IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science最新文献

{"title":"Sustainable bio-jet fuel synthesis techniques for the aviation industry","authors":"C H Tan, C. T. Yaw, S. P. Koh, K. Kadirgama, A. M. Abed, H. S. Majdi","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012036","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the near future, the aviation industry is expected to significantly increase the usage of “drop-in” bio-jet fuel as the technologies in biofuel production advances and matures. Given the high rate of growth in the aviation sector, the demand for aerial transportation of passenger and cargo is projected to increase by two-fold in the next twenty years. This will raise the global aviation fuel consumption to an estimated 22.48 quadrillion British thermal unit (BTU) by 2040. To meet these high energy demands, it is necessary to develop alternative and sustainable methods to produce jet fuel. In light of this, intense research and numerous fundings have been allocated into developing efficient production methods for bio-jet fuel. Conventional jet fuel emits a considerable amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs) when combusted, which contributes to global warming. Compared to traditional jet fuel, bio-jet fuel is a renewable energy source and regarded to emit less GHGs. Bio-jet fuel can be produced using a diverse range of both edible (food crops such as soybean, corn, and sugar cane) and inedible (such as energy crops, agricultural wastes, and lignocellulosic biomass) feedstocks. There are various promising technologies that can produce aviation biofuel, which includes oil-to-jet [hydroprocessed ester and fatty acids (HEFA)], alcohol-to-jet, sugar-to-jet [hydroprocessing of fermented sugars (HFS)], and syngas-to-jet [Fisher-Tropsch (FT)]. Compared to the other techniques, HEFA bio-jet fuel can be sold at a lower price because HEFA requires less capital investment, capital cost, and energy cost. Although FT technique require high capital investment, FT bio-jet fuel can be sold at medium price due to its matured technology. The breakeven cost of ATJ and HFS bio-jet fuel varies greatly due to the supply and cost of sugar-rich feedstocks, as well as short lifespan of enzymes. Although bio-jet fuel has the potential to replace petroleum jet fuel in the future, there are still many technological and socio-economic challenges that must be overcome. Therefore, this paper aims to highlight the current status, technological advances, and economic challenges of bio-jet fuel production for energy transition in the aviation industry.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"24 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141708920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance prediction and analysis of a solar assisted medium-deep geothermal heating system","authors":"Z B Zhang, Z. Y. Tao, Z. D. Ma, G. Jia, L. H. Saw, L W Jin","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The solar assisted medium-deep geothermal heating (SAMGH) system is a novel kind of heating system that can combine the benefits of geothermal and solar energy. However, the variations in borehole heat exchanger (BHE) performance and the intermittency of solar energy pose challenges for predicting the overall performance of the coupled system and designing the operational strategies. To conduct simulation on the SAMGH system for performance prediction and analysis, a coaxial medium-deep borehole heat exchanger coupled with the solar energy heating system for an office building in Xi’an was developed. The TRNSYS software was employed to establish the model of the coupled system. A ground source heat pump (GSHP) heating system was used for comparison. The simulation results showed that with the introduction of the solar energy and heat storage modules, the annual operating time of the geothermal system only accounts for 32.06%. The energy consumption of the coupled system can be reduced from 63585 kW to 44586 kW, and the energy consumption proportion of the geothermal system in total value decreased from 69.10% to 40.58%. Therefore, the average coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat pump and the system were improved by 63.71% and 91.77%, respectively. Moreover, because the solar energy is beneficial to the ground heat recovery, the average ground temperature increased from 42.5 °C to 43.88 °C after ten years of operation. The proposed design method and simulation results can serve as a reference for design method and performance analysis of the geothermal and solar coupled system.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141704072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrochar production through co-hydrothermal carbonization of water hyacinth and plastic waste","authors":"M. Y. Ong, S. Nomanbhay, C. U. A. A. C. Rosman, T. Yusaf, A. S. Silitonga","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012034","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The global expansion of the economy and concerns about greenhouse gas emissions and climate change necessitate the exploration of sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels. Water hyacinth (WH) is globally recognized as one of the most problematic aquatic weeds, posing significant challenges to urban management by clogging waterways, polluting water sources, and causing harm to ecosystems. However, water hyacinth is enriched with hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin, making