-structure interaction. The periodic unfolding homogenization is employed to derive limit models for two types of periodic microstructures with disconnected and connected porosities. While in the first case the homogenized model is quite analogous to the one with void pores, in the latter case, the Stokes flow in deforming (possibly collapsible) porosity requires special treatment by a regularization to retain the pore connectivity. The macroscopic model attains the form of a nonlinear Biot continuum, whereby the Darcy flow model governs the fluid redistribution. To respect the dependence of the permeability on the deformation, an approximation based on the shape sensitivity analysis is proposed which enables to avoid resolving the microflow problems in severely deformed pores. Numerical examples of 2D deforming structures are presented to illustrate the influence of the pore fluid on the unilateral contact in the two types of porous structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108089"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling interface damage in masonry structures under cyclic loading conditions with cohesive fracture and regularized friction","authors":"G. Cera ,&nbsp;J.G. Rots ,&nbsp;A.T. Slobbe ,&nbsp;F. Messali","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An existing interface material model for quasi-brittle fracture, originally developed within the Discrete Element Method framework, is implemented and enhanced for use in implicit Finite Element analyses of unreinforced masonry structures. The model captures mixed-mode fracture in tension-shear and combines cohesion with Coulomb friction in compression-shear. To address convergence issues arising when loading–unloading takes place, due to a discontinuity in the traction–separation relation, a regularization of the frictional contribution is proposed. A new model parameter is introduced and a calibration procedure to ensure numerical robustness and objectivity is presented. Furthermore, the consistent tangent stiffness matrix is derived to improve convergence in full-scale simulations. The improved model is applied within a simplified micromodelling approach to simulate the in-plane cyclic response of 2D masonry structures, including a shear wall and a spandrel subjected to a combination of horizontal and vertical actions. The results demonstrate that the model accurately reproduces key aspects of masonry behaviour, including stiffness degradation, energy dissipation, and crack patterns, while maintaining robustness and efficiency in complex cyclic loading scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108116"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146072491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stochastic homogenized kinematic limit analysis for three quasi-periodic masonry bond patterns under in-plane loading via probability density evolution method","authors":"Xin Chen,&nbsp;Gabriele Milani,&nbsp;Yiwei Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an efficient method for stochastic homogenized kinematic limit analysis of three quasi-periodic masonry bond patterns subjected to in-plane loading. The proposed methodology involves two key points. Firstly, simplified 2D rigid-plastic homogenization models for three bond patterns are proposed. The kinematic limit analysis problem, incorporating proposed homogenization models, is then formulated and solved by linear programming to obtain deterministic failure surfaces. Secondly, the block heights and lengths of representative element of volume are treated as random variables, and the probability density evolution method is employed<!--> <!-->to obtain the probability information (such as means and probability density functions) of failure surfaces. Three numerical examples are investigated. The results show that the proposed method can accurately derive the probabilistic information of failure surfaces and achieving a computational cost that is ten times lower than Monte Carlo simulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108118"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-quality quad-dominant mesh generation aided by the virtual topological model generated after automatic suppression of small geometric features","authors":"Haidong Wang ,&nbsp;Feiqi Wang ,&nbsp;Siqi Yin ,&nbsp;She Li ,&nbsp;Guidong Wang ,&nbsp;Liming Wang ,&nbsp;Xiangyang Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Generating high-quality quad-dominant mesh on complex geometric models remains a significant challenge in finite element pre-processing. Manually simplifying the small features of a geometric model increases the time cost for engineers. In this work, a series of automatic model edge suppression algorithms are proposed for geometric models. By utilizing the minimum allowed edge length and minimum allowed angle, these algorithms can automatically suppress geometric features such as short model edges, sharp tips, and narrow surfaces that may severely degrade mesh quality during meshing. A diffusion algorithm for geometric surfaces is employed to search for the sub-surfaces connected by the suppressed edge. Using virtual topological technology, these sub-surfaces are clustered to construct a virtual topological surface, which simplifies the model without altering its underlying topology. The virtual topological surface is globally parameterized via discrete harmonic mapping to ensure bidirectional mapping between the clustered surface and the parametric surface. Subsequently, an improved Q-Morph methodology was implemented for quad-dominant hybrid mesh generation on virtual topological surfaces, demonstrating effective preservation of mesh-boundary alignment characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108107"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146006529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unstructured diffusion generative design of metamaterials for irregular design domains","authors":"Haoyu Wang ,&nbsp;Zongliang Du ,&nbsp;Yue Mei ,&nbsp;Xiudong Li ,&nbsp;Shan Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Data-driven generative design methods have emerged as a powerful paradigm for material and structural design. However, most existing approaches are limited to regular design domains and depend on structured meshes as design variables, which restrict their applicability in more complex scenarios. To overcome these constraints, this study introduces a novel unstructured generative design framework capable of handling irregular design domains. A centroidal Voronoi tessellation-based polygonal mesh is employed to discretize the irregular design space, improving geometric adaptability, enhancing mesh isotropy and uniformity, and eliminating the single-node connectivity issues commonly encountered in triangular meshes. To address the challenges of processing unstructured data arising from unstructured meshes, a Diffusion Transformer-based network is adopted to efficiently learn the reverse process of the diffusion model and to capture the conditional probabilistic distribution under specified mechanical constraints. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can rapidly generate metamaterials that meet the target properties, while also producing designs that differ significantly from those in the training dataset, thereby showcasing its creativity. This approach overcomes the limitations of existing generative design methods in handling irregular design domains, accelerates the design process, and advances the application of data-driven generative design in real-world engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108111"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146006528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explicit topology optimization of multi-material multi-scale structures with embedded piezoelectric active buckling control","authors":"Weisheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoye Yan ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Zhuang ,&nbsp;Chunli Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes an explicit topology optimization method based on Moving Morphable Components (MMC) to enhance structural stability. This method employs piezoelectric actuation to actively enhance the anti-buckling capacity of multi-material and multi-scale piezoelectric active structures. A force-electric decoupled analysis model is adopted to analyze the buckling characteristics induced by mechanical loading under specific electrical conditions. The objective function aims to maximize the critical buckling load factor (BLF) of piezoelectric active structures. The design variables in the simultaneous optimization include the distribution of the macro/micro-piezoelectric materials and elastic materials. By optimizing the material distribution, the strain generated by electrically stimulated piezoelectric materials can suppress buckling instability actively in response to sudden extreme loads. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108115"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}