it a noteworthy and superior biomass resource. Hence, this study focuses on the hydrothermal carbonization of water hyacinth into a renewable fuel source, the hydrochar. Hydrothermal treatment was implemented in this work as it can treat wet biomass, in this case, the water hyacinth, without the need of energy-extensive drying process. Plastic waste (PW), or more specifically low-density polyethylene (LDPE), was added as the co-feedstock during the HTC process with the purpose to boost the higher heating value (HHV) of the end product. The co-hydrothermal carbonization (co-HTC) process of the mixture of WH and PW at various ratios and temperatures were conducted to investigate the optimal HTC condition for high hydrochar yields. As the result, the highest hydrochar yield of 29.23 wt% was obtained with 12.5% LDPE substitution percentage, at 200 °C after a holding time of 90 min. However, in term of energy recovery efficiency (ER), the highest efficiency (27.28%) was achieved with 12.5% LDPE substitution percentage at 260 °C. The HHV value of the hydrochar produced in this work is in the range of 17.71-24.69 MJ/kg. In summary, the co-HTC of WH and LDPE could definitely be a promising alternative to bridge the gap from solid waste to renewable fuels.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"42 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface wettability control of bubble flow guide for a thin aqueous electrolyte layer of solar photoelectrochemical reactors","authors":"Yuki Kameya, Ryosuke Hasegawa, Tatsuya Osawa","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier as no carbon dioxide is emitted during its use in fuel cells or combustion. Solar photoelectrochemical water splitting is a potential process for producing renewable hydrogen. Herein, energy transport phenomena are addressed for the future design of large-scale reactors. First, we show that the thickness of the aqueous electrolyte layer is an essential factor for utilizing the full spectrum of solar radiation. The transport of solar irradiation through the aqueous electrolyte is theoretically analysed. Next, based on the measurement of light transmission through hydrogen bubbles generated from a hydrogen evolving electrode, the energy loss caused by the bubbles covering a photoelectrode is discussed. The bubble size distributions at practical current densities are also presented. Then, a bubble flow guide for controlling the stream of bubbles in a thin electrolyte layer is proposed. A design strategy and experimental results verifying the performance of the bubble flow guide are presented. We demonstrate that surface wettability and inclination angle are important for designing an effective bubble flow guide. We examine the surface wettability control using hydrophilic coatings in detail. Changes in the water contact angles as well as bubble adhesion forces on the coated surfaces are demonstrated. In addition, the current experimental method can be used to identify essential issues in photoelectrochemical processes. Because bubble trapping and growth in a flow guide are reflected in the electrode potential variation, the discussion of electrode potential variation would be useful for further developing bubble flow guides. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential for developing and designing solar photoelectrochemical reactors.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"42 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141690231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air quality monitoring using drones (UAV)","authors":"R. Alberto Bernabeo, Gianmarco D’Alessandro, Alessandro Ceruti, Laura Tositti, Nhan Nguyen, Thanh Phuoc Ho","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012065","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Air pollution causes many diseases and is a major environmental threat, therefore, it is essential to monitor and improve the air quality. With this work, we aim to assess atmospheric pollution using drone-mounted air sensors, with specific applications in Vietnam. We aim to measure Green-House Gas (GHG) emissions and other pollutants in urban and non-urban areas of interest including, but not limited to landfills and airports, to evaluate the effects of pollution on climate and health. The project will use a novel and creative approach to collect three-dimensional atmospheric data using smart sensors mounted on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). UAVs have been extensively applied in recent years, both in Vietnam and on a global scale, to multiple fields and with different scopes. Surveying, crop monitoring, irrigation and fertilization, surveillance and rescue support, and 2D and 3D mapping, are just a few examples of how UAVs can be used for agriculture, archaeology, forestry, urban planning, and architecture. In this project, we develop an integrated system of UAVs and smart sensors for air quality monitoring. To develop mitigation and adaptation strategies for reducing the environmental impact of transport, it is imperative to assess the emission sources and trends. Therefore, we are developing a system able to collect comprehensive atmospheric data using remote aerosol sampling, and chemical speciation. Furthermore, the potential of using smart sensors on other flying devices is explored.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141699403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing an absorber for solar photovoltaic thermal systems: a heat pipe approach and comparative evaluation","authors":"A. D. Kamble, D. Das, P. Kalita","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Renewable energy power generation is extensively promoting for the global objective of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Solar energy leads all renewables due to its ubiquitous nature which can be harvested by solar thermal and solar photovoltaic devices. Solar PV is used widely because of its flexibility in working with both direct and diffuse radiation. However, PV systems experience efficiency loss for every degree rise of solar cell temperature above room temperature. Solar photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) collectors are proposed for co-generation of electrical and thermal energy by utilizing excess heat generated in the PV layer. The low heat transfer rate, energy-intensive nature, and freezing of working fluid in colder regions are some problems that persist in water- and air-based PV/Ts, leading us to consider alternatives. Thus, the present study addresses the current opportunities by utilizing heat pipes as PV/T absorbers. Heat pipe PVT is a passive system which operates in phase transition facilitating a tremendous amount of heat transfer enhancement. To enhance the efficiency of PV/T systems, the integration of advanced technologies, like heat pipe thermal absorbers, becomes imperative. Incorporating cutting-edge solutions, such as heat pipe thermal absorbers, is essential to optimize the performance of PV/T systems. Hence, the current study provides insight into heat pipe design through a case study on the application of heat pipes as thermal absorbers for photovoltaic systems. The existing absorbers with fluid flow configurations like Raster, Spiral or Rectangular spiral, etc. used in PV/T are considered as reference. Copper as tube material and water as working fluid are found to be compatible with each other for the proposed heat pipe. The maximum heat input of 0.55kW is computed by the inadequacy of the mentioned existing PVTs to extract the maximum available heat from the PV surface. Additionally, an analytical approach used to define the optimum size of the system and calculation of minimum requirement of tubes. The optimized design of copper heat pipes was found to be ½ inch in diameter and at least ten heat pipes were required to transfer a computed heat flux of 466kW/m\u0000 2 per pipe to outperform the existing PV/Ts.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-principles calculation of monolayer PdSe2 with Se and Pd vacancy and its effect on quantum capacitance","authors":"K. A. Paz, A. R. Villagracia, M. Y. David","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The emergence of 2-D materials such as graphene has caught the attention of the scientific community. 2-D materials have a higher surface area per unit mass, which is ideal for electrodes. Another popular material among researchers is the monolayer palladium diselenide or PdSe2, a semiconductor with a tunable bandgap energy. Since there are fewer states in the fermi level of PdSe2, the quantization effect is more prevalent, hence, it would most likely draw its capacitance from its electronic configuration. In this study, the electronic properties such as band structure, density of states, and quantum capacitance of pristine monolayer PdSe2, PdSe2 with Se, and Pd vacancy were calculated based on density functional theory via Quantum Espresso. The formation energies of all systems were energetically favourable. The system with Se vacancy has the highest formation energy with a value of -3.47 eV. The density of states of all systems were observed to have a local minima at the fermi level. More occupiable states around the valence band were observed for the systems with vacancy. Bader charge analysis showed a notable decrease of charge in Se atoms near the Pd vacancy, while the Pd atoms in the Se vacated system showed stronger charge transfer between Pd and another Se atom. The quantum capacitance and surface charge values were calculated using the density of states. Higher surface charge values at the negative voltage were observed for the systems with induced vacancies. Based on the results, the systems with vacancies have improved the quantum capacitance and surface charge at the negative potential.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"2008 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141707209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trihalomethane formation potentials from the effluent of different wastewater treatment sources","authors":"K. Phlaengsattra, V. Kanokkantapong, J. Sangsanont","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012031","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Reused wastewater is commonly treated with disinfection to remove pathogenic microorganisms; however, this process generates disinfection byproducts (DBPs), such as trihalomethanes (THMs). This study aimed to investigate the levels of THMs and THM formation potential (THMFP) in treated wastewater originating from different sources i.e., domestic, food-processing industry and hospital. The samples from each source were collected three times between June and August 2023. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was evaluated from the samples prior to and after disinfection with chlorine over a period of 7 days. The results found that the concentration of DOC was highest in hospital effluent, with an average value of 5.60±0.16 mg/L followed by effluent from the food-processing industry and domestic, which had average DOC concentrations of 4.60±1.39 mg/L and 4.46±0.37 mg/L, respectively. The concentration of THMs in hospital effluent was found the highest at 6.91±0.88 µg/L followed by effluent from the domestic and food-processing industries, which exhibited amounts of 6.74±0.77 µg/L and 5.25±0.77 µg/L, respectively. In contrast, the food-processing factory had the highest concentration of THMFP at 299.39±26.54 µg/L, while the domestic and hospital effluent displayed a lower concentration of 133.64±36.86 µg/L and 51.48±9.01 µg/L, respectively.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"15 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141700158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing thermal comfort in buildings through the integration of phase change material on the building envelope: a simulation study","authors":"U. Bordoloi, B. Das","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012089","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 According to the report published by the International Energy Agency (IEA), active space cooling and air conditioning systems consume approximately 16% of the building sector’s final electricity consumption and contribute 3.94% of global greenhouse gas emissions. In this regard, the use of low-cost but effective passive solutions, such as organic phase change materials (PCM) on the building envelope, can provide high thermal mass and thus can lower the temperature fluctuation inside the building. In the current study, the potential of PCM-enhanced building envelopes to enhance thermal comfort has been studied. The study has been performed using the conduction finite difference (ConFD) algorithm in EnergyPlus software. A comparative study has been done for a traditional reinforced cement concrete (RCC) reference test room of size (5m x 6m x 3m) and another room of the same size with PCM-enhanced walls for the hot and humid climate zone of Guwahati (latitude 26.1, longitude 91.7), in India. A PCM thickness of 20 mm is used at the external surface of the wall between the red clay burnt brick (120 mm in thickness) and the cement plaster (25mm thick). The PCM used for the study is a biocomposite PCM, named WH-PCM, with a melting point of 31.5°C and thermal conductivity of 0.27 W/mK. The simulation results reveal that the R-value of the external wall of the room with PCM walls has been increased by 84.90% compared to the reference room with the incorporation of WH-PCM, resulting in a mean zone temperature difference of 0.3°C throughout the year. Also, the indoor thermal discomfort hours have been annually reduced by 15.82% with the use of WH-PCM when compared with the reference room. A similar temperature difference trend, which is 1.93°C, is also observed in the single PCM brick experimental result under identical testing conditions as a regular brick of the same size.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"54 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141711009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of pyrolysis characteristics and kinetic parameters from several prospected biomass residues by thermogravimetric analysis","authors":"S. Pambudi, J. S. Jongyingcharoen, W. Saechua","doi":"10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1372/1/012028","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 With fossil fuel supplies dwindling and persistent environmental concerns surrounding their consumption, biomass has emerged as a highly promising renewable energy source. Understanding the characteristics of biomass pyrolysis is crucial as it provides valuable insights and guidance for designing and optimizing the pyrolysis process. In this regard, a thermogravimetric assessment was conducted to evaluate the pyrolysis characteristics and kinetic parameters of four prospective biomass sources: Yang Na wood (Dipterocarpus alatus), palmyra palm shell, cotton stalk, and spent coffee grounds with a condition temperature range of 33 °C to 700 °C and a heating rate of 10 °C·min-1 in a nitrogen atmosphere. The kinetic parameters were evaluated using the Coats and Redfern methods, employing various reaction order models. The activation energy and pre-exponential factor were determined for the active pyrolysis stage. The results revealed that the high heating values for all samples ranged from 18.20 to 23.00 MJ·kg-1. Additionally, the onset temperature fell within the range of 243 to 254 °C, while the offset temperature ranged from 365 to 452 °C for all samples. The conversion rate at the offset temperature was 0.67 for Yang Na wood, 0.62 for palmyra palm shell, 0.65 for cotton stalk, and 0.74 for spent coffee grounds. Moreover, the activation energies were measured as 46.47 kJ·mol-1 for Yang Na wood, 52.46 kJ·mol-1 for palmyra palm shell, 64.20 kJ·mol-1 for cotton stalk, and 69.01 kJ·mol-1 for spent coffee grounds. The higher activation energy corresponded to a higher pre-exponential factor. In conclusion, the pyrolysis characteristics and kinetic parameters of the four types of biomasses have been found to be favourable, indicating their potential for promotion and application as a raw material for the pyrolysis process.","PeriodicalId":506254,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science","volume":"19 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141701845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}